In Southern Africa there are about 38 million Africans who live under white minority Governments. They are to be found in the five countries of Southern Africa that have not yet attained independence, and in which the ruling colonial administrations steadfastly refuse to give political rights to the African majorities.

In these countries of the Republic of South Africa, Rhodesia, Namibia, Mozambique and Angola, there are now wars of liberation in progress, for despite every endeavour by the Africans for basic human and political rights, every petition, every demonstration and every strike has been met with ruthless oppression by the ruling authorities. For instance at Sharpeville in 1960 over 60 Africans were shot down when protesting. At Mueda, in Mozambique where Africans outnumber white Portuguese by 40 to 1. there was a massacre in 1961 when 600 Africans were shot by Portuguese troops. And so one could go on in each of the five territories.