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Contributions to the Early History of New Zealand

Contents

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Contents

Chapter I.
Page
Introductory—The Pioneer Leaders—Emigration the Cure for Poverty—Mr. E. G. Wakefield's Theory—First Scotch Emigration to New Zealand in 1839—Public Meeting at Glasgow for Annexation of New Zealand—Deplorable State of Working People—Position of New Zealand Company 1
Chapter II.
The Colonial Gazette and New Zealand Journal—Mr. George Rennie, Jun.—Sketch of His Life—Sir Richard Rennie—The Original Scheme—Criticism upon it—The Directors' Views—Their Relations to the Government 7
Chapter III.
Captain William Cargill—Sketch of His Life—Mr. Rennie and the Colonial Office—Unsatisfactory Negotiations—Modified Scheme Proposed 13
Chapter IV.
The 'Disruption' of 1843—The Rev. Thomas Burns—Sketch of His Life—His Papers Destroyed—Scheme brought under notice of Free Church—Their Report upon it—Name of Dunedin given by Mr. William Chambers 17
Chapter V.
The Two Schemes Compared—Committee Formed—Mr. Rennie's Address to Farmers—Capt. Cargill's Letter to Colonial Gazette—Messrs. Rennie and Burns in Constant Communication—Their Serious Differences 23 page x
Chapter VI.
Governor Fitzroy departs for New Zealand—Further Troubles—Mr. Rennie again Negotiating with the Government—Begins to Relinquish the Leadership—Mr. Burns's Position—Dr. Andrew Aldcorn 27
Chapter VII.
Sketch of Middle Island Sixty Years Ago—Deans, a Pioneer Settler—Whaling Stations—Captain Cook, Herd, D'Urville, Bunbury, W. Mein Smith, Dr. Edward Shortland, Bishop Selwyn 32
Chapter VIII.
Permission to Purchase Land—Capt. J. J. Symonds, Commissioner —Mr. Tuckett—Sketch of his Life—Various Letters and Journals—Voyage of the Deborah—The Passengers—Port Cooper and the Plains—Overland from Moeraki to Waikouaiti —Mr. John Jones—Quarrel with Mr. Symonds, who returns to Wellington 40
Chapter IX.
Voyage continued—Otakou harbour—The Taieri—The Molyneux —Discovery of coal—Legend of the Maori Leap—Mr. Wohlers landed at Ruapuke—The Bluff and the New River—Stewart's Island 48
Chapter X.
Voyage concluded—Natives assembled at Koputai to complete Purchase—Fresh Quarrel with Mr. Symonds, who again returns to Wellington—Colonel Wakefield comes down with fresh officials—Perambulation of the Boundaries—Deed Drawn and Signed—Messrs. Nicholson, Allom, and Davison, surveyors, sent down—Mr. Tuckett's farewell 55
Chapter XI.
The first pioneers in 1845—Their mode of life—Anderson's Bay named—Sole dwellers in future Dunedin—Arrival of surveyors—Proceedings of Messrs. Cargill, Burns, and Aldcorn—Public meeting at Glasgow on May 16th—Formation of the Lay Association—Mr. Burns's trial—The Company's assistance suspended 63 page xi
Chapter XII.
Victory of the Company in the Three Days' Debate in the House of Commons—Their requirements from the Government—Fresh hope and labour—Pamphlet prepared for distribution —Efforts unsuccessful—Mr. Burns again takes clerical duty —The Lay Association—Their names 69
Chapter XIII.
Resumption of Surveys—Mr. C. H. Kettle—Sketch of His Life—Tenders called for Surveys—Short Account of the Surveyors —Their Contracts 74
Chapter XIV.
Description of Otepoti (Dunedin) and its Surroundings—Nomenclature Adopted—The Surveys Completed—The Pioneers Awaited 79
Chapter XV.
Government again Hostile—Mr. Gladstone—Resignation of the Peel Ministry—Earl Grey, the new Colonial Secretary—His Valuable Concessions—Renewed Hope and Activity—Division of Labour between Company and Lay Association—Terms of Purchase—Fresh Pamphlets Circulated—Meeting at Glasgow —Committees Formed—Mr. John McGlashan—Sketch of His Life—Dr. Aldcorn—Application for Vessels—The First Ballot 84
Chapter XVI.
The John Wickliffe and Philip Laing—The Argonauts—Incidents of arrival—Address of Captain Cargill—Gradual removal to Dunedin from the vessels—The barracks 92
