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Maori-Polynesian Comparative Dictionary

I

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I

I, a particle, used in forming indefinite past tenses or aorists: He aha te mea i haere mai ai koe ki a au ?—P. M., 61.

I, used transitively to connect an active verb with its object. 2. From: He tiki ahi mai ia koe—P. M., 26. 3. From the sight of. 4. At a distance from; wide of, or beyond. 5. In comparison of. 6. Than: A kua oti te hoatu e ia ki tou hoa e pai atu ana i a koe—1 Ham., xv. 28. 7. In complex prepositions, i raro i, &c.: I roto i o ratou whare korero—P. M., 83. 8. Following ehara, not: Ehara i te mea i whanau tangata mai—P. M., 59. 9. By reason of: I taua mate-kai hoki o muri iho—Ken., xli. 31: For want of. 10. By, after neuter verbs: Ka mate koe i au—P. M., 79: Ka pau hoki i a Tangaroa nga tamariki a Tane—P. M., 9. 11. With: E ki ana te whenua i te tutu i a ratou—Ken., vi. 13. 12. At (of place): Katahi ia ka noho i uta—P. M., 59. 13. Upon: Ka manu ia i te au o te moana—P. M., 130. 14. Along: Ka rongo ki te tokomaha o nga tangata kua mate i te haerenga i nga huarahi ma Tauhunui, ma Tuporo, me Tikitapu hoki—P. M., 147. 15. By way of: Ka haere i te Motunui, i te Kaweka, Urenui—P. M., 122. 16. Connected with the last; sometimes translated “of,” and sometimes redundant: No tua atu i Hawaiki—P. M., 71: Kia haere maua ki te tiki i a Takakopiri—P. M., 143. 17. In the act of (past time). In the state of. 18. At, in, by (in time): I te ata ka karanga atu a Tawhaki—P. M., 51. 19. In the time of; at the time that; whilst, during: I te kauanga mai i te po—P. M., 130: I-te-mea, when. 20. Possessing, belonging to (in past time): Ehara i a koe tenei kainga, noku ano—P. M., 81: Ko te kuri i a Te Paki—G.-8, 27. 21. In company with; led by. 22. In the opinion of. 23. Causing trouble to.

Samoan—i, an euphonic particle before plural pronouns, except the second person: (b.) In: O lè na faia a‘u i le manava, e le o ia foi lea na faia o ia ? Did not he who made me in the womb make him ? (c.) At; (d.) to: Le ala i lona fale; The path to his house. (e.) For; (f.) of: Ua e iloa ea tulafono i le lagi ? Do you know the laws of heaven ? (g.) On: Ina ia to mai le ua i le laueleele; To cause it to rain on the earth. (h.) On account of; (i.) concerning; (j.) with: Ina e teteu ia oe i le mamalu ma le malualii; Deck yourself with beauty and majesty.

Tahitian—i, when prefixed, is a sign of the past tense; (b.) at, for, in: as, i reira, at that place or time; i te mea, for such a thing; i te fare, in the house.

Mangarevan—i, to, to the: I titirihia i te Po; It has been cast to Hades. (b.) With: Pi te vaka i te ika; The canoe was filled with fish.

Marquesan—i, a sign of accusative case; (b.) in: Keika kua kaikai i Vevau; The red apples eaten in Vavau. (c.) On: E ke iho i tai; Reserved on the sea. (d.) A sign of past time: Na hana aia i hana; The works which he had made.

Hawaiian—i, to: E hele auanei oe i ka luakupapau; You will come to the grave. (b.) Towards; (c.) in, into: Ua hooheiia oia i ka upena; He is cast into the snare. (d.) Of: Aole hoi oe e makau i ka luku; You will not be afraid of destruction. (e.) At: I ka pololi e akaaka no oe; You shall laugh at famine. (f.) By: E make lakou i ka pahikaua; You shall die by the sword. (g.) In respect of; (h.) on account of; (i.) with: Ka wahine i ka ipu wai; The woman with the water-bowl.

Tongan—i, in: Bea ikai he kafu i he momoko; They have no covering in the cold. (b.) With: Oku nau viviku i he gaahi uha mei he mouga; They are wet with the showers of the mountains. (c.) When: I he ene fokotuu ae fono ki he uha; When he made a decree for the rain. (d.) Through: Beau alu mo ene mama i he fakabouli; By his light I walked through darkness.

Rarotongan—i, a sign of the past tense: Na to rima i akaaite iaku; You made me with your hands. (b.) With complex prepositions: I roto i toou ngakau; Within your heart. (c.) With: Kua ki au i te whakama; I am filled with shame. (d.) From: Eaa oki koe i rave mai ei iaku mei roto i te kopu ? Why did you bring me forth from the womb? (e.) In: Toku ora ki roto i toku rima; My life in my hand. (f.) By: E aeae ainei koe i te rau i peke i te matangi ra ? Will you break a leaf driven by the wind? (g.) Of: E te ki oki i te pekapeka; And in full of trouble. (h.) Out of: E kare e akatuia mai i to ratou moe; You shall not be awakened out of sleep.

Paumotan—i, according to.

Aniwan—i, to; (b.) though.

I (ì), to ferment, turn sour. Cf. toroì, to ferment; moì, to ferment, to turn sour.

Hawaiian—ii, sour, mouldy, fusty, as food injured by long standing; to be mouldy; rust, anything indicating age or decay; (b.) covetous, close, niggardly; (c.) to be lost, forgotten, as something formerly known.

Tahitian—i, to prepare food for the mahi, a sort of fermented breadfruit, preserved for food in time of scarcity. Cf. iiri, thick, stiff, applied to paste; iiru, thick, adhesive màe; watery, applied to taro, yam, &c., when injured by the sun or dry weather.

Mangarevan—i, to spoil; to be spoilt, damaged. Cf. ika, mouldiness.

Paumotan—faka-ii, leaven.

Whaka-II (whaka-ìì), self-conceited, vain. Cf. whakahihi, to speak contemptuously; whakai, foppish.

I, an interjection, without any special meaning, used at the end of a song or stanza: Ko te tohu o te mate na, i—G. P., 163.

IA, he, she, or it: Kua whakakinokino auo i a ia—P. M., 54.

Samoan—ia, he or she: E sili lava lona uso aupito itiiti ia te ia; His younger brother shall be greater than he.

Tahitian—cf. oia, he, she, or it.

Hawaiian—ia, he, she, or it; him: He mau opale wale no ka i lilo me ia: Some of the rabble only went with him.

Tongan—ia, he, she, or it: Kohai ia te ne talatalaakii au ? Who is he that will plead page 100 with me?

Mangarevan—la, he, she; him, her.

Marquesan—ia, he, she, or it. Cf. oia, that is he; it is he.

Aniwan—cf. aia, he, she, or it.

Paumotan—ia, he, him.

Ext. Poly.: Motu—cf. ia, he, she, it;

Fiji—cf. koya, him;

Malagasy—cf. izy, he, she, it, they;

Kayan—cf. hia, he, she, it;

Sulu—cf. sia, him;

Malay—cf. iya, he, she it;

Tagal—cf. siya, he; Pampong—cf. ya, he;

Formosa—cf. icho, he;

New Britain—cf. ia, he.

IA, a word used as a demonstrative pronoun (in the singular only): that, the said. 2. Repeated, to give a distributive sense: Each, every: E pena tonu ano ia po ia po—P. M., 13.

Samoan—ia, these (only in plural).

Hawaiian—ia, this, or that, according as the thing referred to is absent or present.

Tongan—cf. aia, which, that.

Tahitian—ia, that, or it: Eaha ia ? What is that?

Ext. Poly.: Fiji—cf. ya, that.

IA, a current, stream: Ka riro au i te ia—M. M., 23. 2. The sound made by rushing water.

IA, but.

IANA, then, used as an intensive: Tena, iana! haere mai tatou kia kite!—P. M., 121.

Samoan—cf. , well then! used to call attention in the middle of a speech.

IANEI, nay, used as intensive. 2. Used in interrogative sentences.

IAUA, an exclamation: Hold! stay!

IAWANGARUA (Moriori), to reel, stagger.

IHE, the name of a fish, the Garfish or Half-beak, a small fish, with a long beak or snout (Ich. Hemiramphus intermedius).

Samoan—cf. ise, a certain fish.

Hawaiian—cf. iheihe, a species of fish of the swordkind, but small; ihe, a spear.

Tahitian—cf. ihe, a spear; oihe (kò-ihe), a stick used for digging.

Marquesan—cf. ihe, the name of a fish with a long nose or beak.

Mangarevan—cf. ihe, the name of a fish.

IHENGA (myth.), the god of the kumara or sweet potato, the sweet potato used in offerings. He was the son of Rongo-ma-tane—A. H. M., i. App. 2. A chief of Hawaiki, who came to New Zealand in the Arawa canoe. He it was who aroused the great priest Ngatoro-i-rangi, when the canoe was being engulfed in Te Parata whirlpool. (P. M., 87.) Soon after landing, Ihenga gave his daughter to Ngatoro as his wife, and he himself went to reside at Maketu. Exploring inland he discovered Lake Rotorua, but finding the land around it already occupied by Maru-punga-nui, he had recourse to artifice, and at last by his cunning obtained possession. His descendants continue in occupation. (P. M., 96.) Ihenga married Hine-te-Kakaru, the daughter of Kahu—S. R., 63. Ihenga was the youngest son of Tuhoro, the son, of Tama-te-kapua. His brothers were Taramainuku, Warenga, and Huarere—S. R., 53.

