The Pamphlet Collection of Sir Robert Stout: Volume 14
Import and Export Statistics
Import and Export Statistics.
(Continued from page 148.)
Cotton. | Wool. | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Years. | Imports | Exports | Excess of Imports. | Imports | For. and Col. Exports only. | Excess of Imports. | Years |
Lbs. | Lbs. | Lbs. | Lbs. | Lbs. | Lbs. | ||
1841 | 487,992,355 | 37,673,585 | 450,318,770 | 56,170,974 | 2,553,671 | 53,617,303 | 1841 |
1843 | 673,193,116 | 39,619,979 | 633,573,137 | 49,213,093 | 2,958,413 | 46,284,680 | 1843 |
1845 | 721,979,953 | 42,916,332 | 679,063,621 | 76,313,855 | 2,662,853 | 78,651,002 | 1845 |
1847 | 474,707,615 | 74,954,336 | 399,753,279 | 62,592,588 | 4,809,725 | 57,782,863 | 1847 |
1849 | 755,469,012 | 98,893,508 | 656,575,504 | 76,768,647 | 12,450,497 | 64,318,150 | 1849 |
1851 | 757,379,749 | 111,980,394 | 645,399,355 | 83,311,975 | 13,729,987 | 69,581,988 | 1851 |
1853 | 895,278,749 | 148,569,721 | 746,709,028 | 119,396,449 | 11,725,369 | 107,671,080 | 1853 |
1855 | 891,751,952 | 124,368,160 | 767,383,792 | 99,300,446 | 29,453,466 | 69,846,980 | 1855 |
1857 | 969,318,896 | 131,927,600 | 837,391,296 | 129,749,898 | 36,487,219 | 93,262,679 | 1857 |
1859 | 1,225,989,072 | 175,143,136 | 1,050,845,936 | 133,284,634 | 29,106,750 | 104,177,844 | 1859 |
1861 | 1,256,984,736 | 298,287,920 | 958,696,816 | 147,172,841 | 54,377,104 | 92,795,737 | 1861 |
1863 | 669,583,264 | 241,352,496 | 428,230,768 | 177,377,664 | 63,927,961 | 113,449,703 | 1863 |
1865 | 977,978,288 | 302,908,928 | 675,069.360 | 212,206,747 | 82,444,930 | 129,701,817 | 1865 |
1867 | 1,262,885,904 | 350,635,936 | 912,249,968 | 233,703,184 | 90,832,584 | 142,870,600 | 1867 |
1869 | 1,221,571,232 | 274,289,344 | 947,281,888 | 258,401,689 | 116,608,305 | 141,853,384 | 1869 |
1871 | 1,778,139,776 | 362,075,616 | 1,416,064,160 | 323,036,299 | 134,866,304 | 188,169,995 | 1871 |
1873 | 1,527,596,224 | 220,000,256 | 1,307,595,968 | 318,036,779 | 123,240,172 | 194,790,607 | 1873 |
1875 | 1,492,351,168 | 262,853,808 | 1,229,497,360 | 365,065,578 | 172,075,439 | 192,990,139 | 1875 |
1877 | 1,355,281,200 | 169,396,304 | 1,185,884,896 | 409,949,198 | 187,418,627 | 222,530,571 | 1877 |
1879 | 1,469,358,464 | 188,201,888 | 1,281,156,576 | 417,110,099 | 243,386,008 | 173,724,091 | 1879 |
1881 | 1,679,068,384 | 207,710,608 | 1,471,357,776 | 450,141,735 | 265,588,927 | 184,557,808 | 1881 |
1883 | 1,734,333,552 | 247,228,800 | 1,487,104,752 | 495,946,779 | 277,234,084 | 218,712,695 | 1883 |
1885 | 1,425,816,336 | 206,338,832 | 1,219,477,504 | 505,687,590 | 207,501,675 | 238,185,915 | 1885 |
N.B.—The Statistics of intermediate years—omitted from this and other tables in the present Almanack—may be had from previous issues, copies of which still remain on sale at the Financial Reform Association Offices, 18, Hackins Hey, Liverpool.
