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The Pamphlet Collection of Sir Robert Stout: Volume 6

Brief Notes on the Geographical Distribution of the Trees, of Which Timber is Extant in the South and North Queensland Division of the Intercolonial Exhibition

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Brief Notes on the Geographical Distribution of the Trees, of Which Timber is Extant in the South and North Queensland Division of the Intercolonial Exhibition.

1. Polyalthia Nitidissima: Benth.—A rather gigantic tree, when considered as representative of the order of Anoneœ. It ranges through the whole of the littoral forest tract of Queensland.

1. Polyalthia Nitidissima: Benth.—A nonaceœ (Aboriginal name, Pankalville).—4 to 10 inches in diameter; 30 to 60 feet high. Trunk erect, graceful; pyramidal head; leaves shining; wood white, soft, and pliable; found in scrubs and beds of creeks.

2. Bursaria Spinosa: Cavanilles.—Dispersed over nearly the whole Australian continent; common also in Tasmania.

3. Pittosporum Rhombifolium: All. Cunningham.—In the coast forests of the northern part of New South Wales and the southern part of Queensland.

21. Pittosporum Rhombifolium: All. Cunningham—Pittosporaceœ—6 to 12; 50 to 80. A very erect scrub tree; bark whitish and smooth; the wood of a uniform white colour; when fresh cut emits a very agreeable delicate odour, not unlike mignonette.

4. Pittosporum Ovatifolium: Ferd. Mueller.—A tree of fair size, ranging from the extreme north of Queensland considerably southward.

20. Pittosporum Ovatifolium: Ferd. Mueller—Pittosporaceœ (Konawareu).—4 to 8; 20 to 35. A small tree, met with on creeks and occasionally in scrubs; flowers fragrant.

5. Citriobatus Megacarpus: Ferd. Mueller.—Never a large, occasionally a small tree, but usually a shrub. In many of the Brigalow scrubs of Queensland.

19. Citriobatus Pauciflorue: All. Cunningham—Pittosporaceœ (Karry).—4 to 8; 6 to 15. An ornamental, prickly shrub, of a spherical growth, and white fragrant flowers; trunk short; wood hard and tough; takes a good polish. Will answer admirably in a garden for edgings of borders.

6. Scolopia Brownii: Ferd. Mueller.—Dispersed through the whole moist littoral forest tract of New South Wales and Queensland.

7. Busbeckia Mitchellii: Ferd. Mueller.—In the Brigalow scrubs, and also in some of the desert tracks of South Australia, Victoria, New South Wales, Queensland, and North Australia.

8. Flindersia Schottiana: Ferd. Mueller.—This tree extends from the northern parts of New South Wales to the vicinity of Rockingham Bay. It is confined to forest gullies.

9. Owenia Acidula: Ferd. Mueller.—In the Brigalow scrubs of Queensland and New South Wales.

10. Owenia Venosa: Ferd. Mueller.—In the more open forest regions of Queensland.

15. Owenia Venosa: Ferd. Mueller—Mdiaceœ; Sour Plum (Pyddharr).—12 to 25; 50 to 70. A fine shady tree with pinnated leaves, on winged petioles; wood hard, of a rose colour. Its great strength renders it fit for wheelwrights' work.

11. Melia Azedarach: Linne.—A small tree, ranging never very far away page 16 from the coast through North Australia, Queensland, and the northern parts of New South Wales.

17. Melia Azedarach: Willd.—Meliaceœ; White Cedar.—12 to 16; 30 to 70. This tree is very handsome when in flower; wood soft, sometimes used for staves.

12. Spondias Pleiogyna: Ferd. Mueller.—In the less dense forests of Queensland, towards the coast.

14. SpondiasPleiogyna: Ferd. Mueller—Meliaceœ; Sweet Plum (Orey Rancooran).—A beautiful tree, having a cylindrical, erect trunk, growing sometimes 80 feet in height, without branches; fine dark green glossy foliage; wood hard and heavy, of a dark red-brown colour, finely marked; takes a very high polish.

13. Xanthoxylon Brachyacanthum: Ferd. Mueller.—In most of the jungles of Queensland and of the northern parts of New South Wales.

25. Xanthoxylon Brachyacanthum: Ferd. Mueller—Butaceœ (Merrivi).—3 to 8; 30 to 80. A tall, slender, prickly tree; wood close-grained, bright yellow, nicely marked. Will answer for veneering.