IHI, to split, to divide: Ka whai atu a Maui, ka ihi te kauae o Murirakawhenua—Wohl., Trans., vii. 38. Cf. koihiihi, reduced to splinters; toihi, to split; pakihi, to dig for fernroot [see Tahitian]. 2. To draw a line, furrow. 3. To dawn. Cf. hihi, a ray of the sun. 4. to make a rushing or hissing noise. Cf. hihi, to make a hissing noise; pahihi, to flow in driblets; kihikihi, a kind of locust or cicada. 5. Supernatural power (mana): Rere te ihi, rere te mana, motu te upoko o te atua—G. P., 288. 6. A ray of the sun: I raro ano te Ra, ko te ihi i puta ake—Wohl., Trans., vii. 40. Cf. hihi, a ray of the sun. 7. The front gable of a house. Cf. maihi, the facings of the front gable of a house; koihi, a verandah. 8. An emanation.

IHIIHI, to make a rushing noise. 2. To be frightened, to shudder with fear: Ko te ihiihi me te pouri kerekere e tau iho ana ki a ia—Ken., xv. 12. Cf. kaihi, trembling with dread; koihiihi, to thrill with fear; moihi, to stand on end, as the hair with fright. 3. A ray of the sun.

Whaka-IHI, sacred; to make sacred [see Ihi]: Maku e whakaihi, maku e whakamana—S. T., 134. 2. A prohibition; a tapued place. (Syn. rahui.)

Samoan—isi, to split; isiisi, to split much or often. Cf. maisi, to be split, cracked; orificium vaginœ.

Tahitian— ihi, skill, wisdom, dexterity; ihiihi, skill, economy, good order; cunning, crafty. Cf. hihi, the rays of the sun; the whiskers of a cat or rat; hihimoa, the feathers on the back of a fowl's neck; ihipapa, to demolish; to extirpate, root and branch; ihitumu, to overthrow, to demolish; ihiorea, discretion, prudence; paihi, to extirpate, root out (cf. Maori pakihi, to dig fernroot); uihi, the whistling of anything that cuts the air; ihe, a spear; ihirea, trouble, perplexity; fear.

Hawaiian—ihi, to peel off the bark from a stick. A ihi iho la i na kaha onionio keokeo ma ua mau laau la; He peeled white streaks on the rods. (b.) To peel or flay off the skin from an animal; (c.) sacred, holy; hallowed: I ke ala ihi, i ke alaloa; On the sacred path, the long path. Ihihi, angry, cross, offended; (b.) to neigh as a horse; ihiihi, the interjection of surprise at seeing anything uncommon or out of the ordinary course of things; hoo-ihiihi, to put on dignity, or importance. Cf. ihe, a spear; a javelin; kaihi, to spin round like a top; dizziness.

Tongan—Ifi, to blow with the mouth; (b.) to sound an instrument of music; (c.) the name of a tree, and its fruit. Cf. isa, to hiss; maifi, a humming noise; the sensation of wind, as when anything passes near the face; maihi, a cut, to wound by cutting; moifi, a buzzing, as wind caused by something in quick motion; pahihi, split, riven; a splinter; a thin piece of wood used as a knife.

Mangarevan—cf. pehihi, to gush out as water; pehihihi, interlaced, crossed, as the branches of trees; akapehihi, to gush out as water.

Ext. Poly.: Magindano—cf. ihi, to urinate;

Formosa—cf. isi, urine; misi, to make water.

IHI (myth.), the name of a great taniwha or water monster in Lake Taupo.

IHIIHI (myth.), the wife of Irawaru and mother of Pero. Hina is thus called, Irawaru being the tutelary deity of the dog—A. H. M., i. App.

IHINGA (myth.), a chief who brought back charms, songs, games, &c., from Miru's House of Death. [See Rongomai.]

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IHO, the heart of a tree. Cf. uho, the heart of a tree; tarauho, the heart of a tree; ioio, hard; Io, god. [See Mangaian.] 2. That wherein the strength of a thing consists, as of an army, &c. 3. The tohunga (priest) or principal person in a canoe. [See Iho-o-te-rangi, and Ihowaka.] 4. A lock of hair.

Whaka-IHO, to cut the hair.

Whaka-IHONGA, a part of the ceremony performed for the dead.

Tahitian—iho, the essence or nature of a thing or person; (b.) applied to a person coming to himself after swooning, or recovering his intellectual faculties; ihoiho, the ghosts of the dead, which were supposed often to visit the living, especially relatives, and to inflict illness or death; faa-iho, to use prayers and ceremonies, as the priests did formerly to procure the presence of a god in or within the image. Cf. ihoarii, the dignity and office of a king or principal chief; ihoihoatupu, the living relative of a dead person; ihopohe, mortality; ihotaata, the person himself with regard to something sacred; ihotatau, the reckoning of descent; genealogy; ihetupu, indigenous; the native of a place; ihotoi, the name of a ceremony and prayer of a canoe-builder in cutting a tree for a new canoe.

Tongan—hifo, to offer in sacrifice; faka-hifo, to counteract by an offering or sacrifice. Cf. ifo, the taste; faka-ifoifo, to try with the mouth.

Mangaian—io, the pith or core of a tree; (b.) (fig.) a god. [For full comparison see Maori Io, a deity.]

Mangarevan—cf. iho, a morsel, a piece.

Paumotan—iho, essence, substance; faka-iho, a shade, a ghost.

Hawaiian—iho, the pith of a vegetable; the centre of a tree; ihoiho, the solid, heavy part of timber; the heart; something solid inside of something soft.

Ext. Poly.: Sikayana—cf. iho, flesh. [Note.—The last word shows that reference should be also made to Maori kiko, flesh—i.e., the io of Hawaiian and Tahitian.]

IHO, from above; downwards; down: Ka haere iho raua ki raro—P. M., 49. Cf. whanaiho, down, ever so deep. 2. Up above: Wharongo ki te kupu a te tangata e iri iho nei—P. M., 67. 3. Conveying the idea of direction from some place connected with the speaker, but not where he is at that time. 4. Denoting a short lapse of time. 5. A current running rapidly through an eel-weir.

Samoan—ifo, down, downward: Ua tino mai foi i lona sulugatiti e oo ifo i lalo; From the appearance of his loins downward; (b.) to bow down, as do those conquered in war, as a token of submission; (c.) to descend, as from inland to shore; (d.) to terminate; ifoa, to have an attack of a complaint to which the person is subject, which then falls (ifo) upon some other part of the body, as a headache ending in bad eyes; ifoifo, to descend, as from the top of a house, a tree, or a mountain; fa‘a-ifo, to make a hostile descent, to attack the enemy in time of war. Cf. ifoa‘e, a descent.

Tahitian—iho, to descend from an eminence; (b.) an affix denoting sameness or proximity; faa-iho, to cause or help a person to descend; to let down a thing; one that leads down or lets another down from an eminence. Cf. taiho, to let a thing down from a high place; toihoiho, to decline, as the sun in the afternoon.

Hawaiian—iho, a verbal directive which implies motion or tendency downward; to go down, descend: Aole make hau maluna iho; Let no dew descend upon you: Nou iho ka la o keia aina o Lahaina; The sun of this land of Lahaina strikes down. (b.) Implies succession in time or narrative, as mahope iho, after that; (c.) equivalent to self, or selves, as no‘u iho, myself; hoo-iho, to cause to descend; (b.) to bring down upon one as a punishment; (c.) to cause to fall.

Tongan — hifo, down, downwards; to descend: Bea teu li hifo a hoo mate i he ao a ho mou gaahi tamabua; I will cast down your slain men before your idols. Hihifo, the West; faka-hifo, to unload; to discharge; to put down. Cf. hifoaga, a landing-place, descending place; aluhifo, to descend; foohifo, to lie on the face, to prostrate; prone; agahifo, to go downwards; tahifo, a descent, declivity.

Marquesan—iho, to descend; down.

Aniwan—ifo, down, downward.

Mangarevan—cf. iho, a piece; the final piece of a song; nohoio, to sit down; oniiho, to descend a tree, &c., by using the arms and legs.

Paumotan—ihoiho, to descend; faka-iho, to cause to descend. Cf. tohihoiho, to decline; to sink; to decay.

Ext. Poly.: Nguna—cf. siwo, downwards.

IHOWAKA, a sacred person when under the immediate charge of a priest: E mea hoki e noho ana a ia i runga i te ihowaka—A. H. M., iv. 95. Cf. waka, the medium of an atua (deity or demon). [For comparatives, see Iho and Waka.]

IHOOTERANGI Te Iho-o-te-Rangi (myth.), a god of Hawaiki, by whose assistance Ngatoro's niece crossed the ocean to New Zealand—P. M., 102. [See Kuiwai, Ngatoro, Manaia, &c.; also compare Iho and Io.]