Years. | Coal. | Pig Iron. | Fine Copper. | Metallic Lead. | White Tin. | Zinc. | Silver from Lead. | Gold. | Years. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tons. | Tons. | Tons. | Tons. | Tons. | Tons. | Oz. | Oz. | ||
1855 | 61,453,079 | 3,218,154 | 21,294 | 65,529 | 6,000 | Not stated | 561,906 | 1855 | |
1856 | 66,645,450 | 3,586,377 | 24,257 | 73,129 | 6,177 | Not stated | 614,180 | 1856 | |
1857 | 65,394,707 | 3,659,497 | 17,375 | 67,393 | 6,582 | Not stated | 532,866 | 1857 | |
1858 | 65,008,649 | 3,450,064 | 14,156 | 68,303 | 6,920 | 3,466 | 569,345 | 1858 | |
1859 | 71,979,765 | 3,712,904 | 15,770 | 63,233 | 7,100 | 3,697 | 578,277 | 1859 | |
1860 | 80,042,698 | 3,826,752 | 15,968 | 63,317 | 6,695 | 4,357 | 628,740 | 1860 | |
1861 | 83,635,214 | 3,712,390 | 15,331 | 65,634 | 7,450 | 4,415 | 569,530 | 2,784 | 1861 |
1863 | 81,638,338 | 3,943,469 | 14,843 | 69,031 | 8,476 | 2,151 | 686,123 | 5,299 | 1862 |
1863 | 86,292,215 | 4,510,040 | 14,247 | 68,220 | 10,006 | 3,835 | 634,004 | 552 | 1863 |
1864 | 92,787,873 | 4,767.951 | 13,302 | 67,081 | 10,108 | 4,040 | 641,088 | 2,887 | 1864 |
1865 | 98,150,587 | 4,819,254 | 11,888 | 67,181 | 10,039 | 4,460 | 724,856 | 1,664 | 1865 |
1866 | 101,630,544 | 4,523,897 | 11,153 | 67,390 | 9,990 | 3,192 | 636,188 | 743 | 1866 |
1867 | 104,500,480 | 4,761,023 | 10,233 | 68,440 | 8,700 | 3,750 | 805,394 | 1,520 | 1867 |
1868 | 103,141,157 | 4,970,206 | 9,817 | 71,017 | 9,300 | 3,713 | 835,542 | 1,012 | 1868 |
1869 | 107,427,557 | 5,145,757 | 8,291 | 73,259 | 9,760 | 4,500 | 831,891 | 18 | 1869 |
1870 | 110,431,192 | 5,963,515 | 7,175 | 73,420 | 10,200 | 3,936 | 784,562 | 191 | 1870 |
1871 | 117,352,028 | 6,627,179 | 6,280 | 69,056 | 10,900 | 4,966 | 761,490 | 1871 | |
1872 | 128,497,316 | 6,741,929 | 5,703 | 60,420 | 9,560 | 5,191 | 628,920 | 1872 | |
1873 | 127,016,747 | 6,566,451 | 5,240 | 54,235 | 9,972 | 4,471 | 537,707 | 1873 | |
1874 | 125,067,916 | 6,991,408 | 4,927 | 58,777 | 9,942 | 4,470 | 509,277 | 385 | 1874 |
1875 | 131,867,105 | 6,365,462 | 4,593 | 67,435 | 9,614 | 6,713 | 487,358 | 579 | 1875 |
1876 | 133,344,826 | 6,555,997 | 4,694 | 58,667 | 8,500 | 6,641 | 483,422 | 293 | 1876 |
1877 | 134,610,763 | 6,608,664 | 4,486 | 61,403 | 9,500 | 6,281 | 497,375 | 143 | 1877 |
1878 | 132,654,887 | 6,381,051 | 3,952 | 58,333 | 10,106 | 6,309 | 420,079 | 702 | 1878 |
1879 | 134,808,228 | 5,995,337 | 3,462 | 61,635 | 9,532 | 6,554 | 333,674 | 447 | 1879 |
1880 | 146,818,622 | 7,749,233 | 3,662 | 50,949 | 8,918 | 7,162 | 295,518 | 10 | 1880 |
1881 | 154,184,300 | 8,144,449 | 3,875 | 48,587 | 8,616 | 14,947 | 308,398 | 4½ | 1881 |
1882 | 150,499,977 | 8,586,680 | 3,464 | 50,328 | 9,158 | 16,130 | 372,544 | 226 | 1882 |
1883 | 163,737,327 | 8,529,300 | 2,620 | 43,419 | 9,307 | 13,603 | 344,053 | 66 | 1883 |
1884 | 160,757,779 | 7,811,727 | 3,350 | 40,075 | 9,574 | 9,919 | 325,718 | 1884 | |
1885 | 169,351,418 | 7,415,469 | 2,773 | 37,687 | 9,331 | 9,778 | 320,520 | 3½ | 1885 |
Years. | Coal. | Pig Iron. | Fine Copper. | Metallic Lead. | White Tin. | Zinc. | Silver. | Gold. | Other Metals. | Total. | Years. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
£ | £ | £ | £ | £ | £ | £ | £ | £ | £ | ||
1855 | 16,113,267 | 8,045,385 | 3,042,877 | 1,516,996 | 720,000 | 140,476 | 29,579,001 | 1855 | |||
