Mining.

Professor Ulrich.

1. Breaking down rocks and useful minerals; tools employed in hard and soft ground, in metal and coal mines; various methods of blasting; tools and explosives employed; boring and cutting machines; fire-setting.

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2. Opening of mineral deposits; shafts and adits.

3. Exploitation or the working away of mineral deposits.

4. Modes of securing excavations by timbering, masonry, and tubbing; construction of underground dams.

5. Transportation of mineral and rock along the underground roads, and hoisting or winding them up the shafts; machinery, appliances, safety-cages or parachutes, &c.

6. Modes of gaining access to underground workings.

7. Lighting underground workings; description of the most approved safety lamps.

8. Draining of mines of water; adits, pumps, pumping engines, water-pressure engines.

9. Ventilation of mines, its principles and modes of achievement; natural ventilation, artificial ventilation; various approved ventilators; distributon of air through the workings.

10. The mechanical preparation or dressing of ores; machines and appliances.