IHU, the nose: Ka tukua te ringaringa, ka motokia ake ki tana ihu—P. M., 23. 2. The bow of a canoe: Tahi mai ano i te ihu, a te noko atu ana—P. M., 52. Cf. tauihu, the figurehead of a canoe. 3. The foresail: Maranga to te ihu, te waenga, me te kei—P. M., 72.

Samoan—isu, the nose: A oomi le isu, ua sau ai le tota; When the nose is wrung, blood comes. (b.) The snout: Pe tuia lona isu a o lavea i mailei; Its snout pierces the snares. (c.) The bIll of a bird. Cf. isumene, a small nose; isumiti, a sniffing nose; isupapa, a flat nose; isupe, mucus from the nose; isupù, a diseased nose eaten off by ulceration; isusisi, a turned-up nose; isuva‘a, a large nose; pogaiisu, the nostrils.

Tahitian—ihu, the nose: Te tuu ra ratou i te amaa raau i to ratou apoo ihu; They put the branch to their noses. (b.) The snout; (c.) the bill of a bird; (d.) the fore-part of a canoe (ihu-vaa); (e.) to work in the sea, as the fore-part of a canoe in a high sea; (f.) to be lost or going at random among trees and bushes, not knowing the road; faaihu, to strangle, drown, or smothers; the person who strangles, drowns, or smothers; ihuihu, to be choked or smothered; choking. Cf. ihumamea, the beginning of an affair; ihupaa, a disease of the nose; paihu, the name of part of the nose, also part of canoe.

Hawaiian—ihu, the nose of a person: Auku ka ihu o ka page 102 wahine huhu wale; The angry woman turns up her nose. (b.) The snout of an animal: I kona ihu i kihe i ke kai; With his nose that spouts up the sea. (c.) The bill of a bird. (d.) the forepart of a canoe: Auku ka ihu i ka makani; The bow stands up in the wind. Cf. ihuolaola, a snoring nose; ihuku, anger, contempt; ihupapa, flat-nosed; ihukukani, hard-breathing; ihupii, to turn up the nose in contempt; makaihu, the sharp point at the bow of a canoe.

Tongan—ihu, the nose: E kuku ai ae ihu oe kau fanoga; It shall stop the noses of the passengers. Faka-ihu, to make a nose or projecting part on the end of a canoe. Cf. ihubagi, a flat nose; ihugolo, to speak through the nose; avaiihu, the nostril.

Marquesan—ihu, the nose. Cf. tunaihu, the upper part of the nose.

Mangarevan—ihu, the nose; (b.) to make a deep dive. Cf. ihumoko, short of breath from deep diving; gogoiu, to snuffle through the nose; komohiu, mucus obstructing the nostrils; mataihu, a promontory.

Paumotan — ihu, the nose; (b.) the bow of a canoe (ihu-vaka).

Rarotongan—cf. putaiu, the nose.

Futuna—ihu, the nose.

Ext. Poly.: Fiji—cf. ucu-na (uthu-na), the nose; Brunner Islands, and Dufaure Islands, cf. ishuda, the nose;

Malay—cf. idung, the nose; ingus, mucus from the nose. The following words mean the “nose”:—

Sesakenisu;

Apinisu;

Rotumaisu; San Cristoval (Wano)—barisu;

Vaturanaihu;

Floridaihu; Ysabel (Bugotu)—ihu; Aurora Island—lisui.

IHUATAMAI (myth.), Ihuatamai and Ihuwareware were two brothers who found the body of Hina when stranded on the shore at Wairarawa after her long swim in the ocean. [See Hinauri.] She became the wife of the two brothers, but was delivered up by them to their lord, Tinirau, the King (or god) of Fishes, a child of Tangaroa—P. M., 49. They are also mentioned in the celebrated birth-incantation of Hine-te-iwaiwa (a name of Hina):—

Tu i tou tia me ko Ihuwareware,
Tu i tou kona me ko Ihuatamai.”
S. R., 110.

IHUMANEA, knowing, clever. Cf. uhumanea, knowing, clever.

IHUMOTOKIA, IHUMOTOMOTOKIA (myth.), a celebrated ancient combat, the battle of “bruised noses,” so called because the men of the party of Ngatoro-i-rangi struck their noses to draw blood, and then lying down, blood-stained, pretended to be dead, thus deluding the enemy who approached incautiously near—P. M., 108; G. P., 153; A. H. M., i. 7. [See Ngatoro, and Kuiwai.]

IHUNGARU (myth.), a god brought from Hawaiki by the Maori, and in existence until quite recently. It is mentioned in the Whangai-hau incantation—S. T., 135. Ihungaru was a lock of human hair, twisted with a rope of aute (bark of Morus papyrifera), kept in a house at Mokoia (Rotorua); this house was built with wood brought from Hawaiki. The god was destroyed by the Ngapuhi tribe in their raid, a.d. 1823.

IHUNGARUPAEA, “Stranded log of timber,” (myth.,) a name assumed by Hina after her finding by the brothers—P. M., 49. [See Ihuatamai, Hina, &c.]

IHUPENU, a crooked or flattened nose. Cf. ihu, nose; penupenu, mashed. [For comparatives, see Ihu, and Penupenu.]

IHUPUKU (myth.) Paikea, Kewa, and Ihupuku are names of savage peoples which destroyed Hema, the father of Tawhaki [see Tawhaki]. Wohlers says that these are names of whales (South Island), and probably refer to ugly or barbarous races met with by the Maori during their migration—Wohl., Trans., vii. 15. They are called Ponaturi in the North. [See Ponaturi.]

IHUPUKU, grasping at, eagerly devouring.

IHUPUNI, a dogskin mat. Cf. puni, stopped up, covered; whakapupuni, to sit close, to hide oneself.

Whaka-IHUWAKA, a boaster, one who implies that he is “the bow of the canoe”: Koia tenei taua tangata he whakaihuwaka—A. H. M. v. 76.

IHUWAREWARE (myth.). [See Ihuatamai.]

IKA, a fish, the general name of all fish: Ko Tangaroa he ika—P. M., 11. 2. A body of men; a troop; a cluster, as of stars: Tirohia Atutahi, Marehua, e; mana e whakarewa te ika whetu riki—M. M., 198. 3. A fighting man, a warrior. The first person killed or captured in a fight was called Te-ika-a-Tiki, or mataika, or ika-i-te-ati. 4. A victim: Ka mau ia ki tana ika tuatahi, ko te tamahine a Maru-te-whare-aitu—P. M., 20. 5. Te Ika-a-Maui, the North Island of New Zealand [see P. M., 26]: Ehara ! tarewa ana i runga te Ika a Maui—P. M., 24. 6. An ancient name for stone, or the stone from which weapons were made, greenstone, obsidian, &c. For the celebrated block of greenstone (jade) called Te-Ika-a-Ngahue see Ngahue. The name arose perhaps from a curious belief, once common, that greenstone was obtained from the body of a fish, and, though soft at first, quickly hardened on exposure to the air. 7. A captive. 8. A lizard (ika-whenua). 9. The principal chief of a tribe. 10. Bitumen used for chewing (mimiha). 11. (Myth.) A monster, one of the great saurians with which heroes fought. 12. The representation of such monster. 13. A mourner, from his cutting himself about to show grief.

Samoan—i‘a, the general name for fishes (except bonito and shell-fish): E mamate ai i‘a o i le vaitafe; The fish in the river shall die. Cf. i‘amanu, the whale (“fish-beast”); i‘avai, the eel.

Tahitian—ia, fish of any kind: Te mau manu o te reva e te ia o te tai; The birds of the air and the fish of the sea. Cf. iaararoa, a fish, a present of fish taken to a chief; haia, a human sacrifice [the dead bodies obtained in war and carried to the marae; after the ceremonies were performed the bodies were called faiaia]; taia, a fisherman.

Hawaiian—ia, a fish, the general name of all sea-animals, also those in fresh water: O ka ia kahi na ke akua; Some fish for the god. (b.) Meat of any kind, in distinction from vegetable food; (c.) the Milky Way [see Maori Ika (myth.)]; ialoa, a dead body embalmed; to preserve dead bodies by salting them.

Tongan—ika, page 103 a fish: O too ae ika oku fuofua kai; Take up the first fish that comes. Cf. ikafono, fish that migrate; baika, a fence built to catch fish; takagaika, a shoal of fish.

Marquesan—ika, fish: Pepena iho te Atua i na ika nunui; God created great fish. (b.) A general name for a thing or matter. Cf. avaika, to fish.

Mangarevan—ika, fish: Na te tai i tahuti ki te ika; The sea sweeps away the fish. (b.) Froth, foam; (c.) mouldiness; aka-ika, to go fishing; (b.) an ornament worn in ancient times. Cf. ikatu, fish which go in shoals to deposit spawn near shore.

Mangaian—ika, fish: Ka rave mai na tetai aronga i ta kotou ika i rauka ra; Bring of the fish you have now caught. (b.) A victim for sacrifice. The cry used at the sacrifice was Taumaa, Rongo, toou ika! Rongo, slay thy fish!

Aniwan—eika, fish: Ma eika neinage iluga aia; And fish laid thereon.