1856 | 16,663,862 | 8,963,942 | 2,983,611 | 1,755,096 | 821,541 | 153,470 | 100,000 | 31,441,522 | 1856 | ||
1857 | 16,348,676 | 9,148,617 | 2,154,500 | 1,523,852 | 895,152 | 133,216 | 125,500 | 30,329,518 | 1857 | ||
1858 | 16,252,162 | 8,640,160 | 1,562,693 | 1,489,005 | 823,480 | 85,650 | 156,569 | 95,000 | 29,105,719 | 1858 | |
1859 | 17,994,941 | 9,282,860 | 1,734,700 | 1,410,095 | 929,390 | 75,788 | 158,407 | 95,000 | 31,680,581 | 1859 | |
1860 | 20,010,674 | 9,566,880 | 1,706,961 | 1,412,760 | 871,382 | 89,536 | 172,903 | 170,927 | 34,001,323 | 1860 | |
1861 | 20,908,803 | 9,280,975 | 1,572,480 | 1,445,255 | 910,762 | 79,101 | 144,161 | 10,816 | 250,500 | 34,602,853 | 1861 |
1862 | 20,409,584 | 9,858,672 | 1,493,241 | 1,436,345 | 963,216 | 60,584 | 189,041 | 20,390 | 250,000 | 34,691,037 | 1862 |
1863 | 21,573,053 | 11,275,100 | 1,469,608 | 1,418,985 | 1,170,702 | 90,889 | 174,351 | 1,747 | 250,000 | 37,364,435 | 1863 |
1864 | 23,197,968 | 11,919,877 | 1,350,693 | 1,448,959 | 1,062,061 | 98,983 | 176,299 | 9,991 | 195,000 | 39,479,837 | 1864 |
1865 | 24,537,646 | 12,048,133 | 1,134,664 | 1,433,161 | 971,273 | 104,810 | 199,335 | 5,824 | 150,000 | 40,584,846 | 1865 |
1866 | 25,407,635 | 11,309,742 | 1,019,168 | 1,381,509 | 885,368 | 69,916 | 174,951 | 2,656 | 95,000 | 40,345,945 | 1866 |
1867 | 26,125,145 | 11,902,557 | 831,761 | 1,337,509 | 799,203 | 79,693 | 215,400 | 6,890 | 15,000 | 41,312,158 | 1867 |
1868 | 25,785,289 | 12,381,280 | 761,602 | 1,378,404 | 901,400 | 75,435 | 229,773 | 3,522 | 5,000 | 41,521,705 | 1868 |
1869 | 26,856,889 | 13,614,397 | 644,055 | 1,397,415 | 1,201,456 | 92,400 | 207,972 | 62 | 5,000 | 44,019,656 | 1869 |
1870 | 27,607,798 | 14,908,787 | 551,309 | 1,458,715 | 1,299,505 | 74,096 | 196,140 | 750 | 3,500 | 46,094,600 | 1870 |
1871 | 35,205,608 | 16,667,947 | 475,143 | 1,251,815 | 1,498,750 | 92,743 | 190,372 | 3,000 | 55,385,378 | 1871 | |
1872 | 46,311,143 | 18,540,304 | 583,232 | 1,208,411 | 1,459,990 | 118,076 | 157,320 | 2,500 | 68,380,976 | 1872 | |
1873 | 47,631,280 | 18,057,739 | 502,822 | 1,263,375 | 1,329,766 | 120,099 | 131,077 | 5,000 | 69,041,158 | 1873 | |
1874 | 45,849,194 | 16,476,372 | 443,032 | 1,298,463 | 1,077,712 | 106,773 | 127,319 | 1,540 | 3,000 | 65,383,405 | 1874 |
1875 | 46,163,486 | 15,645,774 | 413,284 | 1,290,373 | 866,266 | 102,790 | 115,747 | 2,105 | 4,707 | 64,664,532 | 1875 |
1876 | 46,670,668 | 16,062,192 | 391,130 | 1,270,415 | 675,750 | 158,011 | 106,222 | 1,138 | 2,790 | 65,338,316 | 1876 |
1877 | 47,113,767 | 16,191,236 | 340,067 | 1,262,609 | 695,162 | 136,612 | 113,950 | 656 | 2,677 | 65,856,727 | 1877 |
1878 | 46,429,210 | 16,154,992 | 271,042 | 972,491 | 663,080 | 123,025 | 88,296 | 2,848 | 7,348 | 64,695,877 | 1878 |
1879 | 46,902,879 | 14,988,342 | 222,507 | 765,489 | 689,163 | 95,806 | 70,905 | 1,790 | 1,620 | 63,738,503 | 1879 |
1880 | 62,395,414 | 19,373,082 | 253,277 | 953,897 | 818,767 | 123,544 | 63,015 | 38 | 1,883 | 83,977,915 | 1880 |
1881 | 65,528,327 | 20,361,122 | 263,500 | 728,805 | 839,680 | 252,608 | 67,140 | 18 | 1,635 | 88,042,835 | 1881 |
1882 | 44,118,409 | 24,042,704 | 252,872 | 722,835 | 977,158 | 286,710 | 80,426 | 863 | 70,481,977 | 1882 | |
1883 | 46,054,143 | 22,176,180 | 181,067 | 560,103 | 903,476 | 218,328 | 72,484 | 252 | 70,166,033 | 1883 | |
