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VIII.—The Classes and the Masses.
The total drawn by the legal disposers of what are sometimes called the "three rents" (on land, capital, and ability), amounts, therefore, at present to about eight hundred and fifty million pounds sterling yearly, or nearly two-thirds of the total produce. The following estimates, framed some years ago, support this view :
Mr. Giffen, "Essays in Finance," Vol. II., p. 467 |
£720,000,000 |
Mr. Mulhall, "Dictionary of Statistics," p. 246 |
818,000,000 |
Professor Leone Levi (King's College, London), Times, 13th January, 1885 |
753,000,000 |
Professor Alfred Marshall (Camb.), "Report on Industrial Remuneration Conference," p. 194 |
675.0. 000 |
The manual-labor class receives, On the other hand, for all its millions of workers, only some five hundred millions sterling :
Mr. Giffen, "Essays in Finance," Vol. II., p. 467 |
550,000,000 |
Mr. Mulhall, "Dictionary' of Statistics," p. 246 |
447,000,000 |
Mr. J. S. Jeans, "Statistical Society's Journal," Vol. XLVIL, p. 631 |
600,000,000 |
Prof. Leone Levi (as above) |
521,000,000 |
Prof. A. Marshall (as above) |
500,000,000* |
P.—Total produce |
£1,350,000,000 |
W.—Income of manual-labor class |
500,000,000 |
Income of the legal proprietors of the three natural monopolies of land, capital, and ability |
£8 50,000,000† |