Paumotan—ika, fish. Ext. Poly.: The following words also mean “fish”:—Fiji, ika, Sulu, isda; Malay, ikan; Sikayana, ika; Kar Nicobar, ka; Central Nicobar, ga; Silong, ackan; N. Borneo, Jikan; Iloco, ikan; Java, iwa; Bouton, ikani; Wayapo, ikan; Amblaw, ikiani; Liang, ujan; Lariki, ian; Gah, ikan; Wahai, ian; Teor, ikan; Api, yika; S.E. Api, Sesake, Fate, and Ambryn, ika.

IKA, or Ika-roa, or Ika-o-te-rangi (myth.), the Galaxy or Milky Way. Ikaroa was the mother of Nga Whetu (the stars), and was the wife of Kohu (mist), who was the son of Tokopa, one of the Props of Heaven—Wohl., Trans., vii. 33; S. R., 17. [See Toko.] The Milky Way is also called Mango-roa (Long Shark). In Hawaii the Milky Way is called Ia (fish).

IKA: Te Ika-a-Rangitauira, an earthwork representing a huge lizard (ika-whenua), cut out of the earth on the bank of the River Waitio at Hawke's Bay. It was made by a chief named Rangitauira—Col., Trans., xi. 86. 3. A chief who came to New Zealand in the Arawa canoe. He died at Whanganui—S. R., 51.

IKA-A-MAUI (myth.), Te Ika-a-Maui, the fish of Maui. the North Island of New Zealand, so called because pulled up by Maui from the depths of the ocean. [See Ika, and Maui.] Compare the line of Hawaiian verse, He api nei ka halo, ka maha, ka poo o ka honua; Moving are the gills, the fins, and the head of the earth.

IKAIKA, the name of a plant.

IKA-I-TE-ATI, the first man killed or captured in a fight. Also called màtàika, màtàngohi, màtàati, te ika a Tiki, &c. [See Ika.]

IKAMOANA, the whale: Ka kitea te ikamoana e pae ana i uta—P. M., 92. Cf. ika, fish; moana, the ocean; ikawhenua, a lizard. [For comparatives, see Ika, and Moana.]

IKANUIATAHUA, the name of an incantation: Muri iho te karakia to te Ikanuiotahua—A. H. M., i. 34.

IKATAPU, bodies of enemies slain in war: Ka mutu te patu, kei te hurihuri i nga ikatapu—P. M., 72. Cf. ika, a victim; tapu, sacred. [For comparatives, see Ika, and Tapu.]

IKATERE (myth.), the tutelary deity of fishes. One version says that he was the son of Punga, the son of Tangaroa, Lord of Ocean. He fled with his children the fish, to the sea, to escape the wrath of Tawhiri-matea—P. M., 4. [See Tangaroa.] Another legend states that Ikatere was the son of Whatitiri and Tu-te-wanawana. He was brother of Ruahine, the god of eels—A. H. M., i. App. Cf. ika, fish; tere, to float, drift; swift.

IKA-WHENUA., a lizard: Mahi ahuahu karakia ikawhenua ai. [See the myth of Punga, &c., P. M., 4.] Cf. ika, fish; whenua, land.

IKAWHIRO, an old warrior. [See Whiro (myth.)]

IKE, IKEIKE, high, lofty. Cf. paikeike, to elevate; Kàike, high, lofty; poike, to place aloft; tiketike, lofty, high; kiekie, the name of a climbing or trailing plant (Bot. Freycinetia banksii). [See Hawaiian.]

Whaka-IKE, to raise.

IKE, to strike with a hammer or other heavy instrument. [Note.—Unlikely as at first sight appears, the above meanings of ike seem in the comparatives to be so associated with kiekie (a plant from the leaf-fibre of which native cloth was once made,) as to be inseparable.]

Hawaiian—ie, canvas (ie nani, fine linen; lole ie, white cotton cloth); (b.) a vine used in making baskets; also used in decorating their persons; (c.) a material braided into hats by the women; (d.) a stick used in beating kapa (tapa = native cloth): (e.) to insult, provoke, pick a quarrel; (f.) flexible, limber, like cloth, or a vine; ieie, the leaves of the ie, formerly used in decorating the gods of Hawaii, generally made into wreaths; (b.) to be decorated with leaves, to be dressed in wreaths; hooieie, to be ennobled, to be dignified; (b.) proud, pompous; light-minded; vainglorious; (c.) to be quarrelsome.

Samoan—i‘e, the mallet for beating out the bark; ‘ie, the name of fine native mats which are used much as money is, and constitute the most valuable property of Samoans; ‘ie‘ie, a rag of cloth; (b.) a species of creeper (Freycinetia), used for making fishtraps. Cf. i‘etosi, a mallet with grooves, for beating out the bark of the paper mulberry, and making tutuga (a kind of cloth).

Tahitian—ie, the mallet used for beating cloth; (b.) a boat's or ship's sail of any sort; ieie, the fibrous roots of the plant farapepe, used for tying fences, making baskets, &c.; faa-ie, to get a cloth-mallet; faa-ieie, to act in a vain, foppish manner.

Marquesan—ike, a piece of wood for beating native cloth. Cf. kaie, proud, haughty.

Tongan—ike, a beater used in making native cloth.

Mangarevan—ike, the mallet for beating out cloth from papyrus. Cf. ikei, to raise oneself; to appear.

Paumotan—eike, a mallet for beating out tapa (native cloth); ikeike, to adorn; (b.) pleasant, gracious; faka-ikeike, to carry one's head high.

Mangaian—ike, a mallet for beating out cloth: No te ike tangi reka e papa i tua; Softly sounds the cloth-beating mallet o'er the sea.

Ext. Poly.: Fiji—cf. ike, the short thick stick for beating bark into cloth.

[Lest ie be the proper word, and the k excrescent (as ike or kie), see full comparatives of Kiekie.]

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IKEMOKE (or Ikimoke,) restless, uneasy. Cf. moke, a solitary person.

IKI, to consume, devour. Cf. toiki, a tree charred by fire. 2. To pull up, as a shrub, or a fishing line. Cf. hiki, to lift up; a charm for raising fish.

Hawaiian—cf. ii, a person hard-hearted, cruel, and selfish.

IKIMOKE. [See Ikemoke.]

IKOA, a name—South Island for ingoa. [See Ingoa.]

IKUIKU, the eaves of a house. Cf. hiku, the tail of a fish, the rear of an army, tip of a leaf, &c. [See Tongan.]

Tongan—cf. ikuiku, the ends or tails of anything: iku, the end, the tail of animals.

Mangaian—cf. iku, the tail.

INA, denoting emphatic assent: certainly; to be sure: Ka mea etehi, ‘He atua koa—ina te ahua’—P. M., 19. 2. Calling attention. Cf. na, a word used to call attention; nana, see! 3. For, since, inasmuch as: Ina hoki i pouri tonu te rangi me te whenua i mua—P. M., 7. 4. Equal to tena in calling a person. 5. When. Cf. inahea, when?

Samoan—ina, When (of past time only): Ina ua latou vaai atu i le alii; When they saw the lord.

Hawaiian—ina, used in an imperative inviting sense: Come on; let us do (something): Ina kakou, e hana kakou i kulanakauhale; Go to; let us build a town. (b.) For indeed (with no); O that! I wish that: Ina i haawiia mai ka make no kakou i ka lima o Iehowa; Would to God we had died by the hand of the Lord.

Mangaian—ina, Behold! E ina, tei vaitaia au ia koe; Behold, I am with you.

Tahitian—cf. inaha, Behold! na, lo, behold!

INAHEA, an interrogative of past time: When? Cf. ina, when; hea, what time; inakuara, a little time ago; nonahea, from what time? when?

Samoan—anafea, when (of past time). Cf. ina, when (of past time only); fea, where.

Hawaiian—inahea: Inahea hoi ko lakou poho loa ana ilalo pela; How had they fallen to such a depth of infamy?

Tongan—anefe, when (of past time only). Cf. ane, a particle relating to past time; anebo, last night.

Marquesan—inehea, when.

Aniwan—enaia, when.

Mangaian—inaea, when (of the past).

INAIANEI (inàianei), just now; to-day (of past time only, but not far off): E ka whaki atu au ki a koe inaianei, ne ?—P. M., 12. Cf. ina, when; aianei, now, to-day; nei, denoting position near the speaker; tenei, this; inake, not long since, nonaianei (of time past), just now, to-day; inakuanei, just now, to-day; inamata, formerly.

Samoan—cf. ina, when, of past time only; nei, now; this.

Tahitian—cf. aauanei, to-day, shortly (of future); aenei, implying action just gone by; nauanei, to-day (past).

Hawaiian—cf. aianei, there, not far off; aenei, now, about this time.

Tongan—cf. anenaini, just this moment past; ane, a particle, expressing past time.

Mangaian—cf. auenei, by-and-by, shortly.

Marquesan—cf. nei, here, now.

INAINA, to bask, to warm oneself: Inaina noa ake ki te ra i whiti nei—M. M., 189. Cf. paina, to warm oneself; hina, grey, hoary; the moon; hinatore, to twinkle; inatore, an ignis-fatuus, will-o'-the-wisp.

Samoan—cf. inainà, to be full to repletion; maina, to shine (of fire); masina, the moon; sina, white.

