Maori Religion and Mythology Part 2

Index

page 629

Index

Abode of death, 62, 82.
Abortion, method to procure, 126-127.
Abuse, origin of, 285.
Abyss, final, 88. See also Reinga; Underworld.
Adoption, origin of, 289. Adorning houses with painted designs, 287-288.
Adornment, branches of, 228. See also Carving; Decoration; Feathers.
Adzes, 19, 116, 183, 295, 413, 430, 440, 444, 448, 453, 459, 537.
Aesop's Fables, 196, 560.
Affection, origin of, 277. Afterbirth, used in a magic act causing conception, 127, 616.
Afterworld, 101.
Agni: the fire god of India, 245.
Agriculture, 10.
- and magic, 132.
- represented by Rongo, 303.
Ahiahi, Te: The Evening, 26.
Ahi a Tapeka: a sister of Mahuika, 245.
Ahi a Ue: subterranean fire, 248.
Ahi komau: subterranean fire, 245, 248, 249.
Ahi manawa: a gleaming appearance of the heavens, 303, 610.
Ahi matiti charms, 175.
Ahi o Tapeka: fire of the underworld, 585.
Ahi tahoka: a spell, 125.
Ahi taitai: a tapu fire, 188.
Ahi tawnata: spells launched at objective, 125.
Ahi ta whakataumata: a charm, 124.
Ahi tipua: subterranean fire, 245, 248, 282.
Ahi tirehurehu: a magic rite performed in war time, 180.
Ahi tupua: subterranean fire, 245.
Ahi umuroa: volcanic fire, 248.
Ahi whakaene: magic rites, 179, 180.
Ahoaho o Tukapua: the Cloud House, 306, 307, 418.
Ahua: the semblance of a man, object or quality, 33, 34, 50, 52, 131, 151, 175, 183, 187. See also Aria; Ata; Hau; Mawe.
Ahurangi, Te: guardian of the moon, 255, 393.
Aifa' arua'i: a monster of the Society Group, 498, 499.
Aine: an Irish fairy queen, 420.
Aitanga a Punga
- a term for ugly persons, 259.
- reptiles, 318.
Aitanga a Tiki: mankind, 322.
Aitanga o Nukumaitore: tree-dwelling beings, 219.
Aitanga pepeke: the insect family, 319.
Aitanga: tree-dwelling beings, 217.
Aitiawa folk of Taranaki, 243, 607.
Aitua
- denoting misfortune in ordinary ver-nacular speech, 294.
- evil omen, 60, 594, 595, 604, 605, 619.
Aitua: personified form of misfortune, 278, 294, 312, 595.
Aitu: meaning of, 523-524.
Aitutaki Island, mythology of, 74, 444, 445, 475.
Aka children, the names of, 272.
Aka (climbing and creeping plants), origin of, 261, 272.
Aka: path by which spirits descend to the underworld, 89, 90.
Akea: a Polynesian name for Watea, 301.
Ake-rautangi, slain to serve as weapons, 443.
Albino
- a term associated with the Patupaiarehe folk, 549.
- owls as ominous, 532, 533, 535.
- pigeon, as an omen, 344, 599.
Albinos, 557.
- origin of, 547.
Alexander Turnbull Library, 12, 13.
Algonquin Indians, their belief concerning the lizard, 461.
Allegorical concepts and system of teaching, 196, 197, 290, 291.
Allegorical stories, 197, 329.
Allegory, in myth, 199.
Amokura plumes adorning a woman, 557.
Amorangi of atua, 203.
Amulets, 135, 140, 621.
Ancestor placation, 61.page 630
Ancestors, 62, 66, 157.
- deified, 328, 427, 590.
- genuine and fictitious, 196, 200, 294.
Ancestor worship, 49, 61.
Ancestral spirits, 43, 48, 55, 87.
- offerings to, 80.
- protecting power of, 48.
Ancestries, invention of, 195-196.
Angaanga: denotes spirit or soul at Niue Island, 55.
Angels of Mons, 193, 203.
Animism, 40, 192.
Aniwaniwa: the rainbow, 415.
Ant and cicada, a fable, 576-578.
Antares: star representing Rehua, 259, 271, 310.
Anthropogenic myths, 192, 196, 201, 220.
Anthropologists, 11, 109, 195, 197, 231, 290.
Anthropomorphism, 293.
Anuanua: the rainbow, 415.
Anuhe: caterpillar, 319.
- origin of body designs, 269, 577, 578.
Aokapuarangi: house of Te Ihorangi, Tama-te-uira and Tukapua, 304, 307.
Ao marama: the world of light and life, 57, 68, 105, 381.
Ao names pertaining to the personified forms of clouds, 251, 306.
Ao nui, ao roa, ao te whaia: terms denoting daylight, 240.
Ao-nui: a personified form of clouds, 251, 339, 468.
Aopouri tribe, 209.
Aoroa: a personified form of clouds, 251, 468.
Aotea: an apartment in Reinga, 72.
Aotea folk, 153, 263, 433.
Aotea Maid, 325.
Aotea: New Zealand, 116, 276.
Aotearoa: New Zealand, 215, 239, 366, 372, 413, 415, 443, 450, 453, 454, 459, 545, 556, 583, 589, 602.
Aotea, vessel, 506.
Aoturoa: the upperworld, 378, 381.
Apa
- Cloud Maidens, 251.
- denizens of the heavens, 382.
- spirits of the dead, 43.
Apa hau: spirits of the dead, 43.
Apartari: a guardian of the entrance to the underworld, 75.
Aphorisms, tribal, 465.
Apparitional
- soul, 50.
- spirit, 39, 42, 46.
- See also Kehua.
Aputahi-rangi and the Aputahi-a-Paora: the Wind Children, 411.
Arahura natives, 455.
Ara matua: the four main spirit roads, 95, 97.
Ara taepa: path to the heavens, 96.
Ara tauteka, 97.
Ara tauwhaiti: denotes a canoe, 272.
Ara tiatia o Tane: path by which Tane ascended to the heavens, 97.
Ara tiatia: path to the heavens, 96, 99, 100, 249, 429.
Arawa folk, 55, 136, 189, 361, 431, 551.
Arawa Native Contingent, 128.
Arawaru: spirits pertaining to the sea, 41, 224, 549, 550, 574, 575.
Arawaru, Te: a being representing shellfish, 256, 317, 318.
Arawa vessel, 50, 115-116, 167, 254.
Ara whanui a Tane: path of the dead, 91, 92, 394. See also Broad Path of Tane.
Ara whanui
- path of the dead, 92.
- path of the setting sun, 91.
Arawhata, 97.
Aria
- material form of the incarnation of an atua, 33, 270.
- semblance of a spirit or thing, 34, 40, 151, 159, 187.
- See also Ahua; Ata; Mawe.
Ariaria: a premonition of evil, 383.
Ariki: high chiefs, 19, 67, 171.
- female, 126.
- of bird flock, 536.
- of shellfish, 613.
Ariki-noanoa: personified form of edible fern root, 135.
Ariki-taniwha: a man with sufficient mana to be able to call a taniwha to his assistance, 476, 484, 485.
Armed Constabulary, 10.
Aroaro-mahana: personified form of spring, 311.
Arohirohi: personified form of the shimmering heat of summer, 310.
Aruhe: fern root, 593.
- origin of, 275.
Ascension to the heavens, the concept of, 80. See also Heavens.
Ashes, their use in magic acts, 119, 120.
Asia
- and the myth of the phallic eel, 364.
- Maori myths traced to, 198.
- Polynesian recollection of the crocodiles of, 600.
Asia, Southern, beliefs of, 16, 18, 598.
- national records of, 197.
Asia, South East, Ira, the eel god of, 365.
Asia, Western, belief of, 54.
Asiatic methods of teaching lore, 197.
Asiatic myths, 110, 420.page 631
Astral body, 42.
Astronomical knowledge of the Maori, 10.
- myths, 97, 361, 598.
Ata-a-rangi: shadow, soul, spirit, 32, 33.
Ata-a-wai: a spirit, 175.
Atahu
- a love charm, 159, 214.
- a rite to acquire a woman, 576.
Ataiorongo, Te: a taniwha, 482-484.
Ataranga: the Rarotongan Taranga, 334.
Ata: shadow, soul, spirit, 32, 33, 34, 36, 161, 163, 173, 174. See also Ahua; Aria; Ata; Wairua.
Atea: a Polynesian name for Watea, 301.
Atea: name denoting a vast open expanse, 253.
Atiawa tribe, 243, 493, 498, 533, 536, 607.
Ati-Hapai folk of the Tihi o Manono, 437.
Atua (gods, demons, &c.), 42, 43, 44, 46, 48, 55, 56, 74, 82, 126, 150, 183, 222, 252, 255, 270, 274, 278, 297, 298, 300, 302, 305, 313, 328, 339, 396, 398, 401, 415, 416, 458, 463, 464, 477, 510, 517, 521, 538, 547, 558, 590, 595, 604, 618, 621.
- as benefactors of mankind, 43, 44.
- as meteors, 177, 589.
- controllers of the ocean, 252.
- defined, 43, 48, 82, 328.
- fashion a vessel for Rata, 445.
- images of, 132, 153, 203.
- implanted in objects, 292-293.
- malevolent, 43, 155, 305, 538, 539, 621.
- mediums of, 44, 151, 305.
- names, 220, 222, 389.
- offering to, 417, 476-417.
- of the rainbow, 427. See also Uenuku.
- of thunder and lightning, 305, 422.
- placation of, 595.
- powers possessed by, 43, 56, 151, 153, 155, 183, 293, 458.
- presiding over fruits and seeds, 274.
- rite to weaken the powers of, 126.
- taniwha as, 517.
- that assist mariners, 395, 396.
- thought and memory derived from, 313.
- visible forms of, 107, 177, 191, 270, 589, 621.
Atua maori, powers of, 142, 589.
Atua ngarara: lizard gods, 463.
Atua ngau tangata: gods or demons, 106, 225, 226.
Atua Patupaiarehe, 549.
Atua whakahaehae: spirits of the dead, 42.
Auahi-turoa: personified form of com-ets, 244, 245, 304.
Au o te mate: current of death, 68.
Aurora australis, origin of, 589.
Australian blacks, 193. Aute and the Whau, a fable, 578.
Aute: bark cloth, 339.
- kite formed from, 434.
Avaiki: a Polynesian name for the underworld, 76, 88, 385.
Avenging, 168, 169, 224-225, 587.
- by magic Acts, 111-112, 128, 129, 130, 131, 168, 172, 173, 184.
- death, 75, 124, 169, 172, 277, 286, 426, 432, 440, 442.
- slain friends, the origin of, 277.
Awa district of Bay of Plenty, 507.
Awa folk, 176, 270, 477, 479. See also Ngati Awa folk.
Awa folk of Matahua, 394.
Awa folk of Te Teko, 155, 484.
Awa folk of Whakatane, 259, 266, 268, 355, 414, 478, 577.
Awa kehe, 49.
Awanga o te poho: the hollow in the breast bone of man, the origin of, 243-244.
Awa o Tainui: a formula, 483.
Awarua: fairway of the centre of a house, 232.
Awarua-o-Porirua: a monster dwelling at Porirua, 514-515.
Awe: ethereal spirit, 100.
Awhio-rangi: name for a famous tapu ceremonial adze, 116, 295, 453, 537.
Awhiowhio, awhiorangi, urupuhau, rorohau: names for a whirlwind, 96.

Babylonian
- beliefs, 59, 618.
- deluge fable, borrowed by Christianity, 404.
- myths, 291.
Baldness
- causes of, 487, 608.
- origin of, 279.
Baptism, 10, 183, 338.
- ceremony of, 580-581.
Barbaric man (mind, belief, mentality, &c.), 18, 31, 41, 52, 103, 160, 197, 202, 290, 291, 294, 297, 328, 398, 401.
Barbaric Maori, 99, 203.
Basket of Evil, 105, 137, 139, 147. See also Kete tuatea; Whare maire.
Baskets of knowledge, 137, 284.
Bat
- personified, 566.
- slaying test, 138.
page 632
Battle between the fish tribes and man, a fable, 571, 572.
Battle of the birds, a fable, 446, 561-562.
Bay of Islands natives, 621.
Bay of Plenty tribes, 55, 65, 89, 137, 275, 409. See also Ngati Awa.
Belts, origin of, 229.
Bewitching, 104, 105, 109, 139, 143, 151, 152, 157, 159, 162, 168, 173, 174, 178, 181, 191, 383, 489, 597. See also Black magic; Makutu; Witchcraft.
Bible, 43, 110.
Bird
- calls as omens, 211, 212, 595, 596, 598-599, 613.
- fables and folk tales, 561-568.
- first caught, offered to the gods, 53.
- man eating, 248.
- man slaying, 510-511.
- preserver of the number twelve, 36.
- producing beings, 263.
- slaying tests, 138, 150.
- snaring, 47, 49, 189, 355, 496.
- spearing, 208, 209, 355.
- spear, invention of the barb for, 354, 355, 356, 357.
- taking season, 53, 190.
- that repeats karakia, 132.
Birds
- and mauri of forests, 49, 53. 139.
- and Rehua, 320.
- as friends of Maui, 296, 380.
- as guides, 229.
- as messengers, 132, 575.
- as the iho of lands, 55.
- as visible forms of atua, 191.
- battle between, a fable, 446, 561-562.
- beliefs and superstitions regarding, 276, 598-599, 614.
- deserting a forest, charm to prevent, 597.
- diminution of numbers, cause of, 48.
- foods supplies for, origin of, 273-274, 320.
- flying in flocks, origin of, 548.
- guardians of, 263.
- Maui assumes the form of, 62, 317, 342, 344, 345, 346, 349, 352, 354, 376, 378, 384.
- mauri of, 532.
- mythical, 265, 277, 563-564.
- ominous, 164, 211, 229-230, 532, 533, 535.
- origin of, 263-267, 296-297, 316-317, 432, 461, 463.
- personified, 99, 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 296, 316-317.
- persons assuming the form of, 62, 361.
- preserved by rahui, 185.
- speaking, 211, 212.
- species of, originators of, 266.
- stories pertaining to, 560.
- tapu, 265, 535, 536, 544.
- tapu breaking, 21-22.
- tapu, origin of, 265.
- tipua, 532, 533, 534, 535.
Birth, 10, 29, 127, 190, 289, 386, 391, 396.
- omens and superstitions pertaining to, 616-617.
Black magic, 24, 44, 47, 55, 69, 102, 103, 111, 126, 128, 131, 136-143, 176, 262, 284, 289, 360, 450, 462.
- acquisition of the knowledge of, 113.
- and the use of mediums, 52, 124, 125, 151, 170.
- as evil, 105-106, 108-109, 114.
- causing death, 44, 169, 170. See also Avenging.
- directed against wairua, 172.
- introduced to this world by Rohe, 363.
- karakia pertaining to, 110.
- nullifying the effects of, 163.
- rahui supported by, 186.
- source of the arts, of, 98, 289.
- spells associated with, 125, 126, 179,
- teaching of, 137-143, 148, 150, 461.
- thieves punished by, 174.
- See also Makutu; Whare maire; Witchcraft.
Blessing, over food, 162.
Blind fisherman, the, and his dog, the story of, 570.
Blindfolding during a ceremony, 523.
Blind Hina, 347, 390.
Blindness
- a charm to cure, 123.
- cured, 428.
- personified, 383.
Blind old woman, fable of, 580-581.
Blood
- and tapu, 25, 26-27, 28.
- bestowed upon man, 56.
- Maui's, used as a medium by Hine, 378, 379, 382, 383.
- used in magic acts, 124, 158, 159, 172, 378, 379, 381, 382, 383.
- used to bait the fish hook of Maui, 371, 372.
- vengeance, 509, 609.
Bonaparte, cause of his fall, 17.
Bones
- as mediums in magic acts, 132.
- exhumation of, 59, 119, 474.
- of enemies used as fish hooks and spear points, 288.
Borneo
- Dyaks of, spiritual beliefs and mythol-ogy, 398, 444.
- tribes, spiritual beliefs, 31.
Boundary marks, 153, 157, 188, 409, 597. See also Pou rahui.page 633
Bowditch Islands, and the goddess of fire, 247.
Bracken fern
- personified, 269, 275.
- rhizome of, personified, 322.
Breast bone of man, origin of hollow in, 241, 243-244.
Breath
- as medium for magic, 111-112.
- final, 82.
- terms denoting, 53-54.
Breath of life, 53.
British New Guinea, ceremonial copula-tion practised in, 616.
Broad Path of Tane: path to the underworld, 68, 84, 92, 100, 101, 230, 314, See also Tahekeroa.
Broad way of Tane, 230.
Bulrush vessel used in a magic act, 153.
Burial cave, 23, 463, 466.
Burial of charmed objects, 150, 156.
Burial of the dead, 94, 169.
- Egyptian and Maori, 59.
- the origin of, 278.
Burial places, 58, 71.
- and tapu, 24.
Burma, a belief in indwelling spirits in trees at, 443.

