Separation of Civil and Military.

That was not the only issue of the quarrel between the Governor and the General. The Colonial Office intervened to define and limit the prerogatives of the Governor. In 1865 the Department laid it down that a Governor, though Captain-General and Commander-in-Chief by the patent of his office, "is not entitled to take the immediate direction of any military operation." In the following year, standing by his colleague at the War Office, Lord Carnarvon, who had succeeded the Duke of Newcastle page 151at the Colonial Office, instructed the Governor that he was not at liberty to exercise control over the movements of the troops. As proud as a savage chief, Grey keenly felt the indignity that was put upon him. His reply was not unworthy of himself. While deeply feeling the disgrace of such a reprimand and such a rule, he would make it his "pride to serve the Queen in disgrace as in prosperity." He argued against the adoption of the rule, and his contention was supported by the Duke of Cambridge in the House of Lords in July, 1867. The Field-Marshal Commanding-in-Chief magnanimously held that "no more dangerous step could be taken," and he laid it down as a principle that "the military authorities must and ought to be subject to the civil." We are not surprised that, in this conflict of authorities, the Governor was threatened with removal.