Tahitian—inaina, to take off the hair of a pig by scalding, or by singeing over a fire. Cf. mainaina, pain of mind, or anguish, caused by anger or displeasure; to feel anger.

Hawaiian—inaina, anger, or hatred: O ka nalu o ka inaina: The surf of angry feelings. (b.) The reddish evacuation which precedes labour (parturition): I ka inaina o ka lani; Because of the travail of the chief. Hoo-ina, and hoo-inaina, to cause hatred, to stir up anger, to provoke.

Mangarevan—inaina, to warm oneself; (b.) a torch; aka-inaina, to warm; to dry anything in the sun or by the fire. Cf. maìna, the moon.

Moriori—inaina, to scorch.

Paumotan—inaina, to be in a fury; faka-inaina, to provoke, curage. Cf. hinahina, indignation; kahina, bright, as the moon.

INAKA, the name of a tree (Bot. Dracophyllum longifolium).

INAKE, not long since; the other day. [For comparatives, see Ina.]

INAKI, to throng upon, to crowd, to pack closely. Cf. ki, full. 2. To thatch, to cover over with overlapping layers or rows. 3. To interrupt a speaker and cut his speech short. 4. To fall back on reserves, or come up as a reserve force.

Samoan—cf. inaina‘i, the main body of an army; ina‘ilau, a row of thatch; one width of thatch, put on from the bottom to top of a house.

INAKUANEI, just now; to-day (in past time). Cf. akuanei, to-day, presently (of future). [For comparatives, see Ina, and Akuanei.]

INAKUARA, a little while ago. Cf. inakuanei, just now; nonakuara, a little while ago; inamata, formerly.

INAMATA, formerly. Cf. nonamata, a long time ago; inanahi, yesterday. 2. Immediately: E haere ana ki te pehi, inamata e haua ana ki te patu—P. M., 92.

INAMOKI (or Hinamoki,) a kind of rat. Ext. Poly.: Murray Island—cf. mokis, a rat.

INANAHI, yesterday: He aha tè whakaotia ai e koutou inanahi, inaianei ?—Eko., v. 14. Cf. inapo, last night; nonanahi, yesterday; inaianei, just now (past); ahiahi, evening.

Samoan—ananafi, yesterday: Auà o i tatou o tagata ananafi; We are but men of yesterday.

Tahitian—ananahi, yesterday, or tomorrow, according to the way it is mentioned; i-ananahi, yesterday; also ninahi, and nanahi: I nanahi mai hoi oe na; Whereas you came but yesterday.

Hawaiian—inehinei, and ineihinei, yesterday; also nehi, and nehinei: Ua ike io no au inehinei i ke koko; Surely I saw the blood yesterday.

Tongan—aneafi, yesterday: Aneafi i hono fitu oe feituulau nae mahui ae mofi iate ia; Yesterday, at the seventh hour, the fever left him. Cf. ane, a particle expressing past time; anebo, last page 105 night; aneheafi, the day before yesterday; efiafi, the afternoon, evening.

Marquesan—inenahi, yesterday.

Mangarevan—inenahi, yesterday.

Paumotan—inanahi, yesterday. Cf. inanahiatu, the day before yesterday.

Futuna—nanafi, yesterday.

Mangaian—nanai, yesterday.

Ext. Poly.: Sikayana—cf. senanafi, yesterday; nanafi, yesterday; Solomon Islands—cf. lafi, yesterday.

INANA (inanà), a word calling attention: Ka mea atu te mokai ra ‘Inana!’—P. M., 98. [See Ina.]

INANGA (sometimes Hinanga,) the name of a very small fresh-water fish (Icth. Galaxias attenuatus): Kei te hao inanga—P. M., 154. (Myth.) They sprang from the mantle of Ngatoro-i-rangi, shaken over the water. [See Ngatoro.] 2. A kind of greenstone (jade) of a light colour.

Samoan—inaga, the name of the fry of a small fresh-water fish.

Hawaiian—hinana, the name of a very small fish, the young of the oopu (?=Maori kokopu).

Tahitian—inaa, the small fry of fish.

Marquesan—inaka, the name of a small fish.

Mangarevan—inaga, the name of a kind of small fish.

INANGETO, quickly.

INAOAKE, two days ago. Cf. inaoakewake, several days ago; nonaoake, the day before yesterday.

INAOAKENUI, three days ago. Cf. inaoake, two days ago; nonaoakenui, three days ago.

INAOAKEWAKE, several days ago. Cf. inaoake, two days ago; inaoakenui, three days ago.

INAPO (inapò), last night: I riria ai koe e ia inapo—Ken., xxxi. 42. Cf. po, night; inanahi, yesterday; nonapo, last night.

Samoan—anapo (anapò), last night.

Tahitian—napo, last night.

Hawaiian—cf. napo, to set, to go down, as the sun.

Tongan—anebo, last night. Cf. anehebo, some day past; aneafi, yesterday.

Mangarevan—inepo, last night.

Paumotan—cf. inaruki, last night (ruki, night, darkness). [For full comparatives, see Ina, and Po.]

INATI, severe. Cf. nati, to pinch, contract, throttle.

INATORE, the ignis-fatuus, or will-o'-the-wisp. Cf. hinatore, to twinkle, glimmer; tore, to burn; inaina, to bask. [For comparatives, see Hina, and Tore.]

INAWHAI, INAWHEKE, not long since. [See comparatives of Ina, when.]

INEI, is it so? [See Nei.]

INOHI, the scale of a fish. Cf. ngohi, a fish; unahi, a fish-scale.

INOI, to beg, pray; prayer; entreaty; praying: Ko ana kai he mea inoi nana i te po—A. H. M., i. 155: Me te karakia inoi ki te mana o Tu—A. H. M., i. 35. Cf. noi, to be high up, elevated. [See Hawaiian.]

Samoan—cf. fa‘a-noi, to ask permission; to raise the hand to strike, or as threatening to do so. [This is a synonym of fa‘a-poi, to venerate, stand in awe of.—Pratt.]; inoino, to demand, to examine.

Hawaiian—cf. noi, to beg, to beseech, to ask, as in prayer; noiau, wisdom; skill; to be wise; noili, skill, skill in the use of language.

Tongan—cf. hinoi, to inspect, to criticise; to direct, to give instruction; faka-hinohino, to lead, guide, direct; guidance, direction; faka-hinohinoi, to inform an adopted child of its real parents; faka-noi, to press, urge, incite.

Marquesan—inoi, to beg, to beg for, to ask, implore.

Mangarevan—inoi, to demand; inoiinoi, to importune; inoiraga, a demand.

Paumotan—cf. nonoi, to protest, complain; to invoke; to overawe. Exp. Poly.:

Motu—cf. nonoi, to beg.

INONIRA, behind.

INU, to drink: Ka hoatu e ia te wai ki a Hinemoa, ka inumia—P. M., 131. Cf. unu, to drink; wheinu, thirsty; hiainu, thirsty; tohunuhunu, oily.

IINU, to drink frequently.

Whaka-INU, to give drink to. 2. An incantation over a new fishing net, the first time it is used.

Samoan—inu, to drink: O lè inu i le amio leaga e pei o le vai; Who drinks up wickedness like water. Fa‘a-inu, to give to drink, to cause to drink: plural, feinu: pass. inumia: redup. inuinu. Cf. inu:suasu, to drink by lapping; inumaga, a draught, a drink; inusami, to rain heavily, so as to as to cause a splashing of the water (lit. “to drink salt water”).

Tahitian—inu, to drink; drink of any kind: Aita a‘era hoi e tia ia ratou ia inu i taua pape tahe ra; They could not drink of the water of the river.

Marquesan—inu, to drink.

Hawaiian—inu, to drink; any liquid for drinking: Inu a ka manu i ke kai-ula; The birds drink in the red sea. Hoo-inu, to give drink to, to water, as a flock. Cf. pawaiinu, a drinking trough for cattle.

Tongan—inu, to drink; a beverage: E fua foki hoo vai ki he inu; You shall also drink water by measure.

Mangarevan — inu, to drink; inuinu, to drink continuously; aka-inu, to eat liquid poi (paste) by handfuls; aka-ainu, to make to drink, to give to drink.

Mangaian—inu, to drink; also unu: Kia inu Tane i te vai kea ra, è; So that Tane may drink the living water.

Futuna—inu, to drink.

Rotuma—inu, to drink. Exp. Poly.: Cf.

Motuinua, to drink;

Malayminum, and pinum, to drink;

Sikayanaunu, to drink;

Magindanoaminum, to drink;

Javanginum, to drink;

Pampangminum, to drink;

Tagalominom, to drink; Duke of York's Island—inim, to drink.

INUKOROKORO, a lazy fellow, one who likes eating better than work, a “loafer.” Cf. inu, to drink; korokoro, the throat.

INGO, to incline towards, to turn towards.

INGOINGO, sharp-pointed. 2. A young eel.

Whaka-INGOINGO, whimpering, sobbing peevishly. Cf. koroingoingo, puling, whimpering; koingo, yearning, fretting.

Samoan — igo, to be wearied with, to be tired of; fa‘a-igoigo, to be wearied of.