Caesarian operation, 218, 219, 513, 514, 553.
Calabash
- myth of the winds confined in, 412-413.
- on the moon, 281, 394.
Cannibalism, 77, 78, 129-130, 150, 394, 395, 399, 420, 613.
- origin of, 275-276.
Cannibal women, 76, 395, 433.
Canoe
- a stone mauri of, 49.
- of Kupe, 204, 206, 591.
- of Mataora, 235-236.
- of Maui, 360, 407, 591.
- of Rata, 267, 295-296, 440-448, 548.
- of Ruatapu, 404.
- of Tawhaki, 428, 432.
- of Whakatau, 438.
- represented by a star group, 376.
- See also Vessel.
Canoe making, 17, 25, 132, 189, 272, 295-296, 313, 440, 441, 443, 587.
- omens associated with, 608, 614.
Canoes, 10.
- and the crossing of Raukawa, 541-544.
- consumed by taniwha, 478, 503, 504, 505, 508.
- guided by Tuhirangi (Pelorus Jack), 207.
- magic arts associated with, 117, 130, 153, 160, 206.
- taniwha protector of, 484.
- turned to stone, 591.
- See also Vessels.
Cappadocia, women preserve crops at, 614.
Carved designs, 190.
Carving, 461, 608.
- origin of, 286, 287.
- symbolic, 461.
- See also Wood carving.
Caterpillar pests, origin of, 577-578.
Cave abodes of taniwha, 491, 492, 493, 494, 495, 499, 500, 502.
Cave entrance to Reinga, 78.
Celestial Mist Maid, 268, 294, 418, 559.
Celestial phenomenon
- as omens, 610-611.
- personified, 303, 610-611.
Celestial visitors, 399-401.
Celtic mythology, 598.
Ceremonial
- adzes, 116, 183, 537.
- averting impending calamity, 179.
- connected with fire-walking, 131.
- copulation, 615, 616.
- demons expelled by, 618.
- destruction of sweet potato pests, 190.
- divorce, 123-124.
- feast, 29, 93, 94, 190, 279.
- fires, 95, 258.
- hair cutting, 28, implements, 459.
- lizards eaten during, 462.
- lustration, 100.
- neglect of, 446.
- opening of a house, 429, 430.
- peace making, 465.
- performances of olden times, 179.
- pertaining to childbirth, 391.
- pertaining to the seeking and taking of greenstone, 454.
- purification of Hawaiki-nui, 100.
- restorative, 105.
- restriction (tapu), 15, 17.
- rods, 172.
- suppressive, 121.
- tapu -lifting, 29, 598, 614-615.
- tapu places used for, 211.
- the left and right side in, 596-597.
- to protect the life principle of the sweet potato, 18.
- uses for, 124.
- wand, 191. See also Tira.
- wind raising and laying, 412.
- See also Ceremonies; Charms; For-mulae; Rites; Ritual;
- Spells.
page 634
Ceremonies, 131, 149, 288, 451-452, 476, 485, 522, 525, 527, 529, 546.
- against non-success, 612-613.
- baptism, 580-581.
- despatching the soul to the spirit world, 82, 83.
- divinatory, 599, 603.
- divorce, 123-124.
- frost averting, 410.
- fire-walking, 131.
- healing, 122.
- of placation, 458, 522, 523, 524, 546.
- over an infant, 29.
- over gifts, 20, 106.
- pertaining to labours, 132.
- places where performed, 122, 163, 172, 342, 447.
- protective, 183.
- purification, 92.
- rectifying an infringement of tapu, 29.
- ruined, 458.
- tapu lifting, 28, 29, 166, 441, 541.
- to awaken a person's conscience, 104.
- to cause conception, 616.
- to cause rain to cease, 28.
- to cause the return of stolen goods, 174.
- to constitute a stone a mauri, 49.
- to endow with mana, 49.
- to nullify evil influences, 20, 106.
- to render dangerous places innocuous, 157.
- to transfer knowledge, 110.
- weather weakening, 121.
- See also Ceremonial; Charms; For-mulae; Rites; Ritual; Spells.
Ceres, as the equivalent of Pani, 237.
Chaldea, and the predilection for the number twelve, 26.
Chants, 81, 83, 96, 101, 300, 303, 396, 517, 562, 577, 607, 610.
Chaos
- the ten periods of, 240.
- the tenth period of, 242, 255.
Charcoal, ceremonial use of, 121.
Charmed
- buried objects, 150.
- dark, 134.
- fly, 159.
- footsteps, 134.
- line, 155.
- objects, 576.
- places, 143, 155.
- water, 572.
- weapon, 165.
Charms, 49, 50, 89, 104-105, 106, 110, 113, 115, 116, 124, 128, 130, 132, 139, 141, 142, 153, 161, 164-166, 170, 172, 174, 178, 181, 238, 254, 261, 273-274, 304, 398, 406, 413, 424, 429, 433, 447, 450, 472, 482, 507, 508, 512, 517, 524, 528, 535-536, 537, 571, 575, 576, 593, 597-598, 602, 612, 618, 620.
- acquired from the heavens, 432.
- associated with greenstone, 454.
- associated with rain, 119, 408.
- associated with weapons, 125, 164, 165-166, 597.
- bone setting, 491.
- Cause of effectiveness, 53, 106, 107, 117, 118, 142, 143, 597.
- causing the sweet potato to grow, 312.
- Counter-, 162-163.
- death dealing, 165-166.
- defensive, 183.
- divinatory, 171, 190-191.
- empowering magic darts, 133-135, 346, 374.
- evil diverting, 105, 162-163, 169, 598.
- fishing, 301, 437, 572.
- frost averting, 410.
- healing, 123, 597.
- love, 159, 214, 576.
- luring, 374.
- ocean calming, 115, 116, 166.
- of Maui, 135, 342, 345, 350, 351, 365, 371, 372.
- pertaining to agriculture, 132.
- petrifying, 506.
- prolonging daylight, 122.
- slaying, 104.
- storm raising and calming, 117.
- Tangaroa as repository of, 113.
- the hau taken with, 151-152.
- to affect taniwha, 503, 504, 512.
- to afflict thieves, 175.
- to awaken a person's conscience, 104-105.
- to cause a wairua to appear, 169.
- to cause deafness, 128.
- to cause sleep, 115, 154.
- to change the weather, 116, 410.
- to cure burns, 424.
- to despatch the spirit to the spirit world, 41, 82.
- to dispel fog, 121.
- to expel demons, 191.
- to interfere with natural laws, 410.
- to make gifts safe, 183, 609.
- to placate tipua, 507, 522, 524, 528.
- to render persons fleet of foot, 120, 134, 164.
- to render persons invisible, 127.
- to shorten or lengthen distance, 122, 212.
- to weaken enemies, 116, 124.
- used by pursuers and the pursued, 135, 164-n"165".
- used by travellers, 105, 122, 134, 183, 524.
- wind raising and laying, 119, 120-121, 412.page 635
- See also Formulae; Karakia; Spells.
Chatham Islands
- mythology of, 246, 299, 308.
- settlement, how the Maori came to know of, 602.
- See also Moriori.
Chieftain class, 81.
Child birth. See Birth.
Childish myth, 203.
Child of Pani, 237.
Child of Upokoroa, fire as, 309.
Children
- any fairy tales, 193.
- formula to establish the sex of, 127.
- of Rangi and Papa, 87, 292, 299, 307, 312, 320.
- omens associated with the sex of, 616-617.
Children of Cold, the, names of, 283.
Children of the Mist, 294. See also Tuhoe.
China, a belief concerning greenstone at, 449.
Chinese belief in three souls, 32.
Chopping the waves, a magic act, 116.
Christ, 409.
Christian cults, 285.
Christianity, 16, 59, 60, 76, 109, 123, 157, 162, 191, 231, 463, 618. See also Hell.
Christian myth, 231, 365, 403, 404.
Cicada
- a song of, 577.
- personified, 320.
Cicada and the ant, the, a fable, 576-578.
Circumcision, 417.
Civilised man, 35, 203, 416.
Civil law
- makutu as a substitute for, 102-103, 107.
- Maori lacked, 612.
- rahui as a substitute for, 186.
- tapu as representing, 17.
Clan areas, 189.
Clans
- expelled for indulging in makutu, 115.
- represented by a piece of lizard in the whakautuutu act, 180.
Clay Maid, the, 242.
Cleansing operations, symbolic, 29.
Cliff children, 324.
Cliff Maid, the, 281.
Cloak called Rangi-haupapa, 229.
Clothing
- discarded by spirits on the way to the spirit world, 85, 86.
- discarded for the performance of tapu rites, 170, 172.
- worn in the underworld, 77.
- See also Garments.
Cloud Children, the, 306, 307, 413, 418, 419-420, 467.
Cloud Flock, the, 251.
Cloud House, the, 306, 418, 563.
Cloud Maidens, 251.
Cloud Maid, the, 250, 304, 420.
Clouds
- origin of, 221, 250-252, 282.
- personified forms of, names of, 306-307, 339, 468.
Cochin China, a belief concerning the lizard and death at, 461.
Coconut, the mythical origin of, 367, 390.
Coffin fashioned by Tama, 238, 239.
Cold
- offspring of, 283.
- personified forms of, 310.
Cold Ones, the 306.
Comets
- and the origin of fire, 244, 245, 309.
- as omens, 177, 304, 422, 611.
- personified forms of, 244, 304, 423.
Communistic mode of life of the Maori, 103.
Comparative research, weakness in, 201, 202.
Compass points
- personified forms of, 149, 315, 316, 396.
- proper names pertaining to, 315.
Conception, 10, 221.
- to cause by magic, 127, 616.
- to prevent by magic, 126.
Cook, Captain James
- account of the first voyage, 329.
- account of the Tahitians, 39, 40.
- an absurd story in connection with, 206.
- and the first record concerning taniwha, 473.
- his method of interviewing natives, 156.
- remarks on Maori stories concerning greenstone, 448, 449.
Cooked food, 235.
- and protective magic, 43, 58, 163, 184.
- and the defiling of the mauri of a forest, 47.
- and the female sex, 28.
- and the pollution of tapu, 20, 28, 127, 480, 493, 609, 613, 555.
- as a medium in magic acts 158, 161, 163, 184.
- as an offering, 445, 458.
- as a protection against the night, 43, 58.
- as the antithesis of tapu, 20.
- dreaded by kehua, 43.
- dreaded by Tahurangi and Turehu page 636folk, 554, 555, 556. See also Raw-eaters.
- evil influence of, nullified by a formula, 183, 184.
- folk ignorant of, 226. See also Raw-eaters.
- See also Food.
Cooking
- a kumara in a tapu removing act, 180.
- methods, 620.
- of the roots of the cabbage tree, 131.
- omens and superstitions associated with, 609, 615.
- origin of, 275.
- using an umu or pit, 131.
- with tapu wood chips, 29-30.
Cooking pots, tricked into washing in, 191.
Cooking shed, causing pollution, 20, 106, 609.
Cook Islands
- accounts of native life at, lacking, 202.
- concept of the underworld at, 89.
- iho and ihoiho, meaning of at, 55.
- Land Court of, 114.
- mythology of, 199, 273, 301, 351, 363, 388, 390, 397, 413.
Cook's vessel, karakia to remove evil influences from, 125.
Copulation, ceremonial act of, 615, 616.
Corpse, the handling of, 23.
Cosmogenic genealogies, 291, 301, Cosmogenic myths, 35, 192, 196, 201, 220, 258, 275, 293, 595.
Cosmogony, Maori, 12.
Crayfish
- names of the seven kinds, 257.
- origin of, 243, 257, 265, 429.
Crayfish pot, the invention of the entrance to, 356, 357.
Crazytown, 194.
Cresent symbol of Rongo, 397.
Crippled Rongo, 389.
Crocodiles
- and the origin of taniwha myths, 474, 475, 501.
- traditional recollection of, 600.
Crops
- and magic, 132.
- and ohonga, 153.
- mauri of, 50.
- See also Agriculture.
Cuchulainn: a Celtic god, 598.
Cuckoo, the, beliefs pertaining to, 564-565.
Cult
- of Io, 197.
- of Zoroastrianism, 18.
Cults, 196, 285.
Cultivated plants, the spirits of, 18.
Cultivation of food in the spiritworld, 59, 77, 226, 231.
Cultivations under tapu, 25.
Culture and lore of the Maori, 10.
Culture stage
- high, 107, 202.
- myth as the fruit of, 193, 238.
- of the Maori, 328, 594.
- secondary, 31.
Current of death, 68.

Dancing. See Posture dancing.
Dark Hina, 303, 360, 386, 387. See also Hina-uri.
Darkness
- and the meaning of the word po, 69.
- deeds of, in the upperworld, 229.
- represented by Tangaroa, 76.
- represented by Whiro, 304.
- the realm of, 68, 69, 77, 87, 213.
- Versus Light, 333, 385.
Dark skinned folk of Irihia, 231.
Darts
- game of, 132-133.
- magic, 132-133, 134, 135, 455, 457, 458.
Dart throwing contests, 339-340.
Dawn Maid, the, 56, 62, 63, 67, 69, 79, 81, 112, 193, 327, 362, 377, 383, 384. See also Hine-nui-te-po; Hine-titama.
Dawn Maid, ex-, 79, 246.
Dawn Maid myth, the, 64.
Dawn personified, 311, 561.
Day and Night, the origin of, 281.
Daylight
- and the capture of celestial visitors, 400.
- destroys the hordes of Tangaroa, 286-287.
- hours, prolonged by magic, 121-122.
Daytime, the origin of, 240.
Day versus Night, 385.
Dead, the
- burial of, 59, 69, 278.
- buried in the homeland (Irihia), 94.
- charms repeated over, 82, 83.
- Egyptian beliefs concerning, 59.
- farewelling, 73, 83, 91, 97, 100.
- guardian of, 384.
- highborn, 119.
- laments for, 96, 97, 99, 100, 278.
- returning as ghosts, 42.
- spirits of. See Spirits; Underworld.
- tapu connected with, 23.
- the subterranean realm of, 112.
- vagueness of Maori belief concerning, 78.
page 637
Dead trees as a sign of wizardry, 167.
Death, 33, 43, 60, 64, 73-74, 82-84, 110, 277-278, 363, 377, 378, 460, 522, 596.
- abode of, 62, 82.
- and tapu, 18, 23, 24, 25.
- and the mauri, 46, 101.
- avenged, 75, 124, 169, 172, 277, 286, 294, 379, 426, 432, 440, 442.
- caused by black magic, 106, 108, 109, 111, 112, 115, 140, 141, 153, 157, 167, 169, 176. See also Makutu.
- charms, formulae, and ritual acts associated with, 82-83.
- goddess of, 384.
- life after, universal belief in, 60.
- Maui strives to abolish, 377-384.
- natural, 115, 294.
- of atua, 278.
- of wairua, 180.
- origin of, 73, 278, 363, 377.
- personified form of, 62.
- prohibitions pertaining to, 23.
- returning from, 87.
- willed to, 140.
Decapitated
- head placed on a pou-rahui, 189.
- speaking heads, 592.
Decoration
- of a warriors hair, 565.
- of houses, origin of, 287-288.
- of pataka, 481.
Decorative designs, the origin of, 286.
Decorative plumes, 265.
Defensive charms, 183.
Defensive rite: 177.
Deification, 81.
Deified ancestors, 328, 427, 590.
Deluge myths, 232, 235-237, 401-408.
Demon
- log, 531.
- lore, 472.
- lore class of myth, 198.
- voice, 582.
- world, 481.
Demoniacal possession, 24, 618.
Demons, 58, 71, 74, 75, 106, 111, 123, 141, 150, 191, 223, 224, 225, 226, 305, 472, 477, 487, 506, 510-511, 521, 538, 551-552, 595, 618.
Descent from the gods, 415, 546.
- mythical lines of, 220, 336.
Desecration of tapu, 126, 127, 493. See also Tapu.
Devil-fish, 206.
Devilry, 414.
Devils, evil acts of, 76.
Devil, the, 65, 79.
Disease
- curing, 171.
- emanating from demons, gods and evil spirits, 24, 224, 225-226, 329.
- magic and ham as the main cause of, 108.
- omens and superstitions pertaining to, 122, 123, 618-621.
- origin of, 222, 279, 291.
- personified forms of, 123, 149, 226, 313, 314.
- See also Sickness.
Divination, 415.
Divinatory rites and acts, 164, 171, 175, 261, 594, 595, 599, 603, 607, 610, 615, 616.
Diviner, 170.
Divine spirit in man, 45, 47.
Divorce.
- formulae pertaining to, 123, 279.
- origin of, 279.
Dog bands of Tama, 426.
Dogs, 360, 361, 362, 391, 426-427, 489, 490, 520, 570.
- bands of, in the heavens, 399, 424, 426.
- fight the lizards, a fable, 570.
- omens and superstitions pertaining to, 599, 612.
- personified form of, 320.
- slain by magic spells, 141.
- tipua, 531, 532, 536.
- turned to stone by Tamatea, 161.
- tutelary beings of, 362, 426.
- two headed, bands of, 499, 500.
Dogskin capes, 145, 472.
Dogskin used in a mourning rite, 83.
Dominion Museum, 10, 11.
Dominion Museum Bulletins, 10, 11, 12, 13.
Dominion Museum Monographs, 10.
Doorways rendered dangerous by magic, 158.
Dragons, 246, 498, 499, 512, 513, 514, 518. See also Taniwha.
Dragon slayers, 492, 518.
Draughts, a form of, played in the spiritworld, 59.
Dreams
- as omens, 180, 601-603, 612.
- Maori explanation of, 44, 87.
- and wairua, 33, 42, 44.
Dyaks of Borneo, 398, 444.