1884 | 43,446,183 | 18,943,437 | 202,591 | 452,847 | 809,740 | 152,835 | 68,791 | 64,076,424 | 1884 | ||
1885 | 41,139,408 | 17,302,761 | 135,415 | 433,400 | 833,803 | 146,100 | 64,938 | 14 | 60,055,839 | 1885 |
Note.—The plan adopted in 1882 and subsequently for obtaining the value of Coal produced does not permit of a comparison with former years, but the new system is more correct than the old.
Progress of Foreign Trade.
In the year ending January 5, 1841, the gross produce of Customs and Excise duties was £38,258,866; the gross revenue, which for the year ending the 31st March last was £89,581,301, was then only £51,684,766. The Customs tariff then comprised some 1,200 articles of import subject to duty; the total number of articles and subdivisions of them is now about 20. The Excise tariff included many articles now happily liberated, such as bricks, glass, candles, leather, soap, paper, &c., &c. In the interim Customs Duties have been repealed or reduced to the net amount of £24,385,289; Excise Duties increased, in consequence of transfer of assessed taxes, &c., to that department, by that of £1,623,684, leaving on Customs and Excise a net reduction of £22,976,404. The produce of both in the year ended the 31st of March last was £45,287,000, an increase of £7,028,134 compared with their yield in 1840, showing an actual recovery of £30,004,538 from the partial liberation of trade, and affording the greatest possible encouragement to further progress in the same direction, of which proofs may be gathered from the following tables :—
Imports. | Exports. | Total. | |
---|---|---|---|
Year. | £ | £ | £ |
1839-40 | 62,004,000 | 110,128,716 | 172,132,716* |
1850 | 152,329,053 | 115,821,092 | 268,210,145 |
Increase | £90,325,053 | £5,692,376 | £96,077,429 |
Imports. | Exports. | Total. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
£ | £ | £ | Year. | |
1880 | 210,530,873 | 164,521,351 | 375,052,224 | 1860 |
1880 | 411,229,565 | 286,414,466 | 697,644,031 | 1880 |
Increase | £200,698,692 | £121,883,115 | £322,591,807 |
The increase of Imports was therefore 145 per cent., that of Exports 5 per cent., and that of Imports and Exports 55 per cent, in the first 10 years; that of Imports 239 per cent., of Exporte 49 per cent., and of Imports and Exports 117 per cent. in 20 years; that of Imports 563 per cent., of Exports 160 per cent., and that of Importe and Exports 305 per cent. in 40 years. In face of such facts it is nothing lets than marvellous that shipbuilders, shipowners, merchants, manufacturers, and traders generally, of all political parties, are so blind to their own interests as not to demand with one voice the abolition of Customs and Excise, and the establishment of perfect Freedom of Trade.
Progress of British Shipping.
In 1849 the Protective Navigation Laws were in full force. They were repealed by an Act passed June 26, 1849, which came into operation on the 1st of January, 1850. The following is an account of the total number of British Vessels engaged in the Home and Foreign Trade (exclusive of River Steamers), registered at the two periods, and subsequently, with the number of men employed, exclusive of masters. The total number of vessels, including River Steamers, registered as belonging to the United Kingdom and the Channel Islands in 1885 was 23,662, and the tonnage 7,430,045.