Chapter XVII.
First Sermon—Price of Provisions—Selection of Sections—Church Property—The old First Church and School—Houses, Employment, Wages—The First Bell—Mr. Burns and the Eight Hours' System—Mr. Fox, the Company's new Agent—First Government Officials, Messrs. Strode and Macarthy—Postal Arrangements—The Otago News—Prices Current. 98 page xii
Chapter XVIII.
Bishop Selwyn's Second Visit—Mr. Burns's First Visitation—Mr. John Jones and Waikouaiti—Interior Communication—Mr. W. H. Valpy—First Anniversary—Outlying Districts—The Apple of Discord—The Library 106
Chapter XIX.
Early lessons in politics—Lord Grey's proposal to send convicts to the Colony—Meeting to consider E. G. Wakefield's letter regarding the New Zealand Company—Returns of Receipts and Expenditure; surplus of £900 carried off to Wellington—Self-government earnestly desired—Governor Grey's autocratic rule—His "Provincial Councils" Bill—His first visit to the settlement—Mr. Valpy nominated to the Legislative Council —Hostile feeling excited—The "Little Enemy"—Otago Settler's Association—No crime—The primitive gaol and gaoler—Mr. Justice Stephen appointed to Supreme Court—Demise of Otago News—Origin and history of Otago, Witness — Mr. Cutten first editor — The Colonist — Mr. James Macandrew 113
Chapter XX.
Surrender of New Zealand Company—Small progress of the settlement—Captain Cargill appointed Commissioner of Crown Lands—Further history of Lay Association—Mr. McGlashan's labours; suggestions to "New Zealand Constitution" Bill—Incidents connected with settlement—Formation of Investment and Agricultural Societies—Mechanics Institute—Further church arrangements—The school and library—Rise of English Church 126
Chapter XXI.
Attempt at banking and monetary affairs—Public grievances—Arrival of the New Constitution—Its provisions and obstacles encountered—Dinner to Captain Cargill—Eminent settlers—Electioneering—Sir G. Grey's new Land Regulations—Result of elections—Personnel of candidates—Some statistics to January 1854 of province—Journey to the Molyneux—Some explorations—Condition of town and country—Lively disputes—Arrival of Revs. W. Will and W. Bannerman—Dinner to Mr. John McGlashan 136 page xiii
Chapter XXII.
First and Second Sessions of Provincial Council, 1854 and 1855—Land Legislation and its Difficulties—First General Assembly—s.s. Nelson and Fares—Settling on the Land—First Emigration from Australia—The Gil Blas' Voyage—Emigration from Great Britain—Road and Town Board Ordinances —Educational Matters and Mr. Grant's Academy—Postal Arrangements—Dissolution of Council, and Enlarged House and Districts—Dr. Schmidt's Disastrous Attempt at Exploration —Captain Stokes of the Acheron 154
Chapter XXIII.
Progress and activity in 1856—Increased Land Sales—Governor Browne's Visit—He names Inyercargill—Mr. J. T. Thomson, the Surveyor—His Reconnaissance Survey—Roads and Travel —North Otago—Fresh Emigration—Sir John Richardson—Streets and Cemetery—Little Paisley—A Marriage—Separation and Reunion of Southland 167
Chapter XXIV.
Mr. Cutten, new Commissioner of Lands—Deficiency in Safe—Introduction of Steam—Regular Communication along Coast and with Melbourne—Postal Advance—Progress of Roads and Town—Suggested Water Supply—Some Statistics—First Photography—Conversion of Mechanics' Institute to Athenæum — Progress of Presbyterian Church—Provision for Maoris—The Maoris—Capt. Cargill's Last Session—Clutha Coal Fields—Governor Browne's Second Visit—Mr. George Smith and Park House—The Last Council before the "Diggings"—Exploration of Lake Wakatipu—The New Council—Mr. Macandrew 181
Chapter XXV.
Major Richardson, the new Superintendent—Gold at the Lindis—Gabriel's Gully—The change from old to new—Barr and Blair, the poets; Brown, the artist—Thatcher and the "Old Identity "—Close 197
Appendix A 203
Appendix B 226
Appendix C 230
Appendix D 264
Appendix E 277
Appendix F 286
Appendix G 297