Earth Formed Maid, 45, 53. See also Hine-ahuone.
Earth Mother, the, 34, 39, 46, 66, 82, 93, 95, 96, 98, 99, 112, 195, 196, 242, 245, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 264, 268, 272, 275, 276, 278, 282, 284, 298, 299-300, 372, 373, 374, 380, 399, 402, 408, 410, page 638418, 426, 585-586, 595. Names for, 240-241, 299-300.
- See also Papa; Papa and Rangi.
Earthquakes, 236, 250, 352, 402, 468.
- beings connected with, 242, 247, 250, 252, 253, 323, 329,
- caused by taniwha, 508.
- origin of, 249.
- personified, 249, 323.
- See also Ruaumoko; Whakaruau-moko.
Earth, the primal parent. See Sky and Earth.
Earthworms, personified forms of, 320.
- origin of, 269.
East Coast tribes, 100, 177, 182, 274, 293, 414, 428, 472, 523.
Easter Island, and the crescent symbol of Rongo, 397.
East, the,
- an expression for, 92.
- facing towards, during a rite, 182.
Echo Children, 281, 324.
Echos, origin of, 43, 280, 324, 394, 622.
Economic prohibition, 104. See also Rahui.
Eel
- fishers, 50, 507, 528-529.
- gods, 364, 365, 367, 398.
- -like depiction of taniwha, 473.
- monsters, 520.
- phallic, 272, 284, 318, 364, 365, 367, 390, 398, 520.
- See also Tuna.
- pots, invention of, 354, 356, 357.
Exorcist, 460.
Expectoration in magic acts, 151, 154, 159, 166.
Experts, 27, 39, 412, 413. See also Magicians; Tohunga.
Experts (informants), three grades of, 201.
- weirs, 50, 482.
Eels, 49, 185, 191, 261, 267, 489, 496, 561, 587-588.
- originators of, 195, 257, 259, 261.
- origin myth pertaining to, 261.
- origin of the variety of, 261, 364, 366, 391.
- personified, 318. See also Tuna.
- possessing a mauri, 139.
- rahui placed on, 190.
- viewed as tipua, 536-537.
Egypt, ancient,
- burial in, 59.
- religion of, 58.
Egyptian
- formulae, the translation of, 89.
- spiritual concepts and beliefs, 32, 59, 60.
Elf-like folk, 546.
Elves, 225, 297, 346, 440, 464, 557, 582.
Emotions, the seat of, 54.
Empirics of maoriland, 122.
Enchanted rocks, 527.
Enemies
- as eveil persons, 80.
- bones of, used as fish hooks and spear points, 288.
- magic directed against, 119, 122, 124, 125, 131, 150, 153, 154-156, 157, 162, 171, 172, 177, 179, 180, 182.
Eternal life, 74, 82, 377, 480.
European
- doctors, 44.
- firewalkers, 132.
- influence on Maori life and culture, 19, 27, 48, 101, 434, 476, 546.
- medicines, 123.
- myths, 590.
- surveyor and a taniwha, a tale, 503.
Europeans, 20, 21, 23, 27, 50, 102, 109, 175, 191, 194, 249, 462, 506, 521, 529, 531, 535, 537, 618.
- a Maori name for, 550.
- and the introduction of firearms, 137.
- and their godless ways, 48, 206.
- and their gods, 79, 191.
- Maori gods and magic harmless
- against, 107, 158, 164.
- origin of, 398.
Eve and the serpent, 330, 365.
Evening Maid, the, 311.
Evil, 73, 76, 77, 98, 109, 162, 179, 229, 289, 460.
- and the spiritworlds, 62, 73, 75, 77, 229, 231.
- black magic, as, 105-106, 108, 114.
- eye, the, 140, 541.
- influences, nullified, diverted, recoiling, 20, 105, 106, 111, 125, 126, 134, 162, 169, 176, 177.
- knowledge, 69.
- knowledge of, 140, 289.
- omens, 164, 179, 230, 242, 461, 464, 594, 600, 603, 604, 605, 606, 616.
- origin of, 112, 284-285.
- personified, 62, 291.
- pertaining to gifts, 105, 106, 111.
- premonition of, 383.
- represented by Whiro, 62, 76, 179.
- spell, 162.
- spirits, 24, 47, 55, 71, 76, 78, 226, 460.
- the abode of, 69, 75.
Evolutionary cosmogenic myths as opposed to creation by a Supreme Being, 201.
Excrement, human,
- and ordeals of the whare maire, 141, 147.
- as a medium in magic, 158, 163.page 639
- consumed in the underworld, 71, 72, 73.
Execution, makutu as a legitimate method of, 104.
Exhumation of bones, 59, 119, 474.

Fables, 118, 192, 200, 202, 292, 472, 560.
Fairhaired folk, 395. See also Moon Maidens. Fairies, 464, 466, 546.
Fairskinned folk, 227, 230, 262, 395. See also Moon Maidens; Turehu.
Fairy folk, 420, 535.
Fairy Tales, 472.
Fakaafu Island, Hina at, 387.
Fakamoui: means to save, at Niue, 331.
Fakaofo Isle fished up by Maui-mua, 376.
Familiar spirit, 621.
Fear, killing victims of makutu, 106.
Feasts, ceremonial, 29, 93, 94, 190, 279.
Feathers
- used for adornment or decoration, 145, 265, 285, 481.
- used in magic acts, 575, 597, 598.
Female
- ariki, 126.
- beings with whom Tane cohabited, 240, 271.
- branch of adornment, 228.
- cannibals, 76, 395, 433.
- companies in the heavens, 45.
- element, the, 271, 278, 404, 405.
- forest dwellers, 207.
- mountains, 465, 470.
- organ of generation, represents destructive power, 112.
- personifications, 246, 247, 292, 293, 303, 306, 309, 310, 325, 395, 457.
- principle, and black magic, 112.
- sex, inferiority of, 82, 112.
- sex, tapu destroying influence of, 28, 181, 608.
- sex, the originator of disease, 279.
- side (the left), 596.
- taniwha, 490, 495, 516, 517.
- tohunga, 114.
Fern, common, represented by Monehu, 269.
Fern fronds, indicating a rahui, 186.
Fern roots
- origin of, 222, 275.
- protected by a rahui, 186, 189.
- used as amulets, 135.
- used in magic acts, 121, 156.
Fertility and productiveness of forests controller of, 222.
- personified, 322.
Fertility of the land
- destroyed by magic, 167.
- preserved by magic, 105.
Figurative expressions, 179, 185, 195, 197.
Fijian
- custom of making offerings to trees, 529.
- god, Matawalu, 332.
Fingers, the names of, 245.
Fire
- and the whakautuutu act, 180.
- extinguishing taniwha, 506.
- generating appliance of Rangi, 241, 242, 243, 244.
- hika process of generating, 20.
- origin of, 240, 241, 243-248, 304, 309, 330, 333, 336.
- people ignorant of, 217, 248, 512.
- personified, 296, 308, 309. See also Mahuika.
- procured by magic, 129.
- sacred, 541.
- seed of, conserved in trees, 350.
- subterranean, 244, 245, 248, 249, 308, 349.
- tapu, 20, 29, 39, 53, 124, 173, 179, 180, 188, 258, 298, 598.
- that burns in the underworld, 63.
- tipua, 528.
- used to kill taniwha, 473, 488, 494, 496, 497, 500, 501.
- versus Water, a fable, 248, 585.
- volcanic, 63, 129, 241, 244, 248, 308.
Firearms, 107, 108, 137, 621.
Firebrands used in a ritual performance. 216.
Fire Children, 244, 245, 277, 351, 379, 383.
- names of, 244.
Fire Conserver, the, 245, 247, 292, 309, 350. See also Hine-kaikomako.
Fire of Huhi, 452.
Fire of Mahuika, 528, 585.
Fire of Tapeka: fire of the underworld, 585.
Fire pits, 95, 130, 131, 132.
Fires, ceremonial, 95, 258.
Firewalking, 129, 130-132.
Fish, 25, 49, 55, 90, 98, 105, 130, 184, 320.
- how they gained their particular forms, 571, 573.
- mauri of, 50, 52, 139.
- omens and superstitions concerning, 600-601, 613.
- origin of, 252, 253, 255-262, 265, 573.
- personified, 259, 317-318. See also Tinirau.
- protected by a rahui, 185, 186, 189.
Fish hook of Maui, 374, 375, 376.page 640
Fish hooks, the invention of barbs for, 354, 357.
Fishing canoe, mauri of, 49.
Fishing fleet destroyed by magic, 130.
Fishing grounds, bewitched, 191.
Fishing line, 571.
Fishing methods and devices, 10.
Fishing nets
- origin of, 262.
- placed under tapu, 24.
Fishing rods, 482.
Fish of Maui, 52, 367, 371, 375.
Fish trap, used to capture a monster, 515-516.
Fish tribes and their battle with man, a fable, 571-573.
Fish weir, material mauri of, 55.
Flax, 148.
- groves of, under rahui, 190
- used in magic acts, 177-178, 181.
Fleet-Maori New Zealand, 12.
Flies, personified, 320.
Flight
- bird, controlled by magic, 132.
- of darts, controlled by magic, 132-135.
- power of, possessed by certain atua maori, 589-590.
Flint Maid, the, 455.
Flood myths. See Deluge myths.
Flowers, origin of their red colour, 426.
Flutes, 549, 551.
- played by spirits of the dead, 91.
Fly
- as a medium in magic, 159, 214.
- as a visible form of the wairua, 174, 177, 178.
Fly-wairua 177, 178.
Flying
- lizards, 460-461.
- men, 40, 439, 589-590.
Fog
- method of dispelling, 121, 522.
- personified form of, 306.
Folk tales, 57, 192, 193, 194, 267, 328, 385, 472, 511, 548, 560, 591.
- and their relationship to tribal history, 198.
- and their relationship to types of myth, 192, 196.
- common class of, 292.
- discrepencies between versions of, 212.
- ordinary, 196, 329.
- origin of, 194, 198, 548.
- personification in, 296, 325, 328.
- popular, 192, 198.
Food, 142, 149, 173, 184, 188, 235, 236, 274, 536, 593, 600.
- and hospitality, 103.
- and tapu, 20, 21, 22, 23, 26, 27, 28, 30, 127, 162, 190, 480, 481, 493, 609, 613.
- and tapu lifting ceremonies, 29.
- as a medium in magic arts, 158, 161, 162, 163, 184.
- as offerings 80, 445, 458, 502, 523, 524.
- bewitched, 104, 107, 108.
- Cadgers, story of, 587-588
- cooked. See cooked food.
- eaten as a symbol that a spirit will not return to this world, 85, 86, 87.
- evil influences pertaining to, 19, 20, 162, 183.
- for the journey of death, 82.
- gifts of, 130, 609.
- in the underworld, 71, 72, 80.
- of fairy folk, 535.
- omens and superstitions associated with, 608, 609, 613-614.
- personified, 275.
- plants, origin of, 272.
- products, principle, 18, 40, 50. See also Kumara.
- supplies, 49, 105, 139, 179, 272, 613, 619-620.
- uncooked, 20, 217, 226, 230, 244. See also Raw-eaters.
- See also Cooked food.
Foot, human
- manea or hau pertaining to, 123, 153.
- the placement of, in rites, 123, 124, 597.
Footprints, human
- hau of, 152.
- manea or hau that pertain to, 123, 152.
- manea or hau of, as a medium for slaying by magic, 137.
Footprints of Kupe and his dog Tauaru, 204.
Footsteps, charmed to make travellers
- fleet of foot, 134.
Forest
- birds and sea birds, battle between, a
- fable, 446, 561-562.
- birds, originator of, 221, 264, 296, 297.
- dwelling spirits, 44, 267.
- elves, 297, 440, 582.
- fairies, 546.
- folk, 211, 262, 295, 437, 443, 444, 446, 447, 464, 546, 550. See also Patupaiarehe; Turehu.
- giants (trees), significance of, 202.
- lore of the Maori, 10, 13.
- of Tane, 273, 316, 440, 441, 571.
- women, uncanny, 208.
Forests
- as a cloak for the Earth Mother, 250.
- berries of, 265.page 641
- charm to restore productiveness of, 188.
- denizens of, 50, 225, 474, 544-560.
- See also Patupaiarehe; Turehu.
- guardians of 264, 276, 316, 445, 446, 548.
- hau of, 53.
- mauri of 46, 47, 49, 53.
- personified, 271-272, 301, 302, 316, 320-322.
- placed under a rahui, 186.
- Rarataungarere as conserver of, 274, 322.
- represented by Rehua, 361.
- superstitions pertaining to, 276.
- tapu of, 25, 28, 48, 280.
Formulae, 39, 89, 94, 107, 142, 157, 167, 280, 365-366, 371, 374, 406, 408, 442, 443, 483, 596, 597, 602.
- acquisition of, 142.
- associated with the kai ure rite, 160.
- Calling up the spirit of a thief, 174.
- death laden, 157.
- employed when making offerings to tipua, 524.
- frost averting, 411.
- placatory, 508.
- protective, 163, 183.
- recited over a sick person, 122.
- soul despatching, 83.
- to bewitch paths, 154, 155.
- to cause conception, 127.
- to endow an infant with the mauri life force, 50.
- to ensure a divorce, 123.
- to establish a rahui, 185, 186.
- to establish the sex of children, 127.
- to expedite the passage of spirits to the spirit world, 58, 73, 83.
- to influence the gods, 191.
- to locate a kapu of a rahui, 187.
- to nullify the evil effects of insults, 162.
- to prevent ill luck, 613.
- to remove a tapu, 181.
- to render a fire tapu 187.
- to render forests fruitful, 298.
- to render trees fruitful, 274.
- to separate Papa and the Earth Mother, 39.
- vivifying, 75.
- See also Charms; Karakia; Spells.
Foster children, origin of, 289.
Frost
- averting ceremony, 410-411.
- origin of, 283, 306, 410.
- regulators and controllers of, 252.
Frost Children, names of, 283.
Fruits of the earth, the ultimate origin of, 275.
Funeral speeches, 312.

Galaxy, the, 320.
Game of teka, 132-133.
Games and pastimes, 10, 558.
Games played in the spiritworld, 59, 77, 231.
Garments, 90, 139, 492, 598.
- and the interference with tapu, 171, 608.
- as mediums in magic acts, 106, 126, 151, 152, 157, 173.
- discarded for the performance of rites, 23, 170, 177.
- origin of, 229.
- the first material used for, 285.
- the origin of the weaving of, 229
- used in the erection of a rahui post, 190.
Gates of Night: entrance to the underworld, 69.
Genealogical cosmogony, the concept of, 293.
Genealogies
- fictitious, 196, 546.
- mythical, 253, 423.
- personifications in, 249.
Geographical character of the land, origin of, 371, 375.
Ghosts, 40, 42, 56, 58, 60, 74, 549, 558, 607, 608, 622.
Giants, 590.
Gifts
- as mediums for black magic, 125.
- evil influences pertaining to, 106, 111, 183.
- of food, 106, 130.
- unreciprocated, 191.
Glow worms, 36.
- personified, 320, 397.
Goblin, 521.
God, 79.
Goddess of death, 384.
Godless ways of Europeans, 48.
God-man, 427.
God of agriculture, 153.
God of winds and storms, 66.
Gods, 12, 18, 43, 45, 59, 92, 98, 106, 150, 220, 222, 223, 375, 414, 420, 422, 458, 459, 464, 476, 571, 580, 600, 603, 608, 614.
- abandoned by the Maori, 191.
- adzes ceremoniously waved at, 116, 183.
- an abiding place of, 47, 104.
- and the creation of the first man, 329.
- as ancestors, 147.
- as personifications, 192,
- Communication with, and demands of 17, 45, 48, 49, 139, 146, 149, 181, 191.page 642
- disease emanates from, 24.
- Eel, 364, 365, 367, 398.
- fear of, as the strongest preserver of order, 15.
- human sacrifices offered to, 40, 154.
- incorrect remarks on, 79.
- indwelling spirit, 47.
- in the days of, 68, 113.
- lizard, 74, 270, 463.
- mana of, 15, 17.
- man's descent from, 197, 546.
- Maori belief in, and dependance on, 46, 182.
- men punished by, 64, 77, 80, 106, 126, 127, 157, 171, 190-191, 530.
- names of, 220-224.
- of civilised peoples, 43.
- offences against, 27, 59, 64, 77, 80, 126, 127, 474, 530.
- offerings to, 40, 52, 53, 80, 93, 94, 154, 445, 458, 530.
- of the Europeans, 191.
- placation of, 58, 595.
- powerless against Europeans, 107, 158, 164.
- power of, 39, 47, 53, 157, 191, 582.
- protective power of 47, 48, 49, 52, 53, 93-94, 126.
- rendering magic acts effective, 53, 104, 106, 107, 118, 141, 181, 188.
- rendering tapu effective, 15, 20-21, 107, 181, 188.
- represented by mauri, 46, 47-48, 49-50, 53.
- rite of honour, 52.
- tapu of, 17, 18, 39, 47, 221, 596, 614.
- their distribution among the heavens, 66, 67, 222, 223.
- under the sway of Whiro, 224.
- visible forms of, 40, 191.
- See also, Atua; Io.
Godship in the upper world, 94.
Good and bad persons, and the belief in
two spirit worlds, 59, 67, 80.
Good and evil
- and the belief in two spirit worlds, 231.
- the Maori view, 79, 113, 114.
Good person, defined, 59.
Good luck, 595, 596. See also Marie; Waimarie.
Gourd floats, 514.
Gourd plant
- origin of, 246, 274.
- personified, 274.
Gourds of Rona, 392.
Gourd, speaking, 572.
Gourd vessels, 230, 235, 281, 439, 571, 572.
Gravel Maid, 326.
Graves, 40. See also Burial places.
Great Beast of Meko, a taniwha, 510.
Great Cliff of Mahu, 145.
Great Hina the Watcher, 388.
Great Io, 372, 373.
Great Kuri of Meko: a monster, 510.
Great Ocean of Kiwa, the, 37, 252, 403, 530.
Great Ocean of Tamaku, 37.
Great Rongo, 389.
Great Sky of Tama, 398.
Great War, the, 203.
Greek mysteries, 197.
Greenstone, 239.
- adzes, 459.
- myths pertaining to, 448-459.
- names of varieties, 242, 324, 456, 457.
- origin of, 242, 288, 296, 324-326, 448, 449, 450.
- personified, 288, 324-326, 448, 457.
- represented by Tauira-ka-rapa, 242.
- tiki, 453.
- See also Pounamu; Poutini.
Greenstone Folk, 325, 327, 449-459.
Greenstone Maids, 133.
Grey hairs
- origin of, 219.
Grey hills, the, folk tales of, 464.
Guardians
- of birds, 263.
- of fire, 244.
- of forests, 264, 276, 316, 445, 446, 548.
- of Hawaiki-nui, 99.
- of places, lizards as, 463.
- of Poutere-rangi, 235.
- of the heavenly bodies, 254.
- of the heavens, 95.
- of the moon, 255, 393.
- of the ocean, 252, 253, 309.
- of the spirits of the dead, 384.
- of the underworld, 67, 74, 75, 84, 87, 235, 236.
- of villages, taniwha as, 502.
- of Waiora-a-Tane, 87.
- of Wharekura, 98.
- of women, 303.
Guerilla warfare, 607.
Gum digging industry, 176.
Gymnotus, 520.

