Science and the Worker.

Similarly then, in the factory, the unorganised method is not calculated to help the worker. Too often it is in direct opposition to natural laws, so that his body—his physical energies—soon pay the price. He becomes worn out. By standardising and selecting methods there is a regard for natural laws, and a conservation of energy which is, in the main, utilised as much after knock-off time as before. By such organisation greater freedom is, in effect, brought about. The retention of certain clearly defined movements makes them mechanical. They become habitual, and when that is brought about the employee works with considerably less effort than when the whole day he is compelled to think almost exclusively about his job.

It will be patent, too, that where science has come to the aid of the worker there is less chance of a break-down due to strain, for no foreman would work without a “pause principle.” The only matter which can really affect an employee so that he becomes completely “mechanised” (if such a term can be used), is by working unduly long hours. When this stage is reached, then it is time to make some effort to shorten the number of hours worked. I have no doubt such an arrangement would bring about the desired result very quickly, for human life is too precious to be so laid waste. However, that aspect does not appear to be imminent.