This machine could be used to compress air, to drive an air engine, or to work the electric light at any lighthouse, or for other purposes on the sea coast. No difference would be made in the forward motion by the irregularity of the waves. With a cylinder 20 ft. in diameter and 8ft. wave per minute, the machine would be equal to 19 horse-power; and with three waves per minute, each 5 ft., it would give 22 horsepower. It has been favourably reviewed in "The English Mechanic and World of Science" of 22nd October, 1875.

396—Holliday, Captain J., Wellington.

Plan of Wellington Harbour.

Breakwaters.—The breakwaters are formed of rubble stone blasted from the quarries at Naval and Officer's Points, and deposited on the respective sites as shown in the model—the outer slopes of both breakwaters are protected or faced with huge blocks of stone. The Officer's Point, or Eastern Breakwater, is some 2010 feet in length, with a width of 40 feet on top, and having an elevation of 6 feet above high water spring tide. The Naval Point Breakwater is 1400 feet in length. The former breakwater has also a timber breastwork built along its inner face for nearly its entire length—known as the Gladstone Pier.

Water Area Enclosed.—The area of water enclosed within the breakwaters is about 110 acres.

Dredging.—Dredging operations have been proceeding almost uninterruptedly for the past four years, during which period nearly a million and a-half tons of dredged material, consisting of stiff clay and mud, have been removed, at an average cost of 6¼d. per cubic yard. The dredging plant used has been a single ladder dredge and two steam hopper barges, the holding capacity of the latter page 59 being 250 tons each. The dredged material is removed by them to a distance of three and a-half miles, and then deposited. The present depth of water inside the breakwaters and at the wharves varies from 16 feet up to 23 feet at low tide. The rise of tide being about 7 feet, vessels up to 2700 tons can now be safely berthed at the wharves.

Moorings.—Eight sets of Mitchell's patent screw moorings are laid down in the inner harbour, capable of holding vessels up to 2000 tons.

This berthage space is capable of very considerable extension, by the construction of additional jetties.

Expenditure on Harbour Works in Lyttelton.—The total amount expended upon harbour works in Lyttelton is not far short of half a million sterling, which includes the purchase of the dredging plant, and also of a powerful steam tug, built to the special order of the Lyttelton Harbour Board by Messrs. Laird, of Birkenhead.

Railway Lines on Wharves and Jetties.—The whole of the wharves and jetties in Lyttelton have lines of rails laid down upon them, and are worked by the Railway.

Panoramic Photograph of the Harbour of Lyttelton.—A photographic view of the harbour of Lyttelton accompanies the model, and shows the works already carried out by the Lyttelton Harbour Board.

General.—The port of Lyttelton, which is situate on the north-western side of Banks Peninsula, having an opening to the north-east, is the chief seaport town of the Provincial District of Canterbury. This district comprises some 8,693,000 acres, a large proportion of which is fine agricultural land, intersected by lines of railway, some 400 miles in length. The population of Canterbury, by census taken in the early part of the year 1878, was 91,922.

Canterbury Agricultural Statistics for the past Four Years:—

The number of sheep now depastured within the Canterbury District is 3,500,000.

Three years and a-half ago the Lyttelton Harbour Board was constituted, and since that time all matters connected with the harbour have been dealt with by the Board.

Fleet of Steamers Belonging to the Union Steamship Co.

The method adopted by the Designer and Exhibitor is a practical development of Scott Russell's wave-line theory. It is an immense stride forward in yacht designing, as it gives geometrical certainty to what has hitherto been mere matter of taste or rule of thumb.