Hades, 65, 67, 71, 91.
Haere: a personified form of the rainbow, 307.
Haere, slain by Mahu, 150.
Hail
- origin of, 241, 283, 410.
- personified, 403.
Hair, human
- as a medium for magic acts, 52, 151, 174, 180, 182, 183, 537.page 643
- cutting place, tapu, 417.
- grey, origin of, 218, 219.
- marking a tapu place, 19.
- representing a persons wairua, 34, 40, 174.
- tapu of, 23.
- the cutting of, in mourning rites, 83.
Haka a Raumati and Haka a Tanerore: atmospheric phenomena of summer, 285.
Hakari kai: a ceremonial feast, 280.
Hakari, original meaning of, 279-280.
Hakuturi: forest folk, 225, 267, 295, 464. See also Hukuturi.
Hakuwai: a mythical bird, 265, 276-277, 316.
Hanging sky, the, 218, 398, 413.
Hani: a weapon, 443.
Hapai-ariki, an ancestor of Poutini, 449.
Hapai, lost celestial bride of Tawhaki, 428, 431, 434.
Hapai-maomao: wife of Tawhaki, 436.
Hape the Wanderer, 40, 42, 590.
Hara: a disregard of the laws of tapu, 16, 65, 77, 108, 126, 149.
Harakoa: denoted pleasure, amusements, 293.
Harakoa: personified form of the joy of life, 294.
Haruru: a spell, 173.
Ha-tupatu and Hine-ingoingo the Tahurangi, the story of, 207-212.
Ha-tupatu and Kurangaituku the forest woman, 208, 210, 211, 212.
Hau and Wairaka, the legend of, 160, 212-217.
Hau courts Rakahanga, 159, 213-214.
Hauhauaitu: a condition caused by an infringement of tapu, 126.
Haumano: the purified spirit, 100.
Haumapuhia: a human petrification at Waikaremoana, 62.
Haumia and Rongo, 275.
Haumia and Te Monehu, 580.
Haumu: place at which spirits farewell this world, 86, 90.
Haunui-a-Nanaia, 213.
Hauokai the food cadger, the story of, 588.
Hauora: health, 51.
Haupip o te rangi: clouds of peculiar form, 307.
Hau: the spiritual essence of man, 31, 32, 47, 50-53, 98, 123, 137, 151, 152, 159, 167, 183, 580, 597.
Hawaiian Islands
- accounts of native life, 202.
- and the myth of the wind calabash, 413.
- eel god of, 367, 398.
- Hema at, 423.
- Hina/Maui myth of, 353.
- Hina myth of, 334, 367, 387, 388, 390, 517.
- Hina/Rongo myth of, 389, 395.
- Mahuika of, 247, 351, 386.
- Maori tale of Rukutia and Tu-te-koroponga preserved at, 237.
- Maui myths of, 334, 351, 353, 359, 367, 390.
- Miru of, 74.
- Rata of, 447.
- Rongo of, 389.
- Tangaroa and Tane of, 76, 112.
- Tawhaki of, 307, 435, 436.
- Tuna of, 367.
- Watea of, 301.
Hawaiian Lore, 56.
- Fornander's great collection, 75, 199.
- Maori names altered in, 446.
Hawaiian myth, 76, 199, 265, 332, 367, 401.
- and relationship with Melanesian myth episodes, 199.
Hawaiian spiritual concepts and beliefs, 53, 54, 55, 70, 92, 112.
Hawaiki nui o Maruaroa: place of rites at Hawaiki, 97.
Hawaiki-nui: tapu edifice of the homeland, 84, 92-100, 345. See also Hawaiki-rangi; Poutere-rangi; Wharekura.
Hawaiki-rangi: tapu edifice of the homeland, 92-98, 100, 380. See also Hawaiki-nui; Poutere-rangi; Wharekura.
Hawaiki, the homeland, 48, 69, 70, 75, 92, 97, 125, 129, 213, 265, 276, 285, 288, 295, 371, 373, 388, 415, 416, 449, 450, 452, 453, 456, 457, 512, 548, 566.
Hawaiki-whakaeroero: sacred house in the homeland, 92.
Hawk, and the Hokioi, a fable, 563-564.
Head, the most tapu part of a person, 20, 23.
Heaven and Earth, contention between the sons of, 275.
Heavenly bodies, guardians of, 254-255.
Heaven, pakeha, 78.
Heavens, 46-47, 58, 61, 62, 73, 74, 81, 82, 84, 89, 92, 95, 96, 97, 100, 137, 147, 251, 264, 283, 380, 449.
- ascension to, 61, 65, 80, 84, 87, 94, 95, 96, 97, 99, 249, 281, 399, 424, 425, 426, 427, 428, 429, 430, 432, 433, 434, 435.
- denizens of, 35, 39, 67, 82, 87, 92, 94, 97, 98, 222, 223, 225, 261, 265, 287, 289, 298, 299, 398, 399, 531.
- dog bands of, 399, 424, 426.
- entrance to, 93.
- names of, 39, 223, 225, 297, 298-299.page 644
- supports for, 37-38, 280. See also Toko.
- ten, 65, 66, 67, 74, 87, 297.
- the lowermost of, 96, 297, 298.
- the mana of, acquired by Tane, 37.
- the separation and arranging of, 37-39.
- the summit of, 57, 96, 147.
- the uppermost of, 30, 34, 35, 36, 39, 57, 61, 62, 67, 80, 87, 96, 97, 99, 137, 222, 223, 225, 249, 268, 284, 313, 320.
- twelve, 26, 30, 34, 35, 36, 37-38, 39, 57, 61, 62, 65, 67, 80, 87, 98, 137, 223, 225, 265, 284, 287, 288-289, 297, 298, 531.
- variation in different traditions in the number of, 65, 66-67, 87, 297, 298.
- See also Sky and Earth; Sky Father; Upperworld.
Hei taiari: shell necklace, 573-574.
Heitiki: neck pendant, origin of, 289.
Heketoro: mythical forest folk, 211, 466, 546, 547, 549-550.
Heketoro, the, and Koire, the story of, 559-560. See also Patupaearehe; Turehu.
Hell, 59, 60, 76, 78, 79, 90, 403.
Hell fire, 99.
Hema, father of Tawhaki, 268, 423, 424, 426, 431, 435-436, 445, 446.
Hereumu, 415.
Heta, the Pakeha folk descended from, 279.
Hika ahi: fire generating act, 292.
Hika: a process of generating fire, 20, 292.
Hikawaru: personified form of the cicada, 320.
Hiki: a magic spell, 128.
Hikiparoa and Manini-pounamu, the story of, 248.
Hiko names pertaining to the lightning folk, 282.
Hikurangi: an enchanted mountain, 260, 302, 375, 405, 406, 407, 408, 446, 451, 465, 472.
- ogre of, 536, 537, 569, 591.
Hiku rekareka: the tail of the phallic eel, 379.
Hill Maid, the, 323.
Hills and ranges
- origin of, 284.
Hina and Hine-nui-te-po, the names confused, 387.
Hina and Maui, 333, 334, 337, 352, 353, 359, 360, 366.
Hina and Kongo, 387, 389, 397.
Hina and the shark, the story of, 388, 389.
Hina and the Waiora-a-Tane, 391.
Hina: female personified form of the moon, 303, 333, 334, 347, 352, 353, 358, 359, 360, 361, 362, 367, 377, 386-392, 395, 397, 414, 435, 500, 517.
- in Polynesian mythology, 334, 367, 387, 388, 389, 390, 395, 414, 435, 450, 517.
- names for, 334, 353, 360, 364, 386.
Hina-keha: Pale Hina, 303, 360, 377, 386.
Hinaki (fish trap), used to trap taniwha, 515, 516.
Hinaki o Tutaua: a rock tipua, 531.
Hina-mahuia: an Hawaiian name for Mahuika, 247, 386.
Hina, Maui and Tuna myth, 337, 364-367.
Hinatore: phosphorescent light, 277.
Hina-uri: Dark Hina, 76, 184, 259, 303, 318, 360, 362, 377, 386, 387, 391.
Hindoo deities, 332.
Hine-ahiahi: personified form of evening, 311.
Hine-ahuone, the Earth Formed Maid, 45, 46, 53, 77, 82, 229, 252, 278, 279, 313, 619.
Hine-ahu or Hine-ahua, wife of Tama-ahua, discovers several varieties of greenstone, 326, 456-457.
Hine-aotea: personified form of day, 311.
Hine-aroaro-te-pari: personified form of cliffs, 281, 324.
Hine-ata: personified form of morning, 311, 419, 561.
Hineatauira: a wife of Tane, 314.
Hine (Darkness) and Maui (Light), 385.
Hine-huhi: a personified form of swamps, 453.
Hine-huruhuru: a Moon Maiden, 395, 396, 397.
Hine-huruhuru: personified form of the glow worm, 320.
Hine-ihorangi: the Rain Maid, 237.
Hine-i-tapeka, personifies subterranean fire, 244, 245.
Hine-i-te-huhi: a personified form of swamps, 327.
Hine-i-te-kohera: personified form of lightning, 421, 422.
Hine i te repo: a personified form of swamps. 327.
Hineiti: a resident of the underworld in Moriori myth, 73.
Hine-kaikomako, personifies the material used in generating fire, 242, 245, 246, 247, 292, 309, 350, 351.
Hine-kaikomako, represents the kaikomako tree, 321.
Hine-kapua: personified form of clouds, 250, 304, 306, 420, 467.page 645
Hine-keha. See Hina-keha.
Hine-kirikiri: personified form of gravel, 324.
Hine-kohu: a personified form of mist, 306, 309, 417.
Hine-korako: a female taniwha, 516-517.
Hine-korako: a Moon Maiden, personifying the luna bow or halo, 116, 303, 395, 396, 397, 417, 516, 517.
Hine-Korito: a Moon Maiden, 395, 397.
Hine-kotauariki: personified form of young bracken shoots, 275.
Hine-kotea: a Moon Maiden, 395, 396, 397.
Hine-kuku: a being representing shell fish, 318.
Hine-makehu: a Moon Maiden, 395, 396, 397.
Hine-ma-kohi: a Mist Maid, 421.
Hine-makohu: a personified form of mist, 193, 268, 306, 417-418, 419, 420, 467, 468, 531, 557. See also Mist Maid.
Hine-makohu-rangi: a Mist Maid, 251, 282, 306, 307.
Hine-mataiti: originator of the rat, 237, 271.
Hine-maunga: the personified form of mountains, 323, 325, 466. See also Mountain Maid.
Hinemoana assails the Earth Mother, 585-586.
Hinemoana: personified form of the ocean, 37, 91, 101, 115, 116, 130, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 260, 282, 295, 307, 309, 310, 312, 326, 327, 338, 339, 393, 394, 408, 410, 413, 418, 467, 574, 585, 586.
Hinengaro: denotes the mind, 54.
Hine-nui-te-Po: the ex-Dawn Maid, 62, 63, 64, 66, 72, 73, 74, 81, 82, 94, 112, 114, 158, 159, 226, 241, 244, 245, 246, 311, 315, 323, 363, 365, 367, 375, 377-385.
- and Maui, 112, 113-114, 158, 159, 230, 245, 246, 296, 329, 330, 333, 337, 354, 365, 367, 377-385. 548.
- and Whiro, 62-63, 66.
- See also Dawn Maid; Hine-titama.
Hine of the red dawn, 62-63.
Hineoi, represents earthquakes and volcanic disturbances, 64, 237, 240, 241, 242, 249, 250, 283, 299, 323, 468.
Hine-one: the personified form of sand, 253, 292, 295, 324, 325, 574, 575, 585, 586.
Hine-ori: mythical being connected with volcanic phenomena, 250, 323.
Hine-parawhenuamea: a personified form of water. 309.
Hinepopo, the swimmer of Cook Strait, 117, 118, 248, 511.
Hine-puia; a being connected with volcanic action and earthquakes, 249, 295, 323.
Hine-pukohu, a personified form of mist, 268, 306, 399, 400, 418, 471, 529.
Hine-pukohu-rangi: the Celestial Mist Maid, 294, 306, 418, 559.
Hine-raumati: personified form of summer, 238, 266, 302, 310, 311.
Hineruarangi, the tale of, 62, 532.
Hine-rautipu: wife of Maui, 361, 362, 364, 369, 370.
Hine-rauwharangi, personifies growth in the vegetable world, 312.
Hine-taiura, represents some rare form of stone, 324.
Hine takohu: a personified form of mist, 417.
Hine-takohu-rangi: the celestial Mist Maid, 268, 306.
Hine-takurua: personified form of winter, 266, 311.
Hine-tapaeururangi: a taniwha, 500.
Hine-tapeka: personified form of subterranean fire, 308.
Hine-te-ahorangi: mother of Hinemoana, 309.
Hine-te-ihorangi, the female personified form of rain, 116, 195, 237, 247, 261, 272, 281, 305-306, 309. See also Ihorangi, Te; Rain Maid.
Hine-te-iwaiwa: a female personification of the moon, 246, 289, 303, 353, 362, 377, 388, 389, 395, 437, 438, 439, 450, 517.
- patroness of the art of weaving garments, 285.
Hine-te-uira: female personified form of lightning, 248, 281, 304, 421, 422, 459.
Hine the Fire Conserver, 292. See also Hine-kaikomako.
Hine-titama becomes Hine-nui-te-Po, 62, 311.
Hine-titama: the personified form of the dawn, 56, 62, 63, 64, 69, 73, 96, 255, 258, 311, 312, 363, 377, 380, 384. See also Dawn Maid; Hine-nui-te-Po.
Hine-tu-a-hoana: personified form of sandstone, 296.
Hine-tuahoanga: personified form of sandstone, 242, 292, 295, 324, 325, 326, 423, 443, 444, 446, 447, 450, 451, 452, 454, 455, 526.
Hine-tuakirikiri: personified forms of rock, sand and gravel, 253, 586.
Hine-tu-a-maunga: a personified form of mountains, 323.
Hine-tuapapa: originator of greenstone, 324, 325, 449, 450.page 646
Hine-tuarangaranga: a mythical being connected with volcanic activity and earthquakes, 323.
Hine-tuoi, represents volcanic disturbances, 250, 299, 323.
Hine-tupari-maunga: personified form of mountains, 195, 254, 269, 309, 323, 476.
Hine-uku: personified form of clay, 242, 295, 324, 326.
Hine-waiapu: The Flint Maid, 455, 526.
Hine-wai, personifies fine mist-like rain, 251, 305, 306, 307, 418, 419, 420.
Hine-waoriki: personified form of the white pine tree, 292.
Hine-whaitiri: a personified form of thunder, 305, 399, 420, 421, 423, 563. See also Whaitiri.
Hirihiri charm, 180, 190.
Hirihiri rite over a sick person, 170.
Hoa charms, 135, 137, 140, 143, 150, 164-167.
Hoaia, 164.
Hoaina, 187.
Hoanga: sandstone used as a grinding stone, 455.
Hoa rakau charm, 125, 164-167.
Hoa rites, 164.
Hoa tapuwae charms, 164, 165.
Hokioi or hakuwai: a mythical bird, 563-564.
Homeland, the, 69, 92, 95, 98, 101, 265, 280, 283, 288, 336, 338, 358, 371, 407, 415, 548, 566. See also Hawaiki.
Hono charms, 123.
Honoiwairua: meeting place of the spirits of the dead, 91, 92, 98, 288, 289, 380.
Hopara makaurangi mode of tattooing, 227.
Hore: a term for taniwha, 475.
Horo: a form of taniwha, 519, 520.
Horohoro: a rite to remove tapu, 482.
Horohoro: denotes free from tapu, 28.
Horonuku-atea: a home of calamities and death, 63.
Horu and pukepoto (red ochre and vivianite), origin of, 284.
Hospitality, Maori belief in the virtue of, 103.
Houmea, the ogress, and Uta, 538-540.
House
- building, 17, 132, 288.
- of learning, 149, 279-280. See also Whare maire.
- of mourning, 23, 137, 238.
- spirit, 98, 99. See also Hawaiki-nui; Hawaiki-rangi; Wharekura.
- the first, 95, 98, 112, 230, 288.
Houses
- art of decorating, 287, 288.
- for the teaching of black magic and tapu lore, 137. See also Whare maire.
- in the underworld, 77, 231.
- magic pertaining to, 159.
- origin of, 288-289.
- origin of adorning with painted designs, 287.
- represented by Tane, 327.
- tapu, 21, 22, 24, 29, 145, 146, 171, 262, 393, 481, 622.
Hua rakau (tree fruit), Rehua ripens, 320.
Huhu: denotes free from tapu, 28.
Huka series of names, denoting the personified forms of snow, frost and ice, 283.
Huki toto rite, 171, 172.
Hukuturi: malevolent demons, 224.
Hukuturi: mythical forest dwelling folk, 225, 295, 297, 383, 441, 443, 464. See also Tini o te Hakuturi.
Huruhuru of Tane, 285.
Huruhuru whakairoiro: decorative or ornamental plumage, 567.
Hum kareao: a taniwha, 487.
Hurumana
- guardian of Hawaiki-nui, 99.
- personified form of sea birds, 99, 221, 263, 264, 279, 297.
Huru-nuku-atea: personified form of the north wind, 94, 308, 315, 411, 413.
Huru-te-arangi: an originator of the winds, 36, 265, 282, 298, 306, 411.
Hypnotism and telepathy, 110.
Hypnotist, 136.