14. Ailantus Imberbiflora: Ferd Mueller.—Queensland, about the tropic of Capricorn, towards the coast.

26. Ailantus Imberbiflora: Ferd. Mueller—Simarubuœ.—A large, noble, cylindrical, erect tree, branchy towards the top; flowers fragrant in racemes; would be very ornamental in a plantation. From wounds made in the bark a resinous substance exudes, which burns with a brilliant flame. Found in dense scrubs. Wood light, soft, and appears to be of little durability.

15. Geijera Salicifolia: Schott.—In more or less open forests as well of Queensland as of New South Wales.

23. Geijera Salicifolia: Schott—Butaceœ (Koko).—4 to 12; 20 to 35. Found growing at the edge of scrubs, on poor sandy soil; bark almost smooth.

16. Acronychia Laevis: Forster.—In the moist forests from East Gippsland through New South Wales and Queensland, to the north coast.

16b. Pagetia Medicinalis: Ferd. Mueller.—As yet only found in the forests around Rockhampton.

17. Atalaya Hemiglauca: Ferd. Mueller.—A small tree of the Brigalow scrubs of Queensland and New South Wales.

8. Atalaya Hemiglauca: Ferd. Mueller—Sapindaceœ.—4 to 12; 15 to 25. Found in open forests, generally on poor soil; wood not durable.

18. Cupania Anacardioides: A. Richard.—Widely dispersed through the littoral forest tracts of New South Wales, Queensland, and North Australia.

9. Cupania Anacardioides: Richard—Sapindaceœ.—6 to 15; 50 to 80. A tree often met with in scrubs; beautiful pinnated leaves.

19. Cupania Xylocarpa: All Cunningham.—A tree widely dispersed through the moister forest regions of New South Wales and Queensland.

11. Cupania Xylocarpa: A. Cunningham—Sapindacœ.—12 to 24; 50 to 70. A scrub tree, with smooth bark, branching high. May prove useful for wheelwrights' work.

20. Cupania Nervosa: Ferd. Mueller.—In many of the jungles of New South Wales and Queensland.

10. Cupania Nervosa: Ferd. Mueller.—Sapindaceœ; Spurious Beech.—6 to 12; 30 to 40. Wood very tough and durable, used for stock-whip handles; growing in groups in open forests, also in scrubs.

21. Harpullia Pendula: Planchon.—In many of the denser forests of New South Wales and Queensland.

7. Harpullia Pendula: Planchon—Sapindaceœ; Tulip-wood.—6 to 15; 30 to 50. This line scrub tree has pinnated light green leaves; wood soft, easily worked.

22. Sterculia Quadrifida: R. Brown.—In the coast jungles of North Australia, Queensland, and the northern part of New South Wales.

3. Sterculia Quadrifida: R. Brown.—Sterculiaceœ (Convavola).—6 to 24; 20 to. 40. Found in scrubs and creeks; wood soft, spongy; soon rots.

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23. Elœocarpus Obovatus: Don.—Occurs in many of the moist forest tracts of New South Wales and Queensland.

4. Elœocarpus obovatus; G. Don.—Tiliaceœ.—6 to 15; 50 to 70. A tall tree, of common occurrence in dense scrubs; wood close-grained and tough.

24. Phyllanthus Ferdinandi: J. Mueller.—Not rare in the brushwoods of New South Wales and South Queensland.

25. Excœcaria Agallocha; Linne.—A tree of the jungles of Queensland and North Australia.

85. Excœcaria Agallacha: Linne.—Euphorbiaceœ; River Poisonous Tree (Balavola Karping).—12 to 30; 40 to 70. Found bordering the estuaries of saltwater rivers and creeks; produces by incision in the bark an acrid, milky juice, which is so volatile that nobody, however careful, can gather a quarter of a pint without being affected. The symptoms are an acrid burning sensation in the throat, sore eyes and headache; a single drop falling into the eyes it is believed will cause loss of sight. The natives of Cleveland Bay use this poisonous juice to cure certain ulcerous chronic diseases (Murrell's testimony). Wood light, white, and soft; will answer for carving and marqueterie.