Hawaiian—ino, to punish, to make sad; inoino, to grieve, to make sad (? Maori kino); (b.) to be very tempestuous, as the sea.

Tongan — igo, displeasure; to be vexed, or displeased.

Mangarevan—aka-igoigo, to pout, to look cross on account of having to leave one's house, or of searching fruitlessly. Cf. tukuakaigoigo, to pout.

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INGOA, a name: Ko tetahi ingoa ona ko Tu-te-wanawana, e rua ona ingoa—P. M., 9. Also Ikoa. [See Marquesan.]

Samoan—igoa, a name: O ai ea lona igoa, o ai foi le igoa o lona atalii ? What is his name, and what is his son's name? Fa‘a-igoa, to name, to give a name to. Cf. igoàpo, a watchword in war; lèigoa, to be unnamed.

Tahitian—ioa, a name: To oe ioa rahi e te mata‘uhia; Your great and terrible name.

Hawaiian—inoa, a name of a person, place, or thing: Elua inoa i kapaia ma ka mokupuni; An island has two names.

Tongan—higoa, a name, a designation: Bea e ikai hano higoa i he hala; He shall have no name in the path. Faka-higoa, to name, to designate: Bea naa ne fakahigoa ae kolo ki he higoa o hono foha; He called the town after the name of his son.

Marquesan—ikoa, a name; also inoa: Koia hoki ia te ikoa; That was certainly the name.

Moriori—ingo, name: Ko Rangimata ta ingo o ra waka; ‘Rangimata’ was the name of that canoe.

Rarotongan—ingoa, name: Mate ingoa o tona taeake e mate; In the name of his dead brother.

Mangarevan—igoa, a name: Tona igoa ko atua Tane; His name is the god Tane. Aka-igoa, to name, to call by a name.

Futuna—igoa, name: Kitapu tiau igoa, Hallowed be thy name.

Aniwan—cf. neigo, name.

Paumotan—igoa, a name.

IO (myth.), God, the Supreme Being: Ko te tino Atua ko lo, nana i hanga te whenua me te rangi—A. H. M., ii. 4; see also L. P., 132 (with incantation). Cf. Iho-o-te-rangi, P. M., 102. Io begat Io-nuku, who begat Io-rangi, who begat Tawhito-te-raki, &c.—A. H. M., i. 32. 2. Power, force, energy, mental or physical (one auth). 3. The soul. 4. Life. Cf. Io-wahine, the name of the first woman. 5. A twitching or bodily uneasiness, a sign of the presence of a god; to twitch thus: Ki te mea ka Io i te pokohiwi he taha—A. H. M., ii. 5. [See Takiri.] 6. Fish cut into strips, and dried in a native oven. 7. In the Moriori genealogy, Tiki begat Uru, Uru begat Ngangana, Ngangana begat Io, Io begat Io-rangi, &c.

IOIO, hard. Cf. iho, hard; that wherein the strength of a thing consists. 2. Obstinate. 3. Aching from weariness.

Samoan—cf. io, a long strip of fish or flesh.

Mangaian—io, a god: Te Io! i Te Io ra e kikino è! Ah, that god! that bad god! The god Motoro was called Te Io Ora, “The Living God,” because he would allow no living sacrifice upon his altars. This was in distinction from Rongo, and other gods called Io-mate, to whom human beings were offered up. (b.) The soul, the spirit: Mea po te atua oi te io tangata; If the divinity please, man's spirit must yield. (c.) The pith or core of a tree. [See Maori Iho.]

Hawaiian—cf. io, truth, reality, real; truly, verily; iu, sacred, a sacred place; iuiu, to be afar off, high up; to live in some sacred place; a place supposed to be afar off or high up above the earth, or beneath the ocean, sacred as the dwelling-place of God; poiu, grand, or solemn; Iao, Jupitor, when morning star.

Tahitian—Ihoiho, the Supreme Being: “In the beginning there was nothing but the god Ihoiho; afterwards there was an expanse of waters which covered the abyss, and the god Tinotaata floated on the surface.” This ancient legend is given by M. de Bovis, Annuaire des Etablissements Francais de l'Oceanie, Papeete, 1863, p. 95. Cf. ioio, handsome, brilliant; variegated; hoioio, diffidence, fear of a superior; puaioio, a handsome blossom, a handsome person; ao, Heaven, blessedness, the state of the blessed.

Tongan—cf. aoao, supreme, the sovereign.

Mangarevan—cf. aka-ioio, to weave a mat ingeniously; to cut wood into small pieces; to make feeble or thin.

Ext. Poly.: Motu—cf. iahu, a woman who is sacred, and who performs certain rites during the absence of voyagers to ensure their safe return.

IONUKU (myth.), the firstborn of the deity Io. Ionuku begat Iorangi, who begat Tahito-te-raki (“Ancient of Heaven.”) [See Io, and Tawhito.]

IOTAHAE, a twitching or jerking in the body, a sign of the presence of the god Io: Te Io-tahae he tohu aitua, mate ranei, ora ranei—A. H. M., ii. 4. [See Io.]

IOWAHINE (myth.), the first woman. She was made by Tane, and given to Tiki-au-aha, the first man. They had six children—A. H. M., i. 158.

IPO, pertaining to love: He puhi koe naku, he ipo ki te moenga—M. M., 30. Cf. whaiaipo, to be in love; a sweetheart.

Samoan—fa‘a-ipoipo, to perform the marriage ceremony (an introduced word).

Tahitian—ipo, a darling, one made much of; (b.) a lump of breadfruit; to make a lump of mahi (dough); faa-ipo, the name of a goddess; (b.) the name of a tree; faa-ipoipo, to marry: E faaipoipo noa‘tu ratou i ta ratou e hinaaro ra; Let them marry those whom they like best.

Rarotongan—aka-ipoipo, to marry: Kia akaipoipo aia i tetahi vaine no reira; To take a wife belonging to that place.

Hawaiian—ipo, to cohabit before marriage, or without marriage; a paramour; a sweetheart: E hoo-wahawaha mai no kou mau ipo ia oe; Your lovers will despise you. Hoo-ipo, to woo, to court, to solicit the affections of one, applied to either men or women; (b.) to cohabit secretly; hoo-ipoipo, making lascivious gestures while eating (A me ka ahaaina hooipoipo,) at lascivious feasts. Cf. upo, to covet, to lust after; apo, to embrace, hold; moeipo, a fornicator, an adulterer.

Marquesan—ipoipo, said of two persons who love one another.

Mangarevan—ipo, married. Cf. ipora, to receive anyone or anything with outstretched arms.

Paumotan—faka-ipoipo, to marry.

IPU, a calabash, vessel: Ka ki nga ipu i nga koko—P. M., 35. Cf. ipurimu, a bottle made of seaweed. 2. A pool, hollow. Cf. kapu, the hollow of the hand. 3. Concave.

Samoan—ipu, a cup: Ua latou toe foi mai ma a latou ipu i le iio; They returned with empty cups. Cf. ipu‘ava, the cup for serving out ‘ava (an intoxicating drink); mata pu, the top half of a cocoanut shall; ‘apu, a cup, dish.

Tahitian—ipu, a cup, a vessel. Cf. aibu, a cup; abu, the shell of the cocoanut, gourd, &c.; a concave or hollow, as abu-rima, the hollow of the hand; (Cf. Maori kapu, hollow of the hand, and to drink out of the palm of page 107 the hand;) taaipu, a spoon, ladle; to skim; taipu, to bale or ladle with an ipu.

Hawaiian—ipu, a general name for all gourds, calabashes, melons, &c.; (b.) a general name for all small containers, as a cup, mug, bowl, box, &c.: Ka wahine i ka ipu-wai; The woman with the water-bowl: Huai mai la Kahiki i ko ipu makani; Tahiti (or Distance), thou didst open thy wind-box. Cf. ipuai, a vessel (calabash) for containing food; ipumaka, a melon; ipulaau, a wooden vessel; hipu, a bag for carrying small things in; apu, a cup made of cocoanut shell for drinking awa; aibu, or aipu, a cup.

Tongan—ibu, the general name for earthenware vessels: Koia teu age ai ki ho nima a ene ibu aana; I will give her cup into your hand. Cf. ibuinu, a vessel to drink from, a cup or mug; ibu-jiota, a glass vessel; ebu, to drink; kabu, the banana leaf, so folded as to hold water.

Marquesan—ipu, and ipuipu, any vessel to drink from: Te efa ipuipu, a te efa ipuipu; The four bowls, and the four bowls. Cf. ipuoho, the cranium, brain-pan.

Rarotongan—cf. kapu, a cup.

Mangarevan—ipu, a calabash: Kai tana ki a kai o to te mau ipu; He ate the food in the calabash. Aka-ipu, a sore that gathers and suppurates.

Futuna—ipu, a cup.

IPUIPU, footsore.

Mangarevan—cf. aka-ipu, a sore that gathers and suppurates.

IPURIMU, a bottle or vessel made of seaweed. Cf. ipu, a vessel, a calabash; rimu, seaweed. [For comparatives, see Ipu, and Rimu.]