Ice
- names of different forms of, 283.
- origin of, 283.
Ihenga and Rongomai, visit Mini in the underworld, 75, 113.
Ihirangi, Te: the uppermost of the twelve heavens, 223.
Ihi Te: a taniwha of Taupo, 486.
Ihoiho: Tuamotuan word for ancestral spirits, 55.
Iho: meanings of, 48, 55. See also Mauri; Talisman.
Ihorangi, Te: male personified form of rain, 193, 195, 221, 236, 241, 251, 252, 261, 272, 281, 282, 283, 299, 304, 305-306, 307, 349, 350, 372, 373, 402, 409, 420, 441.
- See also Hine-te-ihorangi.
Ihu-atamai and Ihu-wareware: brothers of Mini, 76, 184, 362.page 647
Ika a Maui, Te: The Fish of Maui, 367, 371, 465.
Ika-a-Maui: the Milky Way, 367, 501.
Ika a Whaitiri: a term for frost and snow, 305.
Ikaroa, represents the Galaxy, 283, 320.
Ikaroa, Te: name for the Milky Way, 222, 281, 398. See also Tangotango.
Ikatere: a parent of fish, 259, 270, 317.
Ila, the serpent of Persia, 365.
Ill luck. See Luck.
Illness, 83-84, 89, 108, 166, 168, 171, 173, 176. See also Disease; Sickness.
Ill omens. See Omens.
Immaculate conception, 400.
Immersion of the body in water, a necessary act when performing rites, 172, 182.
Imurangi and Tuhirangi: originators of rainbows, 307, 610-611.
Imurangi: denotes a red or gleaming appearance of the heavens, 303, 610.
Incantations, 106, 110, 122, 130, 131, 167, 172, 178, 180, 181, 182, 188, 270, 462. See also Charms; Invocations; Karakia; Spells.
Incarnation, 40, 270, 463.
Incest, 362.
Indonesia
- and the origin of Pacific Island eel and lizard names, 600.
- lizard carvings of, 463.
- spiritual beliefs of, 18, 40, 443.
India
- ceremonial use of red paint in, 19.
- fire god of, 245.
- guild schools of, 197.
- lizards used in destructive magic, 461.
- phallic eel of, 365.
- sky myths, 398.
- tapu, a powerful force in, 18.
Indian funeral ceremonies, 598.
Indra: the phallic eel of India., 365.
Infants
- divinatory rites over, 616.
- omens associated with the birth of, 616, 617.
- to endow with the mauri life force, 50.
Ingo: denotes "to desire", 29.
Ingoingo: meaning of, 212.
Insects
- origin of, 258, 266, 267-270, 319-320, 321, 433.
- personified, 268, 319-320.
Insults
- nullified the evil effects of, 162.
- origin of 285, 392.
Invocations, 28, 94, 110, 280, 342, 562. See also Charms; Incantations; Karakia; Spells.
Ioiowhenua: a mythical being connected with volcanic activity and earthquakes, 323.
Ioio-whenua: a mythical being connected with earthquakes and volcanoes, 250.
Ioio-whenua: represents peace. 276, 312.
Io-Mataaho, 402.
Io mata ngaro, 99.
Io matua, realm of, 96.
Io: means spirit in the Society and Cook groups, 55.
Io of the Hidden Face, 95, 99.
Io-te-waiora, being who endowed Hine-ahuone with life, 45, 380.
Io-te-wananga, 373.
Io the Parent, 35, 45, 62, 381.
Io the Parentless, 93, 94.
Io: the Supreme Being, 26, 34, 40, 45, 65, 66, 97, 98, 99, 100, 161, 223, 225, 226, 285, 288, 293, 374, 381, 402.
- and Rehua, 34, 35, 36, 37, 39, 223, 225, 226.
- and Tane, 36, 37, 39, 95, 137, 264, 284, 381.
- and the creation of the first woman, 45.
- and the creation of the universe. 293.
- and the origin of evil, 284-285.
- astral body of, 35.
- ata of, 34, 35.
- attendants of, 93, 94, 96, 99, 382, 402. See also Rehua.
- cult of, 197.
- descends to the underworld, 34.
- introduced duality into the world, 381-382.
- names of, 26, 99, 402.
- Paia acquires the mana of, 39.
- the realm of, 81, 95, 96, 97, 99, 223, 264.
- the spirit and breath of life emanates from, 45, 46.
Ira atua: denotes spiritual life, 53, 56, 62.
Ira: a water denizen, 366.
Ira: no meaning for, 366.
Ira tangata: denotes mortal life, 56, 313.
Ira, the eel god of S.E. Asia, 365.
Irawaru and Maui, 359-362, 370, 426.
Irawaru: denotes incest, 362.
Irawaru: personified form of dogs, 320, 337, 353, 354, 355, 360.
Irawaru Ruarangi: a band of dogs, 426.
Ira-whaki: Ira the Revealer, 245, 246, 334, 351.
Irewaru: spirit voices, 41, 549.
Irihia: a tapu mountain, 92, 93, 95, 280.
Irihia: the homeland, 91, 92, 94, 112, 227, 230, 231, 240. See also Hawaiki.
Irish folk tale, an, 420.page 648
Iro: maggot or worm, 268-269, 460.
Ishtar, Hina compared with, 387.

Jack the Giant Killer, compared with the Maui myths, 330.
Java, nawa denotes breath, life, soul at, 54.
Jawbone fashioned as a fish hook, 480. See also Jawbone of Muri-rangi-whenua.
Jawbone of Muri-rangi-whenua, 135, 370, 371, 372, 374.
Jewish
- concept of the soul. 31.
- concept of the underworld, 59, 81.
Joshua and Maui, and the arresting of the sun in its course, 109.

Kae and Tutunui, and the origin of cannibalism, 259, 276, 453.
Kaha'i and 'Alihi: Hawaiian equivalents of Tawhaki and Kirihi, 435, 436.
Kahui ao: the Cloud Flock, 251.
Kahui atua: ghostly beings, 60.
Kahukura and the origin of fishing nets. 262.
Kahukura: a personified form of the rainbow, 147, 307, 395, 396, 414, 415, 416, 517, 610.
- Connected with deep-sea vessels, 116, 395, 396, 415, 517.
Kahungunu folk, 45, 65, 245, 250, 336, 411. See also Ngati-kahungunu.
Kaihaumi: the act of poaching in areas not under rahui, 186.
Kaikomako Maid, 292. See also Hine-kaikomako.
Kaikomako tree, used in generating fire, 245, 309, 350.
Kainga huna of Tane: the underworld, 91.
Kaingararas: lizard eaters, 462.
Kai-para, taniwha of, 495-497.
Kairamua
- an act of eating tapu food, 190.
- an act of poaching in areas under rahui, 185, 186, 188.
Kairangi: a whatu pertaining to the tapu house of learning, 146, 149, Kaitangata, a cannibal, 399, 420, 421, 433, 434, 435, 446.
Kai ure: a rite, 160.
Kaiwhakaruaki, Te: a taniwha, 498-499.
Kaiwhatu: protective incantations, 182.
Kaka and Kakariki, a folk tale, 565.
Kakahu (garments), the use of the word in recitals, 171.
Kaka parrot: origin of its red plumage, 565.
Ka mahunu: a charm to awaken a person's conscience, 104.
Kamaka: denotes rocks and stones, 243, 429.
Kamaka: originator and personified form of the crayfish, 243, 429.
Kama: progenitor of crayfish, 257.
Kamapuaa: an Hawaiian demi-god, 332.
Kanakana and Kanakanaia: denote the darker forms of magic, 102.
Kanaloa: the Hawaiian Tangaroa, 75.
Kane: Tane in Hawaiian lore, 75, 92.
Kanga: abuse and insulting expressions, 162, 285.
Kanohi whetete (prominent eyes), signifying a person given to wizardry, 140.
Kapiti folk, 513.
Kapoho, the deceiving of, a story, 573-574.
Kapua (clouds), origin of 252.
Kapu: a mauri, 187. See also Whatu.
- of a rahui, 186, 187, 188.
Karakia: charms, 19, 110, 125, 130, 132, 135, 139, 158, 163, 166, 178, 300, 372, 441, 485, 502.
- the first, 280.
- See also Charms; Spells.
Karakia hoa, 141, 155.
Karakia makutu. 141, 184.
Karakia Maori, translation of, 89.
Karakia matapou spells, 143.
Karakia wehe, recited over the dead, 43, 82.
Karero tara. See Korero tara.
Karihi and Tawhaki ascend to the heavens, 423, 424, 425, 428, 429, 430, 433, 435, 436.
Karihi: another name for Te Parata and Tangaroa, 254.
- progenitor of the shark, 428, 445.
Karitehe: mythical forest dwelling beings, 549, 551.
Karumoana: a strange being of the ocean, 339.
Kataore: a harmless taniwha, 518.
Kata: the ominous sound emitted by lizards, 464.
Kaunoti: a fire making appliance, 241.
Kauwhanga (passages), of the Hawaiki-rangi edifice, 95.
Kawa: a ritual, 288, 441.
Kawau a 'Toru, Te: a tipua bird, 532-533.
Kawhia district, a marvellous stone of, 616.page 649
Kehua: apparitional spirits, 42, 43, 65, 522, 547, 549, 558, 608, 621, 622.
Kekerewai: a guardian of the under-world, 67.
Kete aronut knowledge of good, 382.
Kete poutama: a rite to render enemies powerless, 111, 124.
Kete pure: a tapu wallet, 173.
Kete rite, 173.
Kete tautea: the basket of evil, 136, 137, 148, 382.
Kete uruuru tau and kete uruuru tawhito: terms denoting the knowledge of evil, 140.
Kewa, 258, 280, 289.
Kewa and Ngo in the underworld, 75.
Kijikiji: the name of Maui-tikitiki at Tonga, 352, 368.
Kikokiko: malevolent demons, 74, 226, 522, 622.
Kinaki of human flesh, 613.
Kino: denotes bad, 114.
Kirimate: the near relatives of the dead, 83.
Kite flying, 227, 437, 438.
Kite, means by which beings ascended to the heavens, 430, 434, 586.
Kiwa: a guardian of the ocean, 243, 252, 254, 255, 257, 258, 309, 310, 372, 373, 402, 602.
Kiwa-mata-papango: an atua protecting Papa, 37.
Kiwa-parauri: an atua controlling the ocean, 37.
Kiwi (pig), hunting, 599.
Knowledge
- branches of, 105, 149.
- esoteric, 67.
- obtained from the Supreme Being, 137.
- of evil, 69, 137, 140.
- of good, 382.
- of occult lore and magic, acquired from the underworld, 75.
- personified, 259, 286, 313, 315.
- tapu pertaining to, 26.
- the baskets of, 137, 146, 284.
- the mana of, 110.
- transferral of, at death, 110.
Koanga: crop planting season, 563.
Koangaumu: a magic act for avenging a defeat, 172.
Kohera: ominous movements of the body during sleep, 604.
Koire and the Heketoro, the story of 559-560.
Koiwi ora: the spirit of man, 56.
Kokako and the huia, a folk tale, 565-566.
Kokowai: red ochre, 90, 124, 556. See also Red ochre.
Komako-huariki: a tapu bird, 543, 544.
Kopani harua: an incantation for destroying wairua, 178.
Kopare rite, to ward off danger associated with food presents, 609.
Kopuratahi arriving at Irihia, the story of, 94.
Korako: denotes an albino, 550.
Korakorako: mythical forest dwellers, 546, 549.
Korero paki: a folk tale, 552.
Korero purakau: folk tales, 198, 560.
Korero tara: folk tales, 198, 472, 514, 560.
Korero whaihanga: invented stories, 198.
Koromatua: ancestral spirits, 43.
Korotangi myth, the, 566-568.
Korotuatini: the Rarotongan tapu edifice, 93.
Kotara: a form of girdle, 479.
Kotipu: an ominous sign associated with seeing a lizard, 179.
Koura series of names pertaining to the varieties of crayfish, 257.
Koutu mimiy160.
Ku, 286.
Kuia: denotes and old woman, 581.
Kui the Blind: mother of Hina, 388, 435.
Kuku: denotes a nightmare, 603.
Kuku series of names pertaining to the kinds of mussels, 256.
Kumara
- gods, 50, 132.
- introduced to Aoteoroa 415.
- mauri of, 50, 590.
- origin of, 272, 275, 285, 319, 335, 592-593.
- the caterpillar pests of, 319, 577.
- the planting season of, 397.
- See also Sweet potato.
Kumara Children, 285, 319.
Kumi: a great reptile, 475.
Kupe the voyager, 200, 203, 213, 457, 459, 527, 532, 533, 535, 542, 591.
- and Ngake (or Ngahue), 203-205, 452, 459.
- and the Wheke a Muturangi, 161, 203-207, 436 541, 544.
- discovers, and names the greenstone varieties, 456, 457, 459.
Kurakura: mythical lake dwelling creatures, 475, 520.
Kuranga: a forest woman, 208, 212. See also Ha-tupatu and Kurangaituku.
Kurangaituku: a forest dweller, 551. See also Ha-tupatu and Kurangituku.
Kuranui: the moa, 154.
Kurapati: daughter of Taewha and Makaweroroa, slain by Mahu, 148, 149.page 650
Kuri: dog, 427. See also Dogs.
Kuri nui a Meko, the: a dryland taniwha, 510.
Kuri of Meko, 510.
Kuri o Taneatua: the dog of explorer Taneatua, 527.
Kuriruarangi: a breed of dog possessed by the Maori, 427.
Kutukutu (vermin), infesting the body of the Earth Mother, 268.
Kuwatawata, Te: a guardian of the entrance to the underworld, 75, 99, 227, 230, 233, 234, 235, 343, 344, 380.

La'amaomao
- represents the rainbow at Samoa, 308.
- the Hawaiian originator of winds, 265, 412.
Lacerating the body during mourning rites, 83, 85, 90.
Laments for the dead, 96, 97, 99, 100, 184, 235, 294, 579.
- origin of, 277-278.
Laments of the sandfly and the mosquito, 579.
Lands and Survey Department, 10.
Latrines, site for acts of magic, 114, 145, 146, 147, 149, 150, 162, 163, 447. 620.
Left and right, omens and superstitions connected with, 596-598, 605.
Left foot in magic acts, 123, 597, 612.
Left hand in magic acts, 121, 165, 170, 412, 452, 596, 598.
Left shoulder in magic acts, 181.
Left thigh in magic acts, 121, 597, 598.
Life and death, Maori belief in the frail barrier between, 61.
Life insurance among the Maori, 183.
Life principle, 46, 65, 139. See also Mauri.
Light
- destroys the Poneturi folk, 287.
- realm of, 68, 77, 229, 236.
- represented by Maui, 387, 388.
- the underworld as a place of, 69, 77, 85, 86, 229, 231.
- versus Darkness, 76, 302, 385.
Light Giving Ones, 82.
Lightning
- issuing from the armpits and body of Tawhaki, 428, 434, 435, 437, 439, 440.
- myths, 421-23, 435.
- ominous, 422.
- origin of, 221, 281.
- personified, 281-282, 304-305, 402, 421, 422.
- Rehua connected with, 320.
Lightning Children, 304.
Lightning Maid, 248, 304.
Lizard and the rat, a fable, 570.
Lizard demons known as Mokohikuw-aru, 74.
Lizard gods, 74, 270, 463.
Lizard-killing craze, 180.
Lizards
- and their fight with dogs, a fable, 570.
- as evil omens, 89, 179-180, 460, 461, 464, 595, 600.
- as guardians of places, 157, 463.
- as the cause of sickness, 89, 462.
- cuckoo, as the offspring of, 267.
- dropping of tails, origin of, 497.
- eaten as food, 147, 461-462. See also Tuatara.
- evil spirits in the form of, 460.
- flying, 460-461.
- man-destroying, 368. See also Taniwha.
- myths concerning, 271, 459-464.
- origin of, 259, 270-271, 319, 476.
- personified, 270, 319, 461, 463.
- represent Whiro, 179, 460.
- sound (kata) emitted by, 464.
- swallowed alive as a form of ordeal, 142, 147, 149, 462.
- Tamatea transforms Kopuwai into, 161.
- used in magic acts, 157, 180, 461, 462, 463-464.
- See also Tuatara.
Lizard skin cloak, 559.
Lizard tribes, 570.
Lonoakihi: the eel god of Hawaii, 367, 398.
Lonomoku (Rongo), the Hawaiian legend of, 395.
Lono: the Rongo of Hawaii, 395, 398.
Lord of Earthquakes, the, 226. See also Ruamoko.
Lord of the Fish, 572, 573. See also Tangaroa.
Lord of the Ocean, 573. See also Tangaroa.
Love
- charms, 159, 214, 576.
- messages, 575, 576.
- messenger, 575.
- song, 470.
- token sent by Papa to Rangi, 252.
Love, Mercy, Charity, Compassion, the Maori does not represent these with beings, 291.
Lower spirit world, 62, 64, 74, 77, 88, 227, 228, 229, 342, 349. See also Underworld.
Lower world (earth), 112.
Luck, 528-529.
- good, 594, 595, 596, 601, 616.page 651
- ill, 111, 211, 522, 596, 601, 602, 603, 604, 607, 608, 609, 611, 612, 613, 616, 617, 621.
- See also Maire; Waimarie.
Lunar
- eclipses, cause of, 394.
- months, 389, 390.
- myths, 386-398.
Lustral rites: 29, 100.

