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The Pamphlet Collection of Sir Robert Stout: Volume 47

Colonial and Foreign trade of England Contrasted

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Colonial and Foreign trade of England Contrasted.

The following figures are from an elaborate paper, by Dr. J. Forbes Watson. The years 1869 and 1876 are selected as presenting analogies, both being years of depression, subsequent on years of great excitement.

Description of Colony. European Population. Total Trade. Trade with England. T'l Trade Trade with England. Per White Inhabitant in Colony. Milns. MiIns. £ £ £ £ Trading Stations....... 7,600 75 14¼ 10,000 2,000 Plantation Colonies..... 100,000 31 16½ 310 160 Agricultural, Pastoraland Mining Colonies—Cape and Natal.... 235,000 11½ 0 49 38 Australasia......... 2,180,000 38 39 42 18 North American Colonies............ 3,750,000 48½ 22 13 6

Population and Trade of the Colonies.

YEAR. EXPORTS OF BRITISH PRODUCE. Percentage of Colonial and Indian Trade.. To Foreign Countries. To British Possessions. Total. Milns. Milns. Milns. £ £ £ Per cent. 141.9 48.1 190.0 25.3 147.8 51.8 199.6 26.0 171.8 51.3 223.1 23.0 195.7 60.6 256.3 23.6 188.8 66.3 255.2 26.0 167.3 72.3 289.6 30.2 152.4 71.1 224.5 31.8 135.8 64.9 200.7 32.3

Exports in Increase or Decrease per cent. 1869. 1876. Milns, Milns. £ £ Apparel and Slops........... to F. countries ... .7 .4 51.8 decrease. to B. possessions.. 1.7 2.7 55.8 increase Haberdashery and mil to F. countries.. 1.6 .9 56.1 decrease. linery............... to B. possessions.. 2.1 2.9 34.5 increase. Total of articles of personal use and attire........... to F. countries .. 3.5 2.3 33.3 decrease. to B. possessions . 6.1 8.5 40.8 increase. Beer and ale............... to F. countries... .6 .4 27.5 decrease. to B. possessions.. 1.3 1.5 14.9 increase. Hardware and cutlery ... to F. countries ... 2.6 2.1 19.6 decrease. to B possessions.. 1.0 1.4 38.6 increase. Total of articles of domestic consumption.......... to F. countries.... 5.3 4.5 15.4 decrease. to B: possessions .. 6.0 8.3 38.7 increase. Total of articles of person-Total exports.... 20.8 23.6 13.5 increase. al use and attire and of to F. countries... 8.8 6.8 22.4 decrease. domestic consumption. to B. possessions.. 12.0 16.8 40.0 increase.

Values and Percentages Exported to Ritish Possessions and Foreign Countries.

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1869. 1876. Comparative Milns. Milns. increase or de- £ £ crease per ct. Total export..... 30.1 31.5 4.6 increase. Plain cotton piece goods.. to F. countries.... 18.7 16.1 14.6 decrease. to B. possessions.. 11.4 15.4 35.8 increase. Total export..... 53.3 51.9 3.6 increase. Total cotton manufactures exclusive of yarn.......... to F. countries... 37.4 32.9 11.9 decrease. to B. possessions.. 15.6 22.0 40.3 increase.

Ditto, the Cotton Trade.

The total industrial production of the United Kingdom is calculated to be £400,-000,000 stg., per annum. 1 he exports are approximately divided as follow.:—
Food and agricultural produce £ 11,750,000
Textile manufactures £ 102,750,000
Other produce and manufactures £76,000,000
Total £200,500,000
Increase or 1869. 1876. decrease. Mlns. Mlns. Mlns. £ £ £ to Foreign countries... 141.9 135.8 6.1 decrease. Gross value of exports......... to British possessions. 48.1 64.9 16.8 increase. Total.................. 190.0 200.7 10.7 increase. Foreign raw material contained in exports calculated in proportion to gross values........... to Foreign countries... 52.3 39.3 13.0 decrease. to British possessions. 17.7 18.7 1.0 increase. Total................ 70.0 58.0 12.0 decrease. to Foreign countries... 89.6 96.5 6.9 increase. Net. value of exports............ to British possessions. 30.4 46.2 15.8 increase. Total................... 120.0 142.7 22.7 increase.

Net and Gross Values to Colonies and Foreign Countries Contrasted.

Net] Imports. 1869. 1876. Mlns. Mlns. £ £ Food....................... 106 .... 159 Raw materials for home consumption........ 38 .... 61 Manufactures..................... 34 .... 41 Total imports................. 178 .... 261 Net Exports 1869. 1876. Mlns Mlns. £ £ Exports of net proceeds of British industries. 102 .... 143 Net value of exports.... 120 .... 143 Balance covered in other ways than by export of manufactures......... 58 .. 118

Balance Sheet of Trade of United Kingdom.

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It thus appears that the net exports nearly corresponds with the amount of food imported—the former being 157 millions sterling in 1676, and the latter 143 millions.

1869. 1876. Milns. Milns. Increase or decrease, per ct. increase. Population...................... 31 ... 33 ... 6 Total imports...................... £243 ... £319. ... 24 " " Imports, exclusive of foreign raw material re-exported in a manufactured condition................... £178 ... £261.. ... 46 " " Imports of food...................... £106 ... £159 ... 50 " " Imports of foreign raw material for manufactures consumed at home..... £38 ... £61 ... 60 " " Imports of foreign manufactures....... £34 ... £41 ... 20 " " Consumption of beer and alcoholic liquors* ...................... £119. ... £143 ... 20 " " Consumption of textile manufactures ........ £50 ... £70.2 ... 41 " " Gross receipts of railways.............. £41 ... £60 ... 61 " " 1889 No of children present in primary school at inspection (Great Britain only).. 1,640,000 ....... 1876 2,831,000 ..... 72 per cent. increase. No. of paupers............... 1,238,000 ....... 928 000 ..... 25 " decrease. * The figures given for 1871 and 1875 respectively.

Table Showing the Changes Which Have Taken Place in the Economic Condition of England in the Period of Eight Years from 1860 to 1876.