IRA (myth.), the name of the ancestor of the Ngati-ira tribe. He was a son of Uenuku, a great chief of the East Cape. Ira was fed on the heart of his mother—Col., Trans., xiv. 8.

IRA, IRAIRA, marks on the skin: freckles, moles, warts, &c. Cf. iramata, a speck in the eye. 2. A birth-mark.

Samoan—ila, a mother's mark; a mark in the skin; (b.) a defect; ilaila, spotted; to be spotted. Cf. ilamea, a disease of infants.

Tahitian—ira, a mole or mark on the skin. Cf. irava, a stripe, streak, or layer; eira, a mole or natural spot on the skin.

Hawaiian—ila, and ilaa, a dark spot on the skin.

Tongan—ila, a mark, a spot on the body; ilaila, spotted, streaked.

Marquesan—ia, a mark on the skin; a stain or birth-mark on the skin.

Mangarevan—ira, a skin disease; black spots on the skin.

Paumotan—cf. heira, a skin disease, an eruption.

IRAMATA, a speck in the eye. Cf. ira, a spot; mata, the eye. [For comparatives, see Ira, and Mata.]

IRAMUTU (iràmutu), a nephew or niece: Ka tupu i konei a Tuhuruhuru te iramutu o Rupe—P. M., 41.

Samoan—ilamutu (ilàmutu), cousins; the relationship sustained by the children of a sister to the children of her brother after the brother and sister are dead; (b.) a father's sister.

Hawaiian —cf. ilamuku, an officer whose business it was to enforce the orders of a chief or judge; an executioner; a destroyer.

Tongan—ilamutu, a nephew, or niece: Bea toko tolugofulu hono ilamutu; He had thirty nephews.

Marquesan—iamutu, a nephew, niece.

Mangarevan—iramutu, a nephew or niece.

IRATUROTO (myth.), a son of Tura. He rescued his father, and tried to recover him in his last illness. [See Tura.]

IRAWARU (myth.), the father or tutelary deity of all dogs. He was the husband of Hina, the sister of Maui. Irawaru and Maui went out fishing together; and Maui, being displeased with his brother-in-law, by enchantment turned him into a dog. On Hina questioning Maui as to the whereabouts of her husband, Maui told her to call “Moi! Moi!” whereupon the poor dog ran up, and Hina, learning the truth, threw herself into the sea—P. M., 32. The South Island version differs somewhat. (See Wohl., Trans., vii. 40.) Irawaru is also called Owa, and was the father of Pero (dog). Hina as Owa's wife is named Ihiihi—A. H. M., ii. 77, 86, 119, and i., App.: A different version, M. S., 115.

IRI, to hang, to be suspended: Ko nga iwi o to raua matua e iri ana i runga i te whare—P. M., 48. Cf. moiri, suspended over; tairi, the place where the sun “hangs” in the afternoon; were, to be suspended. 2. To yearn after, long for: Taku manawa ka irihia nei—A. H. M., ii. 3. 3. To lift up, to keep lifted up: Hikitia, Tangaroa, ha! hapainga ha! kia iri ha!—M. S., 168.

Whaka-IRI, to hang up, suspend: O ko nga iwi, ka whakairia ki runga ki te whare. 2. The head of a slain enemy when dried and hung up, or placed on a pole, as a mark of derision; to hang up thus: Kia whakairia koe i runga o Waiwhetu—S. T., 182.

Tahitian—iri, to lodge, or stick up, in a thing or place; faa-iri, to cause a thing to be lodged or placed; to use or put up a board for any purpose.

Hawaiian—ili, to strike, rub, or scrape on the ground: as a canoe to run aground: the stranding of a ship: Ili iho la ka halelana; The vessel stranded. (b.) To come upon one, as a blessing or a curse; (c.) to fall to one, as an inheritance: A ili mai no ia no na keiki; It became the heritage of the children. Hoo-ili, to cause one to inherit; (b.) to bring upon one, as evil; (c.) to lade, as a beast of burden; hoo-iliili, to collect, gather, as fruits of harvest, fuel, &c.; to lay up, to heap together.

Tongan—ili, what is reserved or kept for reproduction; faka-ili, seed.

Paumotan—iri, to be put up in a place, to lodge.

Rarotongan—ri, to hang, to hang up: Kua karanga atura te ariki, ‘Ka ri iaia i runga’; The king said, ‘Hang him up.’

Ext. Poly.: Malay—cf. iri, a rack, a manger.

Java—cf. iris, to carve.

IRIIRI, to perform ceremonies over a new-born child: I ahua ai hei tuahu mo te tamaiti i te wa i iriiri ai—A. H. M., v. 66. [See also Tua, and Toto.] Hence: 2. To baptise.

Tahitian—cf. uhiairi, a ceremony, performed when the naval string is cut.

Hawaiian—cf. ili, to lay upon one, to make responsible; the descent of property from parents to children.

IRINGATAU, the name of a bird, the Silver-Eye (Orn. Zosterops cœrulescens).

IRIRANGI, having a divine sound.

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IRO, a maggot, fly-blow; a thread-worm: Iro te iro, homai kia kainga—Prov.: Ka puta nga iro o Tutakahinahina ki reinga—Wohl., Trans., vii. 32. [See comparatives of Miro, to rub.]

Samoan—ilo, a worm or maggot in putrid flesh or ulcers: E liloia foi i laua ilo; The maggots shall cover them. Cf. filo, a thread. Tahitian-iro, a maggot, a worm. Ct.hiro, to spin, twist; airoiro, small maggots; small fibrous roots of plants.

Hawaiian—ilo, a maggot, a worm: Ua paapu ko‘u kino i ka ilo; My flesh is covered with maggots. (b.) A worm consuming vegetables; (c). worms of various kinds; iloilo, wormy, full of worms.

Tongan —cf. elo, putrid, stinking; filofilo, to twist, as a thread.

Mangarevan—iro, maggots; (b.) worms in the body, or in animals. Cf. hiro, to twist; iroi, to roll about, to make contortions; irokopapa, worms in breadfruit paste.

Ext. Poly.: Motu—cf. uloulo, maggots.

Fiji—cf. uloulo, maggots.

Whaka-IRO, to carve, to adorn with carving; carved, ornamented: Ko te tupuna tenei o te iwi mohio ki te whakairo, o Ngatikahungunu—G.-8., 29. [For origin of wood carving, see Ruapupuke.] The word is sometimes used for stone carving: Kohatu whakapakoko, kohatu whakairo. (Cf. iro, maggots, worms; perhaps through some fanciful resemblance between carving and worm-eaten wood?) 2. Tattooed: Te tohu o Manaia i kitea ai, ko tetahi wahi o te ringa, he mea whakairo—P. M., 94.

Whaka-IROIRO, to carve; carved. 2. Variegated; striped with colours. 3. To deal crookedly, to deceive. Cf. whàiro, to be dimly seen; imperfectly understood.

Samoan—fa‘a-ilo, to make known, to show; fa‘a-iloga, a mark, a sign; to mark, distinguish. Hawaiian-hoo-iloilo, and hoiloilo, to predict, to guess, to tell beforehand. Cf. hoilo, wintry, the winter months.

Tongan—iro, knowledge, understanding; to know; to find; to discern; iloga, a sign, mark; iloilo, prudent, to act prudently; faka-ilo, to discover, reveal; to promise; faka-iloilo, to distinguish; to know; to call to mind; faka-iloga, a sign, a mark, a proof; to signify. Cf. ilohele, cunning, as a bird that knows the snare; tairo, to mark, to point out, to select; tairoiro, a soothsayer; to foretell.

Mangarevan — akairoga, a mark, a sign, to mark; (b.), a small man.

Mangaian—cf. tairo, to mark, to take notice.

Aniwan—iro, to know; faka-iro, to teach: Tomotua kei fakairo; Able to teach.

Paumotan—faka-iro, to aim at a mark; (b.) to domineer, to subdue. Cf. tairo, to mark, to stamp.

Moriori—hoko-airo, to carve.

ITA, tight, fast, secure. Cf. kita, tightly, fast; ngita, firm, secure. [For comparatives, see Kita.]

Whaka-ITA, to hold fast, to restrain. For comparatives, see Kita.]

ITAU, a girdle for the waist. Cf. hitau, a small waist-mat; whitau, the prepared fibre of flax (Phormium); tau, the string of a garment.

ITAUPA, an interjection expressing “There, you see!” or “Very well, then.”

ITI, ITIITI, small: I rite ahau ki ia manu, ki ia manu—manu iti—manu rahi—P. M., 21. Cf. meroiti, small; maitiiti, a youth, a young man; whàiti, narrow; kuiti, narrow; riki, small [see Tongan]; tamaiti, a child; potiki, a child [see Tahitian and Marquesan]. Whaka-ITI, to abase, to humiliate.

Samoan—itiiti, small, little: Ua lagona ai foi o‘u taliga nai mea itiiti; My ear heard of small things. Fa‘a-itiiti, to make smaller, to diminish; to abridge. Cf. to‘aitiiti, few persons; laitiiti, small.

Tahitian—iti, small, little: E iti â tena, o tau tane, i ravehia e oe na? Is it a small thing that you have taken away my husband? (b.) Slender; itiiti, very little; diminished; faa-iti, to reduce, to diminish in size; to lessen in rank or influenc; faa-itiiti, to diminish by little and little, to reduce by degrees. Cf. oiti, a small, contracted passage; a small place, a little corner; paiti, to gather small things; potiti, small, diminutive; puiti, small.