Madagascar, ceremonial copulation at, 615.
Maeroero: mythical bush folk, 520, 545, 551.
Maero: mythical wild men, 551.
Mafuie: the Samoan conserver of fire, 247, 352.
Mafuike: a Polynesian Mahuika, 247, 352.
Magic, 12, 42, 59, 102-191, 208, 216, 486, 512.
- and bird messengers, 132.
- and food, 106, 161.
- and hospitality, 103.
- and line drawing, 155-156.
- and mana, 118, 139.
- and rahui, 189, 190.
- and religion, 109, 192.
- and the social system, 104, 107, 108.
- causing the soul to pass to the spirit world, 83.
- connected with rain, 119.
- darker forms of, 102. See also Black magic; Makutu.
- defeat avenged by, 172.
- destructive, 53, 108, 113, 139, 143, 188, 369.
- enfeebled by, 155.
- fire procured by, 129.
- gods or demons of, 141.
- long distance, 167.
- malicious, 175.
- Maui kills Rohe by, 73.
- mediums used in, 48, 51, 52, 106, 151, 154, 169, 383.
- See also Ohonga.
- milder forms of, 115, 119, 136. See also White magic.
- ocean crossings effected by, 118.
- origin of, 74.
- pertaining to houses and huts, 159.
- precautions against, 41-42, 163, 183.
- preventative, 104.
- protective, 105.
- rendering paths dangerous, 184.
- restorative, 135.
- sickness attributed to, 108, 109, 122.
- social status of practitioners of, 105, 175.
- storms raised by, 117, 118, 125, 179.
- streams produced by, 129.
- sympathetic, 48, 106, 383, 523, 597.
- teaching of, 138, 139, 140, 141, 177.
- See also Whare maire.
- the European meaning of, 109.
- to destroy missionaries, 105.
- to prolong the hours of darkness, 447.
- to punish offenders, 104, 174, 185.
- to render doorways dangerous, 158.
- to slay a wizard, 170.
- used for strange purposes, 126.
- wairua affected by, 41, 43, 105, 164, 177.
- wind raising, 115, 117, 119-120, 130.
- See also Black magic; Makutu; White magic.
Magic arts, 41, 42, 43, 49, 51, 52, 53, 55, 73, 103, 106, 109, 113, 115, 117, 118, 120, 132, 143, 151, 163, 177, 222, 447, 472, 597.
Magic ceremonial, 618. See also Ceremonial; Ceremonies.
Magic chant, 518.
Magic charms, 104, 128, 169, 179, 350, 618. See also Charms.
Magic darts, 132-133, 134, 135, 455, 457, 458.
Magic formulae, 107, 157, 442. See also Formulae.
Magicians, 117, 119, 128, 129, 131, 133, 136, 153, 174, 305, 412, 468, 469. See also Warlocks; Wizards.
Magic post, 187.
Magic powers, 106, 108, 114, 138, 141, 185, 188, 371, 471-472.
Magic rites, 53, 120, 169, 177, 179. See also Rites.
Magic spells, 104, 105, 118, 126, 130, 140, 141, 143, 147, 149, 150, 151, 156, 159, 173, 177, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 378, 463-464, 518. See also Spells.
- of Hine, 378, 379, 381, 382.
Magic streams and springs, 129.
Magic traps, 154.
Magic tree, 440
Mahoihoi: forest dwelling beings, 383.
Mahoi: meaning of, 55, 267, 548.
Mahoi, Te: a mythical being, 55.
Mahora-nui-atea: vast ocean spaces, 412, 413.
Mahu, 154, 161, 168, 174.
- and Taewha, the story of, 108, 137, 138, 141-143, 143-150.
- the white pine, the story of, 321.
Mahuie: guardian of fire at Tahiti, 247, 329.
Mahuika: personified form of fire, 193, 244-248, 277, 284, 296, 308, 309, 329, page 652 330, 336, 345, 347, 348, 349, 350, 351, 352, 361, 370, 379, 386, 390, 441, 443, 490, 494, 528, 569, 585.
- and Maui. See Maui.
- Pacific parallels, 246-247.
Mahunu: a nervous, apprehensive condition, 156.
Mahuru: personified form of spring, 311, 322, 564.
Mahutonga, the plug of, 241, 412-413. See also Ruamahutonga.
Maiki brethren, 62, 314, 315.
Maiki names, pertaining to diseases, 225, 314, 315.
Maiki-nui: personified form of disease and sickness, 123, 144, 149, 218, 313.
Maikiroa: personified form of disease and sickness, 100, 144, 149, 222, 373.
Maioha (greeting), part of the pure ceremony, 29.
Maipi: a weapon, 226, 442, 443.
Makamaka rimu: a ceremony, 476, 541.
Makerewhatu: denotes heavy rain, 306.
Makohu-rangi: a personified form of mist, 306.
Makuru or whakamakuru: an ominous prickling or twitching of the nose, 596.
Makutu (black magic), 102, 108, 109, 111, 113, 114, 115, 136, 139, 149, 150, 157, 162, 170, 176, 182, 184.
- and the wairua, 163.
- and white magic, 102, 105.
- as a method of execution, 104.
- as the cause of inter-tribal feuding, 115.
- as the knowledge of evil, 137, 140.
- a token of, 156.
- avenged by makutu, 184.
- ceremony to counteract, 182.
- defined, 102, 115.
- effectiveness explained, 103, 105, 139-140.
- empowered by atua, 151.
- harmless against Europeans, 107.
- illness caused by, 108.
- social function of, 113, 142.
- the owl connected with, 164.
- the source of, 109, 112.
- the teaching of, 114, 137, 139, 140-141, 167.
- thieves punished by, 142, 149, 175.
- to strengthen a rahui, 185, 186.
- See also Black magic; Witchcraft.
Malay
- prohibitions on the use of certain words, 612.
- spiritual beliefs, 32, 42.
Male and female
- bands of the rainbow, 414.
- children, omens and superstitions associated with, 616-617.
- elements, 404, 405.
- origin of, 279.
- personifications of the moon, 303.
- See also Female sex.
Male creative and protective power, 112.
Male organ of generation, 105.
Male sex, superiority of, 82.
Mamaru and Mawakenui: controllers of the clouds, 307.
Man
- divine spirit in, 47.
- immortal part of, 54, 55.
- life principle of, 46.
- origin of, 56.
- spiritual nature of, 31.
- the first, 329.
Mana (authority, prestige, power)
- absorbed from a teacher, 149.
- and social position, 19.
- and tapu, 15, 17, 19, 47, 117.
- empowering magic acts, 19, 30, 107, 117, 118, 123, 131, 132, 138, 139, 142, 154, 156, 185, 408, 475-476, 508, 522, 543.
- losing, 150.
- mauri endowed with, 47, 49, 50.
- of adzes, 413.
- of Aotearoa, 556.
- of a stone, 138.
- of boundary marks, 409.
- of hills and mountains, 465, 466, 474, 527.
- of lakes, 49, 507.
- of Rangi, 241.
- of Raukawa (Cook Strait), 542.
- of the gods, 15, 17, 39, 47, 107, 118.
- of the right side, 597.
- of the twelve heavens, acquired by Tane, 37.
- of tipua, 529.
- of Turehu and Patupaiarehe, 545.
- of Wharekura, 289.
- pertaining to knowledge, 110.
- -possessing beings, personifications as, 414.
- to enhance, 119, 130, 474.
- to inherit, 110, 597.
Manaia, 480, 601.
Manaia and Nuku, and their sea fight, 117, 207, 412, 542.
Mana maori, decline of, 185, 521.
Manapou: a mythical bird, 564.
Mana tapu, 590, 596.
Manawa
- denotes breath, 53.
- denotes the spirit of Hawaii, 54.
Manawa folk of Galatea, 507.
Manawa-nui, 54, 142.
Manawa ora: breath of life, 53, 65.
Manawa-pa, 54.
Manawa-rau, 54.page 653
Manawa-reka, 59.
Manea that pertains to the human footprint, 51, 123, 137, 152, 153.
Mangaia
- Hina at, 353, 388.
- Mahuika at, 247.
- Miru at, 74, 76.
- Rakamaomoa at, 412.
- spiritual beliefs at, 54, 67, 70, 74, 76, 88, 91.
- story of Rata not known at, 445.
- the Maui myths at, 247, 353, 359.
Manga-o-Tane, the talking heads of, 592.
Mangareva
- Hina at, 388.
- Mauike represents fire at, 247.
- Maui-matavaru fishes up the islands of, 376.
- originator of the winds at, 412.
- the meaning of manawa at, 54.
- the meeting of tupua at, 521.
Manga-wairoa, 366.
Mango, represents sharks, 568-569.
Mangoroa: a name for the Milky Way, 367, 501.
Manihiki Island
- a woman inhabited island, a story at, 553.
- the Maui myths at, 352, 353, 376.
Man tribe, attacked by Sandfly and Mosquito, a fable, 578-580.
Manumanu: signifies insects in eastern Polynesia, 267.
Manu teko: a bird tipua, 535.
Manu teko: a tapu bird, 535, 536.
Manu tute: a bird as an evil omen, 344.
Marae, 147, 154, 300, 303.
Maxae-nui-atea: term denoting the ocean, 300.
Marae nui o Hine moana: a name for the ocean, 255.
Marae-nui: term denoting the ocean, 300.
Marae o Hine-moana: a name for the ocean, 255.
Marakihau: mythical sea denizens, 477, 519.
Marama hua: guardians of the moon, 393.
Marama ora: denotes the breath of life, 65.
Marama: the moon, 279, 386, 388, 390, 392.
Marama whiro: guardians of the moon, 393.
Mara tautane, 153.
Maraugaranga folk, 125.
Marei kura: attendants of Io, 93, 94, 99.
Mareikura maidens: denizens of the heavens, 265.
Marie: a lucky sign, 594, 595, 604.
Maw: an apron, 126, 186, 187, 279.
Maroi: a personified aspect of rain, 296.
Marooning stories, 477-480, 586-587.
Marquesas
- Hina and Tiki at, 353, 388.
- lizards dreaded at, 463.
- meaning of manawa at, 54.
- Papa-nui-tinaku, a name for the earth at, 300.
- Tangaroa at, 73.
- Veke denotes a malefactor at, 207.
Marriage
- between hills, 465.
- origin of, 278.
Maru ahiahi: denotes evening, 26.
Maruiwi folk, 124, 128.
- refugees, 466.
Maru: personified form of some celestial phenomenon, 147, 303, 414, 610.
Mataaho: controller of waters, rain, mist, frost, earthquakes and volcanoes, 236, 249, 252, 254, 304, 372, 373, 401, 402, 422.
- confused with Mataora, 231, 235, 402.
Matahorua: name of Kupe's canoe, 204.
Matakai: a mode of slaying a person, 104, 162.
Matakerepo: personified form of blindness, 383, 434.
Matakia: a method of employing magic, 161.
Matakite: seers, 60, 106, 547.
Matakokiri: denotes meteors, 281.
Mata, meanings of, 99.
Mataora
- acquires the art of tattooing, 41, 77, 227-231, 233-234, 236, 237, 239-240.
- and the Deluge Myth, 235-236, 237.
- homeland of, 375.
- visits the underworld, 77, 81, 91, 226-237, 240, 285.
- See also Niwareka; Uetonga.
Matapou charm, 161, 206, 215.
Matapou rite, 472.
Matapou spells, 160, 161, 216, 468.
Matapuru: defensive charms, 181, 183, 304.
Mata rakau charm, 125, 137, 165, 597.
Matariki: the Pleiades star group, 388, 393.
Matatua folk, 112, 152, 160, 166, 175, 253, 265, 267, 275, 278, 285, 288, 299, 301, 306, 307, 309, 310, 312, 316, 334, 336, 346, 351, 358, 362, 374, 375, 377, 379, 389, 392, 399, 407, 409, 410, 420, 421, 422, 423, 424, 426, 427, 432, 449, 469, 509, 524, 549.
Matatuhi: a seer, 60, 106, 115.
Mata waiapu: a stone used as a talisman, 138.page 654
Matawalu: a Fijian god, 332.
Mate a one or mate a whenua: denotes permanent death, 377.
Mate ea: denotes avenged death, 124.
Mate maori: an illness caused by makutu, 108.
Matiti: denotes summer months, 311.
Matua keke: aunt, 581.
Matua: parents, 266.
Matuku: a taniwha, 444, 446.
Matuku-tangotango: a cannibal, 441-442.
Mauhika: the name for Mahuika at the Chatham Islands, 246.
Maui, 62, 64, 68, 73, 76, 184, 198, 247, 255, 275, 278, 284, 296, 306, 317, 327, 328-386, 390, 391, 409, 423, 427, 437, 501, 548.
- and Hina, 333, 334, 337, 353, 359-362, 364-367.
- and Hine-nui-te-po, 112, 113-114, 158, 159, 230, 245, 246, 296, 329, 330, 333, 337, 354, 365, 367, 377-385, 548.
- and Irawaru, 337, 354, 359-362, 370, 391.
- and Mahuika, 241, 244-248, 277, 330, 333, 334, 336, 337, 345, 348-352, 354, 361, 370, 385.
- and Maru, 368-369.
- and mother (Taranga) descend to the underworld, 336, 341-347.
- and Muri-rangi-whenua, 135, 354.
- and Niniwa-i-te-rangi, 363-364.
- and Rohe, 64, 73, 337, 362-363.
- and Tangaroa, 334-335.
- and Tangaroa and Te Mokoroaiata, 337, 367-368.
- and the moa, 368.
- and the origin of death and black magic, 73.
- and Tuna, 261, 337, 364-367, 379, 520.
- assumes the form of birds, 317, 342, 344, 345, 346, 349, 352, 354, 376, 378, 384, 599.
- assumes the form of various animals, 379, 384.
- birth of, 336, 337, 338-339.
- brothers, the, 246, 330, 331, 334, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 343, 346, 347, 351, 353, 354, 355, 356, 357, 358-359, 361, 362, 367, 369, 370, 372, 373, 376, 379, 383, 390.
- confines the wind, 413.
- connected with light, day the sun, 73, 302, 331.
- canoe of, 407, 591.
- destroys the fire children, 245, 277.
- fishes up land from the ocean, 52, 198, 284, 300, 330, 331, 332, 333, 354, 369-376.
- fish of, 52, 367, 371, 375.
- invents a bird spear, 354, 355, 356.
- invents the barbed fish hook, 337, 354.
- invents the entrance to crayfish traps, 337, 356, 357.
- invents the entrance to eel pots, 337, 354, 356.
- myths, the, 52, 200, 296, 328-386.
- obtains fire for mankind, 244, 247, 336, 347, 348-352.
- pulls the plug of Ruamahutonga, 283.
- snares the sun, 109, 337, 357-359.
- the dart thrower, 134, 135, 336, 339-340, 346, 374.
- the death of, 73, 112, 113-114, 158, 159.
- the fish of, 300, 371.
- the wind seeker, 413.
- youthful adventures of, 337-339.
Maui
- denotes black magic, 102.
- denotes life, 331.
Maui-atamai, 355, 357, 360.
Mauike: a Polynesian Mahuika, 247, 351.
Maui Manawa, 349.
Maui-matawaru, 332.
Maui-mohio, 332, 354, 357.
Maui-mua, 329, 338, 340, 341, 347, 361, 369, 370, 376, 379, 380.
Maui-nukara, 341.
Maui-nuka-rau, 332, 357.
Maui-pae, 336, 338, 340, 351, 369, 370.
Maui-potiki, 329, 330, 331, 332, 335, 336, 337, 338, 340, 347, 351, 355, 362.
Maui-roto, 338, 340, 347, 370.
Maui-taha, 336, 370.
Maui-tahu, 338, 340, 370.
Maui-tikitiki, 336, 337, 338, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 352, 355, 356, 357, 368, 369, 370, 371, 372, 273, 378, 380, 386.
Maui-tikitiki-a-Taranga, 235, 247, 329, 331, 338, 340, 348.
Maui-tikitiki-o-te-rangi, 351.
Maui-toa, 332.
Maui-waho, 338.
Maui-wareware, 354, 357, 360.
Maungaharo: mountain where Hawaikinui situated, 93, 95.
Maunga haruru: hills where thunder resounds, 422, 466.
Maunga: personified form of mountains and ranges, 294, 471, 529. See also Hine maunga.
Manugapohatu, an enchanted tapu mountain, 119, 465, 466, 467, 469, 470, 471, 474, 511, 519. page 655
- bush fighters of, 427.
- bushmen of, 471.
Maunga tipua: uncanny mountains, 466, 527.
Maunu: the ohonga representing the human hau in magic rites, 53.
Mauri formulae, 50.
Mauri ora: sacred life principle of man, 46, 47, 48.
Mauri tapu, 50.
Mauri: the physical life principle of man, 32, 40, 46-50, 52, 53, 55, 100, 101, 138, 139, 153, 186, 187, 331, 371, 532, 590.
Mawe: the semblance of an object, place, or quality, 33, 52, 375.
Maw-we of Tahiti, 329.
Meal, the final, 82.
Medicine, 24, 123, 618-621.
Mediums used in magic acts, 48, 51, 52, 106, 111-112, 114, 124, 125, 132, 137, 143, 149, 151, 153, 154, 156, 157, 158, 159, 164, 169-170, 172, 173-174, 175, 181, 182, 183, 186, 383, 434, 575-576, 597. See also Ohonga.
Meko, a taniwha, 510.
Melanesia
- hina denotes the sun in, 386.
- moko denotes crocodile in, 368.
- the meaning of tupu at, 523.
- the relationship of Maori and Polynesian mythology to, 198, 199, 200, 333, 436.
Menstruating women, harmful influence of, 614.
Mentality
- myth as a phase of, 111, 193, 194-195.
- of the Maori, 103, 291, 382.
Meru, 72, 76. See also Miru.
Metempsychosis, 61, 477.
Meteors
- origin of, 34, 281.
- personified form of, 177, 304, 415.
Meto: a personified form of comets, 304.
Meto or Ameto: lowermost division of the underworld, 87.
Migrations, traditions of, being versions of the Maui myth, 385.
Milky Way, 97, 222, 240, 253, 281, 290, 367, 368, 501. See also Tangotango.
Milu: Minu in Hawaiian lore, 75.
Minerva, 461.
Miracles, Maori, 136, 476.
Miri aroha rite, 123-124, 180.
Miru: a being of the underworld, 69, 71, 72, 74, 75, 76, 88, 89, 113, 184, 270, 362, 558.
- and Tangaroa, 75-76.
- and Tumatauenga, 69, 76.
Miru and Hinerangi, a folk tale, 557-558.
Misfortune, personified, 312.
Missionaries, 24, 59, 67, 73, 78, 81, 99, 105, 136, 158, 194, 231, 237, 354, 403, 525.
Mist and dew, the origin of, 282.
Mist Maid, the, 251, 268, 282, 294, 307, 362, 396, 399, 400, 416, 418, 419, 431, 468, 471, 529, 531, 557.
- and Uenuku (The Rainbow), 417-420.
- names of, 306, 417-418.
Mist, personified, 306.
Miti aitua: meaning of, 602.
Miti: denotes dream, 602.
Moa, 451, 453, 464, 511.
Moana-kura, 450.
Moana nui a Kiwa: the Great Ocean of Kiwa, 37, 252.
Moana-nui: a personified form of the ocean, 309.
Moana nui a Tamaku: the Great Ocean of Tamaku, 37.
Moenganui: personified form of flies, 320.
Mofuike: denotes an earthquake in Tonga, 247.
Mohorangi: the dread dog of Tarawhata, 541, 542.
Moka: a form of caterpillar, 319.
Moko (crocodile), and the origin of taniwha myths, 474-475.
Moko: denotes reptiles, 270.
Mokohikuwaru and Tutangata-kino: lizard demons, or atua, 74, 463.
Moko-huruhuru; personified form of glow worms, 320, 397.
Moko kakariki: the common green lizard, 179, 319, 460, 474, 600.
Mokomoko: a species of lizard, 464.
Mokomokouri: brother of Taranga, 337, 339.
Moko nui: huge mythical taniwha, 475, 501.
Moko papa: a species of lizard, the origin of, 270, 497.
Mokopuna: denotes descendant, grandchild, 266.
Moko roa: a huge lizard, 475.
Mokoroa: a taniwha, 501.
Mokoroa-iata: a sea monster, 337, 367-368.
Moko-roa-iata: the Milky Way, 367, 501.
Mokoroa: personified form of the wood grub, 320.
Moko-tititoa: controller of the arts of theft and falsehood, 224.
Momono spell, 181.
Months of the year, 209, 210, 229, 260, 267, 283, 337, 389, 391-392, 408.
Mo'o (moko), of Hawaii, 475, 501.
Moon page 656
- and sun, and the origin of affection, 277.
- as controller of the tides, 255, 387, 392, 393.
- eclipses, cause of, 394.
- goddess, 386.
- guardians of, 254, 393.
- myths, 386-398.
- origin of, 222.
- personified forms of, 303, 386-398.
Moon Maid, 246, 259, 333.
Moon Maidens, 259, 279, 303, 395-398, 517.
Moon myths, 386. See also Hina, Rona, Rongo.
Morion spiritual concepts and mythology, 46, 63-64, 73, 74, 82, 83-84, 253, 311, 351, 363, 422, 436.
Morning Maid, the, 311, 419.
Mortlock Isles, and eel called tiki-tol at, 391.
Mortuary rites, 590.
Motatau: door to Reinga, 90.
Moths called wairua tangata, 71.
Motoi: ear pendant, 586.
Mouehu and Hekapona: the offspring of, 320.
Moui: means life, 331.
Mountain Maid, the, 195, 254, 308, 323, 325, 471, 476.
Mountains
- ambulatory, 292, 466-472.
- as the site of Hawaiki-rangi, 94-95.
- female, 465, 467, 470.
- mythical denizens of, 544-549.
- myths pertaining to, 465-472.
- personified, 323.
- tapu, 94, 95, 280, 465, 466, 474, 527, 607. See also Hikurangi; Maungapohatu.
- tribal, 465.
- weeping, 466.
Mouri, 46. See also Mauri.
Mourning act, 534.
Multitude of the Hakuturi: forest dwelling spirits, 267.
Multitude of the Mahoihoi: mythical forest dwellers, 548.
Murder, 77, 124.
Muri-rangawhenua: forbear of Maui, 135, 246, 337, 339, 342, 354, 355, 370, 374, 375.
- jawbone of, as the fish hook of Maui, 135, 370, 371, 372, 374.
Muriwai: denotes an entrance, 68.
Muriwai: entrance to the underworld, 295.
Muriwai hou: entrance to the underworld, 68, 224.
Muriwai hou ki Rarohenga: entrance to the underworld, 68, 92.
Musical Shell of Matakaoa, a tale, 575.
Mussel and Cockle Tribes, war between, a fable, 574-575.
Mussels
- names of the nine kinds, 256.
- origin of, 256.
Myth, 192-197, 202-203, 290-293, 328.
- and history, 109, 195, 196, 197, 200, 202-203, 217, 336.
- and magic, 109.
- and religion, 192, 193, 194, 196.
Mythical
- ancestors, 294.
- beings, 55, 196, 211, 241, 270, 298, 473, 544-560.
- birds, 265, 277, 563-564.
- genealogies, 253, 423.
- heavens, 298.
- origin of the Tuhoe tribe, 294.
- place in the ocean, 259.
Mythopoetic character of myth, 193, 197, 414, 416.
Mythopoetic stage of mental growth, 290.
Myths, 10, 12, 26, 35, 57, 62, 69, 70, 96, 118, 134.
- anthropogenic, 192, 196, 201, 220.
- Asiatic, 110.
- astronomical, 97, 361, 598.
- Christian, 231, 365, 403, 404.
- conflicting versions of, 73, 200, 201, 220, 257, 259, 533.
- Cosmogenic, 35, 192, 196, 201, 220, 258, 275, 293, 595.
- esoteric 196, 201.
- European, 590.
- explanatory, 192, 194.
- higher class, 114, 196, 290.
- historical and cultural, 197.
- nature, 192, 193, 250, 328, 414.
- origin, 192, 193-194, 195, 200, 202, 219-220, 223, 243, 244, 254, 261, 272, 279, 291, 298, 316, 322, 323, 324, 328, 329, 357, 394, 486, 593.
- origin and evolution of, 92, 97, 103, 192-193, 194, 220, 236, 284, 291, 328, 384, 546.
- orological, 469.
- personification in, 192, 194, 195, 197, 199, 201, 202, 220, 290-327, 328, 453, 465.
- Polynesian and Melanesian source of, 74, 198, 199, 200, 284, 333, 436, 548.
- primal, 264.
- second class, 192, 329.
- superior, 192, 193, 196, 197, 198, 201, 292.
- theogonic, 192.
- translation of, 197.