Totals. | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year. | Sailing Vessels Number. | Tonnage. | Men Employed. Exclusive Masters. | Steamers Number. | Tonnage. | Men Employed. Exclusive of Masters | Vessels Number. | Tonnage. | Men. | Year. |
1849 | 17,807 | 2,988,021 | 144,165 | 414 | 108,321 | 8,446 | 18,221 | 8,096,342 | 182,611 | 1849 |
1851 | 17,664 | 3,216,194 | 131,277 | 520 | 144,741 | 10,660 | 18,184 | 3,360,935 | 141,937 | 1851 |
1861 | 19,288 | 3,918,511 | 144,949 | 997 | 441,184 | 27,008 | 20,285 | 4,359,695 | 171,957 | 1861 |
1872 | 19,709 | 4,245,904 | 137,101 | 2,846 | 1,515,704 | 66,619 | 22,554 | 6,761,608 | 203,720 | 1872 |
1880 | 16,183 | 3,750,442 | 108,668 | 3,789 | 2,594,135 | 84,304 | 19,972 | 6,344,577 | 193,972 | 1880 |
1881 | 15,223 | 3,569,168 | 102,498 | 4,088 | 2,921,785 | 90,405 | 19,311 | 6,490,953 | 192,903 | 1881 |
1882 | 14,585 | 3,424,155 | 97,201 | 4,381 | 3,290,875 | 98,736 | 18,966 | 6,715,030 | 195,937 | 1882 |
1883 | 14,159 | 3,369,959 | 95,306 | 4,753 | 3,656,103 | 105,421 | 18,912 | 7,026,062 | 200,727 | 1883 |
1884 | 13,876 | 3,258,330 | 91,383 | 4,868 | 3,825,614 | 108,271 | 18,744 | 7,083,944 | 199,654 | 1884 |
1885 | 13,775 | 3,319,563 | 90,968 | 5,016 | 3,889,600 | 107,813 | 18,791 | 7,209,163 | 198,781 | 1885 |
Tonnage of Vessels Entered and Cleared. | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year. | British. | Foreign. | Total. | Excess of British Tonnage. | Year. |
1840 | 6,490,486 | 2,949,182 | 9,439,667 | 3,541,303 | 1840 |
1854 | 10,744,849 | 7,924,238 | 18,669,087 | 2,820,611 | 1854 |
1861 | 15,420,532 | 11,175,109 | 26,595,641 | 4,245,423 | 1861 |
1871 | 28,034,748 | 13,513,130 | 41,547,878 | 14,521,618 | 1871 |
1881 | 41,543,259 | 16,406,286 | 57,949,545 | 25,136,973 | 1881 |
1885 | 46,389,055 | 17,892,587 | 64,281,642 | 28,496,468 | 1885 |
Hence it appears that the increase in British Tonnage in 1885 compared with 1840, has been 39,898,570 tons, or 614 per cent.; that in Foreign Tonnage, 14,943,405 tons, or 506 per cent.
Tonnage of British and Foreign Vessels, Sailing: and Steam, Entered with Cargoes Coastwise at Ports in the United Kingdom. (Foreign Vessels not admitted previous to 1854.) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
British | Foreign | Total | ||
Year. | Tons. | Tons. | Tons. | Year. |
1840 | 10,766,056 | 10,766,056 | 1840 | |
1854 | 12,762,107 | 46,483 | 12,808,590 | 1854 |
1861 | 17,261,779 | 93,456 | 17,355,235 | 1861 |
1871 | 18,276,297 | 90,822 | 18,367,119 | 1871 |
1881 | 25,720,906 | 121,996 | 25,842,902 | 1881 |
1885 | 27,031,645 | 136,169 | 27,167,814 | 1885 |
Memorandum.
The Statistics of intermediate years—omitted from these and other tables in the present Almanack—may be had from previous issues, copies of which still remain on sale at the Financial Reform Association Offices, 18, Hackins Hey, Liverpool.
* These values in 1839-40 (estimated by an absurd official system fixed in 1694) were enormously in excess of the real or declared values at the time. In the "Progress of the Nation," Mr. G. R. Porter pointed out that in the Exports of Home Produce alone there was a discrepancy of over £44,000,000. Taking that into account, the rain in increased trade up to 1860 would of course be half as much again at the amount shown above, and would principally affect the export figures. The increase in the latter would at least turn the £6,092,370 into £50,000,000, whilst adjustment of the imports would probably increase the £90,806,063 to £100,000,000.