Hawaiian—iki, small, diminutive; a little: E unu iki ae paha ka pono; To help a little perhaps will be well. (b.) Not at all; (c.) nearly: Ike iki lakou ia ia e pai wale mai ana no iluna o ka ilikai; He just saw him rising above the surface of the sea. Ikiiki, confinedness, straitness, want of room; (b.) severe pain; panting for breath; strangulation; (c.) close and hot, as the confined air of a crowed room; (d.) tight, as a bandage; hoo-iki, to make small; spare; to hold back. Cf. haiki, narrow; pinched for room; suffering from want of food; desolate; to be bereaved; keiki, a child, a descendant; the young of animals.

Tongan—iki, small (not the regular letter-change, as in Hawaiian); faka-ikiiki, to cut into small pieces. Cf. ikimoa, to tear in pieces; oneiki, fine sand; jii, small, little; tamajii, a little boy.

Marquesan—iti, little; a few. Cf. poiti, a little boy.

Mangarevan—iti, small; a little: E ora koe i te tagata iti? Will you be saved by a small man? Aka-iti, to diminish; aka-itiiti, to make very small. Cf. aiti, narrow, strait; kiki, children, little ones; kui-iti, an aunt (“little mother”); teiti, a child, infant; the pupil of the eye, place of vision (as in English, “looking babies in her eyes”?); teitiiti, a new-born child.

Aniwan—cf. sisi, small. (Cf. the Tongan jii, small.)

Rarotongan—iti, smal: E riri iti oki toku; I was a little displeased. Cf. meangiti, small.

Ext. Poly.: Aneityum—cf. isjisji, light rain. The following words mean “small”:—Malagasy, kitikia; Eddystone Island, itiki; Malay, chi; Bouton, kidikidi; Ternate, ichiichi; Wahai, kiiti; Bajan, didiki; New Britain, ik; Lepers’ island, biti; Fate, kiki; San Cristoval, (Fagani,) kikirii.

ITIITI (myth.), a sister of Rupe. She went with other of Tinirau's people to the capture of Kae. Itiiti might be a name of Hina, (Maui and Rupe having no other sister that we know of,) but Hina's name, as Hine-i-te-iwaiwa, is mentioned as that of one of the same party—P.M., 57; A. H. M., i. 85. [See Kae.]

ITO, an object of revenge: Ka huihui mai nga iwi ki te matakitaki ta ratou ito—P. M., 152, Cf. uto, revenge; object of revenge; utu, satisfaction for injuries received.

Tahitian—cf. ito, to be watchful, active; itoito, stimulating, arousing; aito, mischievous, fierce, warlike; faa-aito, to make equal to a measure.

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ITUPAOA, ITUPAWA (myth.), a god brought by the Maori from Hawaiki.—P. M., 102. It was preserved at Mokoia, in Lake Rotorua.—Ika, 31: M. S., 171.

IWA, nine: Na ka tatau ano te wahine ra, ka tae ki te iwa — P. M., 51; also iwha (South Island): Hiki, ka wharu, hiki ka iwha—Wohl., Trans., vii. 43.

Samoan—iva, nine: Ua uma masina e iva ma aso e luafulu; At the end of nine months and twenty days.

Tahitian — iva, nine. Also aiva, nine, in counting: E hopoi no na opu e iva; To give to the nine tribes. Aivaiva, great in quantity, abundant.

Hawaiian—iwa, nine. Also aiwa, and eiwa; Auhea la na mea eiwa? Where are the nine?

Tongan—hiva, nine: Bea ke nofo ae vahe e hiva ki he gadhi kolo kehe; And nine parts to dwell in other towns. Cf. hivagofulu, ninety; hivageau, nine hundred.

Rarotongan—iva, nine: Kare aina aia e vaoo i te iva ngauru e iva ara? Does he not leave the ninety and nine?

Mangarevan—iva, nine.

Aniwan—iva,nine (iva ma iva,by nines); faka-iva, ninth.

Futuna—iva, nine. Ext. Poly.: The following words mean “nine”:— Fiji, ciwa (thiwa): (ciwa-sagafula, ninety); Malagasy, sivy; Sulu, siam; Sikayana, siwo; Lampong, siwah; Mame, iva; Magindano, siaou; Pampong, siam; Tagal, siyam; Cajeli, siwa; Massaratty, chia: Amblaw, siwa; Amboyna, siwa; Saparua, siwa; Ceram (four dialects), siwa; Gah, sia; Wahai, sia; Teor, siwer, Mysol, si.

IWI, a bone: Maua ake hoki nga iwi o to raua papa—P. M., 50. Cf. koiwi, a skeleton; whakakiwi, to look aside [see Tongan and Samoan]; iwikore, without strength. 2. A tribe: Ko ia te rangatira o tera Iwi o Waitaha—P.M., 143.

Samoan—‘ivi, a bone: Na tetemu ai o o‘u ‘ivi uma; Which made all my bones shake. (b.) A portion of the back of a cooked pig; (c.) the keel of a canoe; (d.) bony, applied to the eye when covered with a film; ‘i‘ivi, bony. Cf. ‘ivi‘auae, the jaw-bone; ‘ivi‘aso‘aso, the ribs; ‘ivi‘ivima‘a‘a,strong, hard-boned; ‘ivifatafata, the breast-bone; ‘ivifoe, the shoulder-blade; ‘ivitu, the spine; gaugàivi, a joint; tuasivi, the back-bone; a chain of mountains; tuasivivae, the shin.

Tahitian—ivi, a bone of any sort: Eiaha roa hoi to hoe ivi ia fati ia outou; Neither shall you break a bone of it. (b.) A widow: E riro ta outou mau vahine ei ivi; Your wives shall be widows. (c.) One who falls in battle; (d.) a place of ghosts, in or about the mount Mehani, in Raiatea. Haaivi, to pretend to be a widow. Cf. ivitiaio, the spine of any animal; ivituamoo, the spine; tuaivi, the slope of a mountain ridge.

Rarotongan—ivi, a bone: E kua akaki i to ratou au ngai ra ki te ivi tangata; He filled their places with the bones of men. (b.) A tribe. Ct. tuaivi, a hill.

Moriori—imi, a bone.

Futuna—ivi, a bone.

Mangarevan—ivi, a bone; (b.) a fish-bone; (c.) a family; (d.) a genealogy; (e). a parent, relative; (f.) a small hill. Cf. ivitua, the backbone; ivituapa, robust; ivituapu, hunch-backed; ivikaki, the neck-bone; koivi, a bone; the human skeleton.

Hawaiian—iwi, a bone: Holehole iho la lakou i na iwi o Lono; They skinned the bones of Rongo (Captain Cook). (b.) The midrib of a leaf; (c.) the side of an upland hill of kalo (taro); (d.) a cocoanut shell; the rind of sugar-cane; (e.) boundary stones; (f.) any hard, broken material; (g.) (Fig.) near kindred; iwiiwi, poor in flesh, thin (“bony”). Cf. iwialalo, the under jawbone; iwia, the jawbone; iwikanaka, a human bone; iwikuamoo, the backbone; the bones of the back; iwipona, a joint.

Tongan—Cf. ivi, the edge of a plank or board; iviivi, the edges or corners of wood, as of a square log; strong, as one whose veins appear large and full; kivi, suuk, applied to the eyes; blind (ef. Samoan ‘ivi).

Marquesan—ivi, a bone: Te ivi a ke mai una te tai o Havaii; Stretch thy bones hither, over the sea of Hawaiki. (b.) Thin, emaciated: Iviivi koe, You are very thin. Cf. koivi, the body; female; a sow; puivi thin, nothing but bones.

Ext. Poly.: Sikayana — cf. iwi, a bone; Solomon Islands—cf. cwa, a wife.

IWIKAU, extreme leanness. Cf. iwikore, weak; iwingohe, infirm. [For comparatives, see Iwi, and Kau, only.]

IWIKORE, weak, without strength. Cf. iwi, a bone; kore, without; iwikau lean; iwingohe, infirm. [For comparatives, see Iwi, and Kore.]

IWINGOHE, infirm. Cf. iwi, a bone; ngohengohe, flaccid; iwikore, weak. [For comparatives, see Iwi, and Ngohengohe.]

IWIPUPU (myth.), the wife of Tamatea-Pokaiwhenua. She was mother of Kahungunu.—A. H. M., iii. 78.

IWITUARARO, the spine. Cf. iwi, a bone; tua, behind; tuara, the back; iwituaroa, the backbone. [For comparatives, see Iwi, and Tuara.]

IWITUAROA, the spine: Takahia ana e Maui te iwituaroa — P. M., 28. Cf. iwi, a bone; tua, behind; tuara, the back; iwituararo, the spine. [For comparatives, see Iwi, Tua, and Roa.]

IWI-WHENUA, the chief whose power is greatest in the land. Cf. iwi, a bone; a tribe; whenua, land. [For comparatives, see Iwi, and Whenua.]

IWHA, nine. [See Iwa.]