26. Mallotus Phillippinensis: J. Mueller.—Not rare in the coast forests of Queensland, and of the Northern part of New South Wales.

84. Mallotus Phillippinensis: J. Mueller—Euphorbiaceœ.—6 to 15; 30 to 40. A scrub tree; wood close-grained and tough.

27. Rhamnus Vitiensis; Bentham.—Scantily occurring in the east part of Queensland.

32. Rhamnus Vitiensis: Bentham—Rhamnaceœ (Murtilam).—6 to 12; 30 to 40. Scrub tree; trunk and branches whitish, very smooth; berries quarter-inch in diameter; wood close-grained, of a light reddish and pink colour; may be useful for engraving.

28. Siphonodon Australia: Bentham.—In the jungle forests of the northern parts of New South Wales and the southern parts of Queensland.

31. Siphonodon Australia: Bentham—Celastrineœ (Umpurr).—12 to 24; 60 to 80. A tall scrub tree, trunk 40 to 60 feet clear; branches short, tortuous; compactly arranged in a short pyramidal head; wood close-grained, of a uniform yellowish colour, taking a good polish.

29. Elœodendron Melanocarpum: Ferd. Mueller.—In the more open parts of the littoral forests of Queensland.

30. Elœodendron Melanocarpum; Ferd. Mueller—Celastrineœ (Korawal).—4 to 10; 40 to 60. A slender, erect tree, in scrubs; not very abundant.

30. Acacia Harpophylla: Ferd. Mueller.—As yet only known from capricornic eastern Australia.

34. Acacia Harpophylla: Ferd. Mueller—Leguminosœ—Brigalow (Orkor).—An erect, tall tree; very abundant; branchy towards the top; covers large tracts of the rich scrub lands of Middle Queensland, giving a singular appearance to the forest scenery; wood hard, heavy, close-grained; and of a dark-pale colour, giving a strong odour of violets. In use for building purposes. The aboriginals make with it almost all their boomerangs, spears, and clubs.

31. Acacia Julifera: Bentham.—In many of the littoral regions of Queensland.

35. Acacia Julifera: Benth—Leguminosœ.—4 to 10; 20 to 30. A small tree, generally found growing in poor soil; wood prettily marked, easily worked.

32. Acacia Macradenia: Bentham.—In the coast and inland tracts of Queensland, about the tropic of Capricorn.

39. Acacia Macradenia: Bentham—Myall (Toney).—12 to 18; 30 to 50. In scrubs and open forests; beautiful black, hard, and close-grained wood, taking a very high polish.

33. Acacia Pendula: All. Cunningham.—In the interior districts of New South Wales and Queensland.

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34. Acacia Salicina: Lindley.—Occurring in the depressed scrubby interior regions of the whole Australian continent.

37. Acacia Salicina: Lindley—Leguminosœ (Bakka).—6 to 12; 20 to 40. This is mentioned by Sir Thomas Mitchell as the tree, the bark of which is, from its deleterious properties, used by the natives of New South Wales for poisoning fish in small lagoons. It is used in the Fitzroy River for a like purpose by the natives. Wood dark and pretty; easy to work.

35. Acacia Bidwillii: Bentham.—In various parts of Queensland, more particularly towards the coast.

38. Acacia Bidunlli; Bentham—Leguminosœ; Bidwill's Acacia (Waneu).—4 to 8; 20 to 30. In ridges and plains; wood coarse, soft, and not durable.

36. Pithecolobium canescens: Ferd. Mueller.—In Queensland, about the tropic of Capricorn.

42. Pithecolobium Canescens: Ferd. Mueller—Leguminosœ (Walkor).—10 to 24; 30 to 50. An ornamental tree; flowers yellow. The sap of this wood is of a light-yellow colour, wood not unlike cedar towards the centre, but harder; very much prized by cabinet makers.

37. Pithecolobium Thozetianum: Ferd. Mueller.—In the forests of Queensland, about the tropic of Capricorn.

43. Pithecolobium Thozetianum: Ferd. Mueller—Leguminosœ.—12to 30; 40 to 60; A tree of common occurrence in stony scrubs; trunk erect, with a thin whitish bark; very branchy and shady towards the top; wood very hard, heavy, tough, and close-grained; may prove useful for gig shafts.

