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Manual of the New Zealand Flora.
Tribe 4. Helianthoideæ
Tribe 4. Helianthoideæ.
Heads heterogamous, usually radiate, rarely discoid, or with the ray deficient and then homogamous. Receptacle with scales among the florets. Anther-cells not tailed. Style-branches truncate or furnished with an appendix. Pappus of stiff awns or short scales, never of capillary bristles.
| Involucral bracts in two series: outer narrow, glandular, spreading; inner broader, erect, and enclosing the ray-florets. Pappus wanting | 14. Siegesbeckia. |
| Involucral bracts in two series, about equal. Pappus of 2–4 stiff awns | 15. Bidens. |