The Article.

Te is the definite article, nga is its plural; as, te whare, the house; nga whare, the houses.

The indefinite articles are he and tetahi, a, an, or some; the plural page 367of tetahi is etahi, as he kuri, a dog; tetahi hoe, a paddle; etahi waka, canoes or some canoes.

The Noun.

The noun has two numbers, the singular and the plural, the plural being formed by the article nga prefixed to the singular; as, Te tamaiti, the child; nga tamaiti, the children.

Adjectives.

The adjective does not precede the noun, as in English, but is placed immediately after it; as, he rakau roa, a tree long.

Pronouns.

The personal pronouns are:—

• Singular lst person, ahau or au, I.
• Singular 2nd person koe, thou.
• Singular 3rd person ia, he, she, or it.
• Plural lst person, tatau or matou, we.
• Plural 2nd person koutou, ye.
• Plural 3rd person ratou, they.

Possessive Pronouns.

• Taku, mine or my.
• Ta taua, ta maua, ta tatou, or ta matou, ours.
• Tau, thine or thy.
• Ta korua, or ka koutou, yours.
• Tana, his.
• Ta raua, or ia ratau, theirs.

Relative Pronouns.

In the Maori there is no distinct form.

Demonstrative Pronouns.

Ia, that.

Interrogative Pronouns.

There are three, viz.:—

Wai, who; Aha, what; tehea or ehea, which.

Verbs.

These are of three kinds, active, neuter, and causative, each of which admits of the passive voice.

The passive is formed by adding to the active one of the following terminations:—a, ia, tia, hia, kia, ria, na, ina, ngia.

The causative verb is formed by the prefix whaka.

Tenses.

The present tense is formed by ka before the verb, or by e before and ana after it.

The past tense is formed by the prefix i.

The future tense is formed by the prefix Ka, e, and tera.

Adverbs.

Ae,	yes, affirmation.
Kahore,	no, not, on the contrary.
Ekhore,	not.
Au or aua,	I do not know.
InaKaura,	a little while ago.
Inapo,	last night.
Inanahi,	yesterday.
Inaoake,	day before yesterday.
Aianei,	to-day, now, presently.
Pea,	perhaps, indeed, of course.
Ko,	then, thither.
Konei,	here, this place, this time.
Ake.	upwards, onwards.
Atu,	onwards, away.
Iho,	downwards, up above, from above.
Mai,	hither.
Tua,	behind, rather.
Mua,	before.
Roto,	within, the inside place, inland.
Waho,	without, the outside.
Puku,	secretly, without speaking.
Niamata,	in former times.
Meake,	soon, presently.
Ahea,	when, at. what time.
Pehea,	how, in what way.
Oti,	else, in question, then.
Ata,	gently, deliberately.page 369
Marie,	quietly.
Hanuga,	besides, not.
Kau,	only, alone.
Ki,	very.
Ara,	namely.

Prepositions.

Conjunctions.

Interjections.

Numerals.

Ordinal Numbers.

Useful Verbs.

To be able,	ahei.
To add,	hono.
To assemble,	huihui.
To ask,	inoi.
To believe,	whakapono.
To boil,	koropupu.
To burn,	tahu.
To call,	karanga.
To carry,	kawe.
To be calm,	aio.
To clean,	horoi.
To clear,	para.
To count,	tatau.
To curse,	kanga.
To cut off,	tope.
To cut (in two),	pounto.
To desire,	hiahia.
To dig,	ko.
To dive,	ruku.
To divide,	wehewehe.
To drive,	whiu.
To drink,	inu.
To eat,	kai.
To enter,	tomo.
To entrap,	reti.
To exchange,	hokohoko.
To fetch,	tiki.
To fell (timber),	tua.
To fish,	hi.
To float,	taupua.
To gather,	kohikohi.
To go,	haere.
To be healed,	mahu.
To hear,	rongo.
To hide,	huma.
To imitate,	whakatau.
To jest.	hangarau.
To kill,	patu.
To lead,	arabi.
To light,	whakamarama.
To light up,	hopai.
To listen,	whakarongo.
To look,	rimi.
To make,	hauga.
To measure,	wharite.
To murder,	kohuru.
To pay,	utu.
To plant,	whakato.
To play,	takaro.
To plunder,	muru.
To pray,	muru.
To run,	oma.
To rest,	okioki.
To see,	kite.
To sell,	hoko.
To sew,	tui.
To shine,	tiaho.
To sing,	waiata.
To speak,	ki.
To stop,	whakamutu.page 372
To sow,	rui.
To swim,	kaukoe.
To take,	tango.
To teach,	ako.
To understand,	mohio.
To undo,	wewete.
To watch,	mataara.
To wash,	horoi.
To work,	mahi.

Useful Nouns.

Useful Adjectives.

Abundant,	ranea.
Afraid,	wehi.
Aged,	kaumatua.
Ashamed,	whakama.
Bad,	kino.
Bald,	pakira.
Black,	pango.
Blind,	matapo.
Brave,	maia.
Bright,	kanapa.page 373
Broad,	whanui.
Calm,	marino.
Carved,	whakairo.
Concealed,	huna.
Conceited,	whakahihi.
Confused,	porauraha.
Damp,	maku.
Dark,	pouri.
Deep,	hohonu.
Deceitful,	hangarau.
Dry,	maroke.
Fat,	momona.
False,	horihori.
G-ood,	pai.
Great,	Nui.
Hard,	pakeke.
Heavy,	toimaha.
High,	teiti.
Hot,	wera.
Idle,	mangere.
Light,	mama.
Loose,	korokoro.
Narrow,	whaiti.
Near,	tutata.
New,	hou.
Noisy,	turituri.
Open,	tuwhera.
Playful,	takaro.
Quarrelsome,	pahani.
Quick,	kakama.
Quiet,	marie.
Red,	whero.
Ripe,	pakari.
Round,	porotaka.
Salt,	mataitai.
Shallow,	pakupaku.
Sharp,	koi.
Short,	poto.
Slippery,	pahekeheke.
Slow,	ngoikore.
Small,	iti.
Soft,	ngawari.
Sour,	kawa.
Strong,	kaha.
Tall,	roa.
Tame,	rarata.
Thick,	matotoru.
Thin,	keroki.
Timid,	wehi.
True,	pono.
Uncooked,	kaimata.
Wasteful,	maumau.
Weak.	iwikore.
Wet,	maku.
White,	ma.
Winding,	awhiowhio.
Wild,	maka.
Wearisome,	hoha.