38. Pithecolobium pruinosum: Bentham.—In most of the jungles of New South Wales, and also in the south of Queensland.

47. Pithecolobium Pruinosum: Bentham—Leguminosœ (Talingora).—4 to 15; 30 to 50. A small scrub tree, generally with many stems; branches and flowers of a rusty colour; wood soft, not durable.

39. Bauhinia Hookeri: Ferd. Mueller.—Widely distributed through the forest regions of Queensland,

45. Bauhinia Hookeri: Ferd. Mueller—Leguminosœ; Mountain Ebony (Warwor).—10 to 24; 30 to 40. An ornamental spreading tree, with pale-green, handsome, deciduous foliage, and bearing large white flowers of sweet perfume; wood supple and heavy, of a dark-reddish hue; will answer well for veneering.

40. Bauhinia Leichhardtii: Ferd. Mueller.—In the desert-interior of South Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, and North Australia.

41. Barklya Syringifolia: Ferd. Mueller.—In the jungles of several parts of Queensland.

44. Barklya Syringifolia: Ferd. Mueller—Leguminosœ.—4 to 8; 20 to 30. A handsome scrub tree, with large, cordate, shining leaves; flowers a bright yellow.

42. Erythrina Vespertilio: Bentham.—Rather frequent in Central and North Australia, Queensland, and in the most northern parts of New South Wales.

46. Erythrina Vespertilio: Bentham—Leguminosœ; Coral Tree (Wotheugn).—12 to 30; 30 to 50. A graceful deciduous open forest tree; very abundant; branches prickly; flowers bright red in racemes, and formed before the leaves show; wood soft, very light when dry; used by the aboriginals for making their shields. The dry logs of the dead trees are also used by them as a means of fording large rivers or creeks.

43. Eucalyptus Rostrata: Schlecht.—Dispersed over river flats and along banks of streams throughout nearly the whole of Australia, but seemingly not occurring in Tasmania. It is the "Red Gumtree" of East Australia, but not of West Australia.

44. Eucalyptus Microtheca: Ferd. Mueller.—Widely dispersed through the more central regions of the continent.

53. Eucalyptus Microtheca: Ferd. Mueller—Black Box (Koloneu).—24 to 120; 100 to 180. This tree, abundant in rich alluvial scrub land, can be considered the giant of our tropical forests. The bark black, slightly fissurated and persistent on page 19 the whole length of the trunk, becoming smooth and ash-coloured in the branches; wood with figures not unlike walnut, but darker, heavier, and closer-grained. Piles made of the young trees have been used with advantage for the construction of the Great Northern Railway.

45. Eucalyptus Citriodora: Hooker.—Not common in some of the open forests of New South Wales and Queensland.

52. Eucalyptus Citriodora: Hooker—Myrtaceœ; Citron-scented Gum (Kangar).—12 to 13; 50 to 80. This tree is not often met with on ridges along the eastern coasts of Australia; bark ash-coloured and smooth; wood easily worked.

46. Lumnitzera Racemosa: Willd.—In the littoral tracts and the islands of Queensland and North Australia.

50. Lumnitzera Racemosa: Willd.—Combretaceœ (Karkin).—2 to 6; 10 to 15. A small tree, found within the tidal saltwater in rivers and creeks; the branches and the thick fleshy leaves easily broken; wood prettily marked.

47. Backhousia Citriodora: Ferd. Mueller.—In the southern forests of Queensland.

48. Barnngtonia Careya: Ferd. Mueller.—In the more open forest regions of Queensland and North Australia.

54. Barringtonia Careya: Ferd. Mueller—Barringtoniaceœ; Broad-leaved Apple Tree (Barror).—A small tree of a crooked growth, but very graceful, with broad leaves and handsome pink and white flowers; found in abundance in rich alluvial soils; wood of a blood-red colour towards the centre; subject to crack; requiring, like some European timber, to be submerged before being worked. According to James Murrell the natives of Cleveland Bay use the bark of the stem for stupefying fish in fresh water, and the bark of the root for the same purpose in salt water.

49. Terminalia Thozetii: Bentham.—In the eastern part of Queensland.

49. Terminalia Thozetii: Bentham—Combretaceœ.—12 to 36; 50 to 90. An erect trunked tree; abundant in scrubs; wood close-grained and tough, of a pale-yellow colour, splitting freely.