page 657

Na'au: the Hawaiian equivalent of
ngakau, 54.
Naeroa, the mosquito, 578-580.
Nail clippings, as a medium in magic arts, 151.
Names, tapu pertaining to, 25, 26.
Namunamu ki taiao: the period of inclining toward light, at the beginning of time, 240.
Namu obtains a drop of blood from Maui, 114, 378, 379.
Namu (Sandfly) and Naeroa (Mosquito), a fable, 578-580.
Nanakia: dread creatures, 491, 493, 494, 498, 537, 552-553, 556, 583.
National Museum of New Zealand, 11, 13.
Natural and supernatural, the boundary between, 103, 110.
Nature myths, 192, 193, 207, 250, 328-472, 333, 414.
Nature personified, 291.
Nawa: denotes breath, life; soul, in Java, 54.
Neck pendant. See Heitiki; Tiki.
Nephrite, 325, 448. See also Green-stone.
Net floats, origin of, 578.
Net-making, the acquisition of, 548.
New Guinea
- crocodile name of, 474, 600.
- spiritual concepts of, 32, 51.
New Hebrides
- Maui myths known at, 376, 386.
- Story of Tawhaki and Karihi known at, 436.
New Messiah craze, 103, 110.
New Messiah, Rua-tapunui of Maun-gapohatu, 194.
Ngahue, 325, 368, 444, 451, 452, 453, 454, 458, 459.
Nga Ika a Whaitiri: an expression for snow, hail, frost, 410.
Ngai-Tahu folk, 69, 276, 401, 498, 499.
Ngaitahu version of Maui, 334.
Ngai-Tara folk, 390, 489.
Ngai-Tarapounamu folk, 493.
Ngai-Tara tribe, 514.
Ngakau: denotes the entrails, the seat of affections, the mind, 54, 55.
Nga Maihi clan, 120, 129, 130.
Nganga: the personified form of frost, hail and ice, 410.
Nga-Oho tribe, 167, 400.
Nga Potiki, and old-time tribe, 471.
Nga Potiki clan of Tuhoe, 465.
Ngapuhi folk, 82, 117, 209, 375, 550, 556, 580.
Ngarara: generic term to denote insects and reptiles, 267, 270, 319, 475, 488, 519.
Ngarara-huarau: a taniwha, 243, 246, 487-495.
Ngarara papa: a species of lizard, 267.
Nga Rauru, 503.
Ngarue and Wharematangi, the story of, 133-135, 181.
Ngaru-roa: personified form of waves, 339.
Nga Taru o Tura: a term for grey hairs, 219.
Ngati-Apa, 503.
Ngati-Awa folk, 120, 128, 131, 135, 155, 165, 171, 178, 271, 277, 278, 279, 280, 304-305, 309, 340, 346, 366, 406, 428, 469, 477, 485, 522, 536, 537.
Ngati-Awa of Bay of Plenty, 71, 85, 87, 118, 244, 246, 270, 274, 536, 587.
Ngati-Awa of Te Teko, 120, 281, 367.
Ngati-Awa of Whakatane, 212.
Ngati-Awa (Taranaki), 366.
Ngati-Hamua, 127-128.
Ngati-Hau, 334, 366, 535, 603.
Ngati-Haumia clan, 501.
Ngati-Hika clan, 115.
Ngati-Kaiperu tribe, 250.
Ngati-Kaungunu, 84, 137, 178-179, 188, 190, 213, 315, 334, 395, 516, 543.
Ngati-Koura, 610.
Ngati-Kuia tribe, 346, 351, 362, 364, 376, 384, 434, 513.
Ngati-Manawa folk, 185, 422, 506, 592.
Ngati-maru tribe, 155-156, 529.
Ngati-Patumoana, 189.
Ngati-Porou Native Contingent, 239.
Ngati-Porou tribe, 49, 86, 156, 163, 170, 265, 300-301, 307, 401, 455, 465, 548, 550, 602, 615.
Ngati-Pou folk of Pokohu, 190.
Ngati-Raukawa, 588.
Ngati-Ruanui folk, 390.
Ngati-Tawhaki, 109.
Ngati Toa, 482, 542-543.
Ngati-Wairehu clan, 232, 235.
Ngati-Whaoa, 189.
Ngati-Whare clan, 532.
Ngati-Whare tribe, 422.
Ngati-Whatua, 520, 559.
Ngatoro
- had volcanic fire sent from Hawaiki, 129.
- saves the Arawa vessel, 115-116, 254.
Ngauaoa and Rata, explores, 444, 445, Ngau paepae: act of nullifying the effects of magic, 149, 163.
Ngau taringa (ear biting): act of passing on knowledge from a dying expert, 110.
Ngingongino: demons, 71.page 658
Ngongo (tongues), of sea denizens, 478.
Night
- absent from Rarohenga, 77.
- fear of, 58.
- recurrence of, the origin of, 393.
- the Gates of, 69.
- the underworld as, 68, 69. See also Po.
Night of time, the, 240.
Niho tunga: toothache, 620.
Niu: a divinatory ceremony, 599.
Niue Island
- Hina at, 387.
- Maui myths at, 331, 386.
- origin of fishing nets, tale at, 262.
- spiritual concepts of, 55, 59, 67.
- tupua the equivalent of tipua at, 521.
Niwareka: a Terehu, and wife of Mataora, 77, 226-237, 241, 264, 285, 323.
Noa: denotes void of tapu, 19, 28, 47, 597.
Noah and the flood, 237, 402, 403.
Noah's Ark myth, 591.
Noke: a personified form of earth-worms, 320.
Nose flute, 559, 560.
Nuku and Manaia fight, 117, 412.
Nuku: denotes distance, and wide extent, 299.
Nukumaitore, mythical forest dwelling beings, 217, 219, 553.
Number twelve
- conserver of, 35.
- predilection for, 26, 35-36, 65, 225. See also Heavens.
- tapu pertaining to, 26.
Numeration, the origin of, 36.

Obsidian, 296, 324.
- and the flight of the greenstone folk, 451, 453, 454.
Occult
- lore, 75.
- powers, 125, 406.
Ocean
- calming ceremony, 115, 116.
- guardians and controllers of, 252, 253, 309.
- myths, 252-255.
- personified, 252, 253, 255, 309, 310, 410. See also Hinemoana.
- tides. See Tides.
Ocean Maid, the, 91, 101, 115, 116, 243, 251, 252, 253, 295, 307, 326, 338, 393, 394, 413, 585. See also Hinemoana.
Ocean of Kiwa, 215.
Ochre. See Red Ochre.
Ochre springs, 186.
Octopus, origin of, 258.
Odd numbers, superstitions associated with, 607.
Offerings
- dedicatory, 287.
- human, 40.
- of food, 80, 445, 458, 502, 523, 524.
- of rau rakau, 528.
- of seaweed, 476, 541.
- placatory, 94, 524.
- propitiatory, 258.
- to gods and spirits, 80, 93, 94, 153, 154, 416, 417, 432, 445, 458, 476-477, 523, 541, 609.
- to taniwha, 502, 506, 525.
- to the mauri of a forest, 53.
- to the Turehu, 545.
- to tipua, 522, 523, 524, 525, 526, 528, 529.
Ogre of Hikurangi, 485, 537, 590.
Ogress, Houmea the, 538-540.
Ogre (taniwha), 499.
Ohomauri: a "startled" mauri, 47.
Ohonga: a material medium used in magic acts, 52, 53, 149, 151, 152, 153, 159, 173-174, 175, 178, 186, 523. See also Mediums.
Oho rangi: a rite, 109, 118, 119, 616.
Oho: the word ohonga derived from, 153.
Oiroa: a mythical being connected with volcanic action and earthquakes, 323.
Okatia: a taniwha, 519.
Old, Testament allegories, 291.
O matenga: the final meal, 82.
Omens, 44-45, 123, 192, 594-622.
- associated with birds, 164, 211, 229-230, 461, 532, 533, 535, 598-599, 613.
- associated with birth, 610, 616-617.
- associated with body movements and twitching, 605-606.
- associated with comets, 177, 304, 422, 611.
- associated with cooking, 609, 615.
- associated with dogs, 599, 612.
- associated with dreams, 180, 601-603, 612.
- associated with fish, 600-601, 613.
- associated with food, 608, 609, 613-614.
- associated with hearing spirits at night, 607, 621-622.
- associated with lizards, 89, 179-180, 460, 461, 464, 595, 600, 606.
- associated with odd numbers, 607.
- associated with rainbows, 307, 415.
- associated with sleepers and sleeping, 604.
- associated with the female sex, 614.page 659
- associated with the moon and stars, 611.
- associated with the right and left sides, 596-598, 605, 606, 610.
- associated with war, 596, 600, 605, 609-611.
- associated with weaving, 617-618.
- associated with work, 608.
- climatic, 610-611.
- evil, 89, 179, 180, 242, 460, 461, 464, 595, 600, 603, 604, 605, 606, 616.
- ill, 594, 595, 596.
- puhore, 611.
Oneiromancy among the Maori, 603.
Ope kehua or ope wairua: troops of spirits, 549.
Ora: signifies life and welfare, 56.
Ordeals of the whare maire, 141, 142, 147, 148, 150. See also Tests.
Oriental people
- concept of one god with many names among, 222.
- their faith in metempsychosis, 61.
Orientals, and death, 60.
Origin myths, 192, 193-194, 195, 200, 202, 219-290, 223, 243, 244, 254, 261, 272, 279, 291, 298, 316, 322, 323, 324, 328, 239, 357, 394, 486, 593.
Orological myths, 469.
Orowaru: spirit voices, 41.
Osiris, judgement of the soul by, 59.
Ovens, 130, 141, 184, 217, 496. See also Fire pit.
Owl
- omens associated with, 164, 461, 598, 599, 609.
- origin of nocturnal habits, 229.
- personified, 566.