50. Homalium Vitiense: Bentham.—In the capricornic regions of Queensland.

80. Homalium Vitiense: Bentham—Homaliaceœ.—12 to 24; 50 to 70. A tree found in scrubs, with erect cylindrical trunk; spreading crooked branches towards the top; wood white, close-grained and durable; may prove useful for wheelwrights' work.

51. Sarcocephalus Cordatus: Miquel.—Not rare in the littoral forest tracts of Queensland and North Australia.

57. Sarcocephalus Cordatus: Miquel; Rubiaceœ: Ferd. Mueller—Leichhardt's Tree (Toka).—24 to 40; 60 to 100. A magnificent, erect, shady tree, with dark-green deciduous foliage; handsome, very fragrant, globular flower, and having a bitter-flavoured granulated fruit; wood soft, of a light bright-yellow colour; some varieties of this timber have a beautiful wavy grain; very easily worked; will answer for carving; it has the peculiarity of being difficult to ignite. The trees should be cut in winter, when deprived of their leaves, and submerged, or the timber will be subject to the attack of insects.

52. Canthium Oleifolium: Hooker.—Through the Brigalow scrubs and more open forests of the northern part of New South Wales, the whole of Queensland, and North Australia.

56. Canthium Oleifolium: Hooker—Rablaceœ.—A shrub met with in poor soil.; wood hard and tough.

53. Brassaia Actinophylla: Endlicher.—In deep wet forest recesses of Queensland.

55. Brassaia Actinophylla: Endlicher—Araliaceœ; Umbrella Tree (Pinankaral) 6 to 12; 30 to 40. Leaflets on a common stalk 8 to 12 inches long; handsome, highly ornamental; wood soft, not durable.

54. Earlia Excelsa: Ferd. Mueller.—Kare in forests of Queensland, about Capricorn. It is probably the largest tree in the extensive order of Acanthaceœ.

75. Earlia Excelsa: Ferd. Mueller—Acanthaceœ.—3 to 6; 15 to 25. A large and page 20 highly-ornamental shrub, with many stems; small, dark green leaves; flowers tubular, crimson; wood close-grained.

55. Achras Amtralis: R. Brown.—In the woods of the coast-tracts of New South Wales and the southern parts of Queensland.

64. Achras Pohlmaniana Sapotaceœ: Baleam.—12 to 20; 40 to 70. A tall scrub tree, with beautiful foliage; bark thin, grey yellowish; wood of a uniform pale yellow colour; close-grained.

55b. Achras Pohlmaniana: Ferd. Mueller.—East Australia, about Capricorn. Fruit edible.

56. Maba Obovata; R. Brown.—In the more open forests, widely distributed through Queensland.

63. Maba Obovata: R. Brown.—Ebenaceœ—Ebony; (Ronone).—5 to 12; 20 to 30. This tree is very abundant in all scrubs, but does not attain a large size; wood hard and tough; very close-grained, black ebony at the heart; sap white and pink. Used for mallet and chisel handles.

57. Cargillia Australia: R. Brown.—In the forest regions towards the coast through New South Wales and Queensland.

62. Cargillia Australis: R. Brown.—Ebenaceœ.—A small tree found in scrubs.

58. Eremophila Bignoniflora: Ferd. Mueller.—In the Brigalow scrubs of New South Wales and Queensland.

72. Eremophila Bignoniflora: Ferd. Mueller.—Myoporinœ; (Pombel).—6 to 24; 30 to 35. A tree generally with many stems of irregular growth; wood hard, fragrant, and most elegantly marked with green and yellowish figures; takes a high polish.

59. Eremophila Mitchellii: Bentham.—In the Brigalow scrubs of New South Wales and Queensland.

73. Eremophila Mitchellii: Bentham.—Myoporinœ; Bastard. Sandalwood (Balvory).—6 to 12; 20 to 30. A small tree, growing in open forest land; wood hard, of brown colour, nicely waved. Owing to a strong aromatic odour, resembling that of sandal-wood, furniture made of this timber may be free from the attack of insects.

60. Vitex Macrophylla: R. Brown.—In the densest coast forests of most northern parts of Queensland.

61. Diplanthera tetraphylla, R. Br.—In the densest coast forests in the remotest north of Queensland.

62. Chionanthus Effusiflora: Ferd. Mueller.—In the woods along the coast of Queensland, especially in the more northern parts.

66. Chionanthus Effusiflora: Ferd. Mueller—Oleaceœ (Eurpa).—6 to 15; 30 to 60. Found in mountains, scrubs, and creeks; wood hard and tough.

63. Alstonia Constricta: Ferd. Mueller.—As well in the moist jungles as in the dry Brigalow scrubs of the whole of Queensland and the northern parts of New South Wales. This tree attains a much larger size in the jungles than in the scrubs.

69. Alstonia Constricta: Ferd. Mueller—Apocynaceœ; Fever Bark.—6 to 15; 40 to 70. Of common occurrence in scrubs, and occasionally in open forests; bark thick, yellow, deeply fissurated, of an intense bitterness. It is said that this bark possesses the same properties as quinine.

64. Ardisia Pseudo-Jambosa: Ferd. Mueller.—In the dense forests of Queensland, about the tropic of Capricorn.

65. Ardisia Pseudo-Jambosa: Ferd. Mueller.—Myrsineœ (Gaon Gaon).—4 to6; 10 to 25. A shrub or small tree, found in sandy creeks and scrubs, affecting very shady places; fruit globular, crimson, the size of the European cherry; well deserving room in every garden.

65. Stenocarpus Sinuosus: Endl.—The tree occurs in the southern parts of Queensland and the northern parts of New South Wales, in forest ravines.

66. Cardwellia Sublimis: Ferd. Mueller.—Restricted to the humid most northern forest country of Queensland.

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67. Xylomelum Scottianum: Ferd. Mueller.—As yet only found in the most remote north-east of Queensland, in forest gullies.

68. Darlingia Spectatissima: Ferd. Mueller.—Known only from the most northern part of the east coast of Queensland.

69. Hakea Stricta: Ferd. Mueller.—In the deserts of South Australia, Victoria, New South Wales, and the south-west of Queensland.

70. Grevillea Striata: R. Brown.—In the dry interior tracts of North and Central Australia, Queensland, and the north of South Australia and of New South Wales.

77. Grevillea Striata: R. Brown—Proteaceœ; Silvery Honeysuckle (Turraie).—6 to 15; 30 to 50. A tree found scattered on plains and ridges, with narrow, long, striated silvery leaves; wood reddish dark, very curiously marked, easy to work, used for bullock yokes.

71. Ficus Vesca: Ferd. Mueller.—On river banks in the more northern parts of Queensland.

92. Ficus Vesca: Ferd. Mueller.—Urticaceœ; Leichhardt's Clustered Figtree (Porpa). 12 to 36; 40 to 60. Found in scrubs, also on the banks of rivers and creeks; the fruit, which is of a light-red colour when ripe, hangs in clusters along the trunks and on some of the largest branches; timber soft; may answer for packing cases.

72. Morus Calcar Galli: A. Cunningham.—In the forests not distant from the coast, in various parts of New South Wales, and of the south of Queensland.

73. Celtis Ingens: Ferd. Mueller.—In the jungle forests of Queensland and the northern parts of New South Wales.

94. Celtis Ingens: Ferd. Mueller—Urticacœ.—6 to 12; 30 to 50. A middle-sized scrub tree of rare occurrence; wood white, soft, and pliable.

74. Santalum Lanceolatum: R. Brown.—Sparingly distributed over North Australia, Central Australia, the northern parts of South Australia, and a large portion of Queensland.

75. Exocarpus Latifolia: R. Brown.—In many parts of Queensland and North Australia.

79. Exocarpus Latifolia: R. Brown—Thyineleœ; Broad-leaved Native Cherry (Oringorin).—6 to 10; 15 to 35. A small scrub tree; bark almost black, scaly; wood hard, with the fragrance of roses; takes a good polish.

76. Casuarina Tenuissima: Sieber.—In more open forests, from East Gippsland, through New South Wales to the southern parts of Queensland.

95. Casuarina Tenuissima: Sieber—Casuarineœ; Mountain Oak (Burcutha).—6 to 15; 30 to 45. On the mountain sides, at an elevation of 1000 feet, this little tree begins to make its appearance; timber close grained, with figures white and pink. 77. Podocarpus Elata: R.Brown.—Rather scantily dispersed through the whole littoral tracts of New South Wales and Queensland.