Pa: a block to traffic, 156-157.
Pa: a Maori village, 10, 17, 485, 486, 532, 589, 597.
- maun of, 50.
- See also Villages.
Paepae: horizontal beam of a latrine, 163.
Paepae kairangi: latrine, 149.
Paerau: a division of the underworld, 67-68.
Paeroa wind, the, 120.
pahunu, a nervous condition, 156.
Paia, 37.
- steals the fire generating sticks of Rangi, 39.
Paikea-ariki: an ocean-dwelling taniwha, 519.
Paikea or Paikea-ariki: ocean-dwelling taniwha, 519.
Paint, ceremonial use of, 19.
Painted designs
- on houses, 287-288.
- on the face. See Mataora acquires the art of tattooing.
Pakeha: European folk, 13, 78, 207, 279, 372, 465, 530, 531, 535, 550.
Pakeha New Zealand, 12.
Pakepakeha and Pakehakeka: diminutive mythical creatures, 550.
Pakiwaitara: folk tales, 560.
Pale Hina, 303, 360, 386, 387.
Panerua: a two-headed taniwha, 500.
Panewharu: a personified form of earthworms, 320.
Pani, 235, 237, 271, 319, 334, 335, 341, 346, 367. As mother of the kumara (sweet potato), 300, 319, 335, 593.
Pani-tinaku: the originator of the art of cooking food, 275, 334, 341.
Paoa and Rongokako, tale of, 472.
Papaharo: the act of vitiating the hau of land, 167.
Papaki: a spell to punish women, 126.
Papakura: a gleaming appearance of the heavens, 284, 303, 610.
Papakura: originator of volcanic stone and kauwhanga, 242, 325.
Papa-matua-te-kore: Papa the Parent-less, 240, 242, 299.
Papa Matua: the earth parent, 37, 240, 299.
Papa, the Earth Mother, 36, 37, 39, 45, 82, 87, 93, 242, 249, 251, 252, 253, 264, 273, 278, 279, 299, 300, 307, 399, 402, 408, 426, 461. See also Earth Mother; Rangi and Papa.
Papa the Parent, 240.
Papa the Parentless. 98, 112, 242, 299, 585.
Papa-tioi: a name for the Earth Mother, 240, 249, 250, 299.
Papa-tiraha: denotes volcanic activity and earthquakes, 249.
Papa-tiranga: a name for the Earth Mother, 299.
Papa-tirangi: a name for the Earth Mother, 240.
Papa-tu-a-nuku: a name for the Earth Mother, 94, 240-241, 299, 323, 375, 380, 403, 410.
Parables, 195.
Parahia: a land-dwelling taniwha, 502.
Parangeki: spirit forms, 44, 60, 63, 549, 621.
Parata: a sea denizen who causes the tides, 254, 318, 375, 401, 477.
Parauri: a guardian of the forest, 316, 317.page 660
Paraweranui: personified form of the south wind, 94, 117, 221, 283, 308, 315, 411, 412, 413, 589.
Para-whaka-wairuru, dread multitudes of Whiro, 63.
Parawhenua: a personified form of water, 309.
Parawhenuamea: the personified form of water, 35, 195, 242, 243, 252, 254, 257, 269, 295, 309, 315, 323, 326, 327, 401, 402, 411, 586. See also Wainui.
Parearohi: personified form of the shimmering heat of summer, 310. 557.
Parekawa and the taniwha, the story of, 480-481.
Paretao: personified form of obsidian, 296, 324.
Pari karangaranga: denotes an echo, 280.
Pataka (storehouse), rendered tapu, 481.
Patea people, 128, 131.
Patu i te rangi, weather suppressing act, 121.
Patu onewa: a weapon, 209.
Patupaerehe
- mythical forest beings, 211, 212, 559.
- the form demons take in this world, 224.
Patupaiarehe
- an elf or forest dweller, 557.
- spirits of the dead, 44, 549.
- strange beings, 535.
Patupaiarehe
- ghosts or spirits, 558.
- mythical forest denizens, 545, 546, 547.
Patu paraoa: a weapon made from whale bone, 509.
Paua shell
- as decoration on a pataka, 481.
- used in rites to slay thieves, 144, 145, 146, 147, 149.
Paua shellfish
- aiding distressed seafarers, 574.
- as offspring of the Ocean Maid, 243.
Pauatere: a being representing shellfish, 318.
- aids distressed mariners, 318, 574.
Paumotu Group, a belief in nine heavens at, 66.
Pawera: a nervous, apprehensive condition, 156, 613.
Pawhakaoho: a spell, 490.
Peace, arts of
- origin of, 277.
- personified, 79, 312.
Peace making ceremony, 465.
Peka: personified form of a bat, 566.
Pekerua, offspring of (insects, lizards), 378, 381, 569.
Peketahi: a taniwha, 481-482.
Peketua
- originator of the tuatara, 263, 270.
- represents reptiles and insects, 264, 319, 461, 463, 464.
Pele: a goddess of Hawaii, 332, 351.
Pelehonuamea connected with floods, in Hawaii, 401.
Pelorus Jack, 207, 535.
Pendants, 456, 586.
Pendant way of ascending to the heavens, 272.
Penetiti, the prophet of Ruatahuna-paku-kore, 619.
Penis, and an act to nullify magic, 159-160.
Pepetaki manawa: a jingle, 411.
Persia
- guild schools of, 197.
- Ila, the serpent of, 365.
Personification, 149, 192, 194, 195, 196, 197, 199, 201, 243, 249, 328, 295, 423, 465, 593.
- enlightening as to the barbaric mind, 197, 290, 291, 292, 293.
- in Maori myth, 194, 195, 202, 290-327, 328.
- Maori penchant and genius for, 202, 290, 319, 471.
- origin and evolution of, 194, 196, 291, 292, 293, 325.
Perspiration, used as a medium in magic, 151.
Petrification, 62, 148, 161, 458, 472, 490. See also Matapou.
Phallic eel, 272, 284, 318, 363, 365, 367, 390, 398, 520. See also Tuna.
Physical life principle, 101. See also Mauri.
Pigeon
- as an omen, 599.
- Maui assumes the form of, 346.
- origin of its brown apron, 599.
Piki whenua: a conception causing act, 127.
Pine of Toka-ahuru, a folk tale, 593-594.
Pipi or cockle family
- names of, 256.
- origin of, 256, 257.
Pipi o te rangi and Pipipi o te rangi: clouds of peculiar form, 307.
Pipiri: represents winter, 591.
Pitopito: amulets to ward off sickness, 135.
Pits of death and destruction, 177, 178, 185.
Placating gods and demons, 58.
Placatory formula, 508.
Placatory rites, 410, 441, 443-444, 458, 523, 524, 525, 536, 595.page 661
Plaiting, the origin of, 236, 359.
Planets
- as omens, 177.
- personified, 293.
Pleasure, personified, 312.
Pliny, 614.
Poachers punished, 185, 186, 189.
Po: denotes darkness, 69.
Poho o Hinemoana: the breast of the Ocean Maid, 91.
Po ka wheau: the period of inclining toward light at the beginning of the world, 240.
Pokohoi: a charm causing deafness, 128.
Pollution
- and the meaning of the term tapu, 17, 18.
- of tapu, 20, 27, 28, 106, 126-127, 609, 613.
Polynesia, 18, 115, 161, 196, 213, 231, 239, 267, 302, 303, 308, 320, 328, 363, 366, 408, 415, 423, 448, 453, 454, 458, 474, 602, 618.
- belief in the underworld, 59.
- Central, 347.
- Eastern, 70, 161, 203, 231, 239, 267, 351, 367, 506, 600.
- fire walking in, 131, 132.
- Hikurangi, a favourite mountain name in, 407.
- Hina myth of, 333, 353, 364, 367, 386, 387.
- institution of rahui introduced from, 190.
- Mahuika connected with earthquakes in, 329.
- Maui myths of, 200, 331, 332, 333, 335, 347, 351, 353, 359, 363, 367, 384, 385.
- moko name known throughout, 368, 474, 475.
- mythology of, 74, 91, 120, 194, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200-201, 273, 279, 293, 301, 328, 335, 367, 390, 403, 414, 447-448, 475.
- Northern, 320.
- Rata myth of, 207, 440.
- relationship with Melanesia, 199, 200, 333.
- Southern, 363.
- spiritual concepts of, 33, 39, 40, 50, 54, 55-56, 59, 70, 91, 92, 196, 197, 331, 347, 385, 458.
- tapu in, 16, 26.
- Tawhaki myth of, 435-436.
- Tinirau known in, 259.
- Tipua of, 521.
- Tuna myth of, 367, 390.
- uruuru whenua, introduced from, 525.
- voyages from 50, 115, 203, 207, 217, 408, 506, 594.
- Western, 474.
Polynesian
- accounts of Whiro, 219.
- colonisers, 212.
- dread of lizards, 460, 600.
- folk, influence of the missionary on, 403.
- genius for personification, 293, 423.
- history, 336.
- homeland, 70, 92, 336.
- immigrants, 55, 200, 212, 456, 600.
- influence of the missionary of, 403.
- mental powers, 31, 220, 328.
- mind, 31, 220.
- myth makers, 313.
- penchant for the number twelve, 26, 35, 65.
- race, origin of, 198.
- steam oven, 132.
- story of Tawhaki and Karihi, 386.
- ten month year, 359.
- voyagers, 203, 207, 213, 217, 333, 459, 532, 533, 546, 590.
Polynesian Society, the, 12, 13.
Ponatouri folk, the, 428, 433, 435.
Ponaturi: water dwelling folk, 268, 287, 431-432, 435, 447.
Po periods of Maori cosmogenic myths, 35.
Popoia: denotes the owl, 264.
Popoia: personified form of the owl, 317, 566.
Popokorua (ant) and the Kihikihi (cicada), a fable, 576-578.
Pora and parawai: garments, 492.
Porotai, the: mythical singing beings, 550.
Posture dancing, 214, 285, 286.
Potatoes and the story of Mahu and Taewha, 143-146. See also Kumara; Sweet potato.
Po: the underworld, 63, 67, 68, 69, 70, 76, 77, 79, 88, 235, 314, 363. See also Rarohenga; Reinga; Underworld.
Po tiwha: the ten periods of chaos, 240.
Potoru: a sea rover, 532, 534, 535.
Pouakai: a man slaying demon in bird form, 511-514, 553.
Pouakai: old name for the moa, 511.
Pounamu: greenstone, 296, 526.
- myths pertaining to, 448-459.
- origin, of, 288.
- See also Poutini.
Poupaka: a sea rover, 213.
Poupou (uprights of house walls), talking, 286.
Pou rahui
- a post marking a rahui, 185, 187, 188, 189.
- boundary marks, 185, 188.
page 662
Poutama: a rite to render enemies powerless, 124.
Pou-te-aniwaniwa: a personified form of the rainbow, 307, 415.
Poutere-rangi: sacred edifice in the homeland, 92, 227, 233, 234, 235, 343, 344, 345, 380. See also Hawaiki-nui; Hawaiki-rangi.
Poutini district, 458.
Poutini: personified form of greenstone, 288, 324, 325, 448, 449, 450, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 458.
Poutiriao: guardians of the underworld, 56, 67, 235, 382.
Pou tuarongo: rear post of a house, 289.
Pouwhenua: a weapon, 442, 562.
Pre-European times, 61, 62, 102, 194.
Priest craft, 94.
Priestess, 181, 542. See also Ruahine.
Priesthoods, Christian, 618.
Priestly experts, 19, 29, 48, 66, 93, 94, 124, 173, 447.
- See also Tohunga.
Priests
- Christian, 59, 79.
- Maori, 12, 93, 371, 442, 462.
Primal beings, 273.
Primal myths, 264, 411.
Primal offspring, 111, 251, 252, 264, 275, 284, 293, 304, 309, 312, 317, 319, 320, 412, 592.
Primal Parents, 26, 34, 35, 46, 79, 96, 97, 249, 250, 284, 402, 452, 595. See also Papa; Rangi.
Procreative energy, personified, 322.
Proper names and personifications, 296.
Prophecy, European faith in, 193.
Propitiatory offering, 280.
Protective charms, 53, 105, 163, 181.
Protective magic, 105.
Protective talisman, 184.
Psychic force, 142.
Pua: a tree at the entrance to the underworld, 88.
Puaroa: a term applied to comets, 97.
Pu and More, originators of the world, 280.
Puhi: personified form of eel, 318.
Puhore: unlucky omens, 611, 612, 614, 596.
Pukana: origin of, 285.
Pukapuka, a myth at, of a woman inhabited island, 553.
Pukauae and ngutu: chin and lip tattooing, origin of, 230.
Puke atua: hills frequented by Turehu, 551.
Pukeko, how it became red headed, 366, 435, 566.
Pu korero expert, 113.
Puku (stomach): seat of the emotions, 54.
Pukutuoro: mythical water dwelling monsters, 366, 475, 520, 521.
Pumairekura: denotes volcanic activity and earthquakes, 249.
Puna i Hangarua: a dread taniwha, 518.
Punawaru: spirit voices, 41, 549.
Punaweko: personified form of land birds, 36, 221, 243, 263, 264, 274, 279, 296, 316.
Punga: a charm, 155, 358.
Punga: a rite, 157.
Punga: personified form of reptiles, 259, 260, 261, 265, 266, 270, 317, 318, 319, 428, 432, 433, 435, 445, 566.
Pungapunga
- a stone ominous of evil, 242.
- a type of greenstone, 450, 452.
Punishment of the soul after death, 58, 59, 64, 66, 77, 78, 79, 80.
Pure: a rite, 28, 29, 36, 45, 93, 94, 95, 96, 134, 339.
Pure mahunga: a rite, 28.
Pure range: a rite, 28.
Purification ceremony, 92, 95, 100.
Purification of the soul after death, the concept of, 80.
Puru-rangi: a charm to cause rain to cease, 119.
Puru rangi: a spell by which winds are weakened, 121.
Pu wananga, 110.
Puwawau: a spirit voice, 607.
Puwawea: spirit voices, 41, 549.

Queen of death, the, 230.
Queen of the Spirit World, 226.

Raemoiri: pre-Maori inhabitants of New Zealand, 515.
Rahui hakari: a commemorative post, 190.
Rahui-kura: denizens of the heavens, 93.
Rahui kuri: a herd of dogs, 426.
Rahui: method by which natural resources are preserved, 18, 25, 104, 185-190.
Rahui posts, 184, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190.
Rahuitia, 186, 189.
Rain
- myths connected with, 408.page 663
- origin of, 221, 252, 282, 408.
- personified, 261, 296, 304, 306, 309, 350, 403.
- regulators and controllers of, 252.
Rainbow
- atua of, 427.
- omens associated with, 307, 415.
- personified, 307, 399, 414, 416.
Rainbow 'gods', 414, 416.
Rainbow myths, 307, 413-417, 516.
Rainbow path for ascending to the heavens, 432.
Rain Maid, the, 116, 195, 237, 247, 272, 281, 307, 418, 419, 420. See also Hine-te-ihorangi; Ihorangi, Te.
Rakahanga and Hau, and legend of, 159, 213-215.
Rakahanga, Isle of
- Maui at, 347, 354.
- version of the Hina myth at, 388, 390.
Rakahore: personified form of rock, 155, 195, 242, 243, 245, 248, 249, 253, 255, 256, 257, 295, 309, 324, 326, 327, 350, 429, 574, 585.
Rakaiora: personified form of a lizard, 147, 270, 319, 461, 464, 600.
Rakamaomao
- a personified form of wind, 307, 308.
- originator of tapu birds, 265, 412.
Rakau: the personified form of trees, 243.
Ra kura: name for the sun, 302.
Rakura: progenitor of the sun, 241, 243.
Rangahua, represents stones generally, 324, 326.
Rangi and Papa: the Sky Parent and Earth Mother, 35, 36, 241, 243, 251, 278, 300, 307, 588, 595.
- as personifications, 196, 280.
- mating of, 278.
- offspring of, 35, 39, 45, 46, 243, 252, 277, 307, 312, 320, 344, 403, 588, 595.
- parents of, 279.
- separation of, 36, 123, 249, 255, 279, 284, 299, 399, 402.
- sons of, 304, 308, 309, 312, 316, 317.
- See also Earth Mother; Papa; Primal Parents; Sky Father.
Rangiatea Island, 204, 230.
Rangiatea: the domain of Io, 99, 100.
Rangi-haupapa: the cloak given to Mataora by Uetonga, 229, 230, 234.
Rangi: meaning of, in vernacular speech, 297.
Rangi-nui-a-Tamaku: the first heaven, 37.
Rangi nui a Tama: the heavens, 299, 398.
Rangi-nui-e-tu-nei: a term for the sky, 297.
Rangi-nui: first of the twelve heavens, 287, 349.
Rangi-nui: the sky parent, 65, 93, 94, 251, 287, 297.
Rangitamaku
- as the second of the twelve heavens, 98, 242, 265, 287, 288, 399, 432.
- as the twelfth heaven, 38.
Rangitatau: place where first house erected, 112.
Rangitaupiri Te: a guardian of the moon, 225, 393.
Rangi-te-irihia: name of the rubbing stick for the fire generating appliance of Rangi, 241.
Rangi, the Sky Parent, 66, 68, 87, 112, 118, 241, 242, 243-344, 250, 251, 252, 253, 278, 282, 297-298, 309, 315, 408, 418, 453, 469, 577, 591, 592.
- covering for the body of, 250-251, 252, 307.
- fire generating appliance of, 241, 243-244.
- represents the make sex, 82.
- tears of, 282.
- the breast of, 32, 241, 307, 399, 422.
Rangi-tikitiki: the uppermost heaven, 34, 36.
Raparoa: a taniwha, 502.
Rarataungarere, personifies fruitfulness and productiveness, 273, 274, 322.
Rarawa lore, 386.
Rarohenga: the underworld, 34, 36, 63, 67, 68, 77, 79, 84, 89, 95, 96, 99, 167, 193, 218, 226, 227, 229, 230, 231, 245, 248, 285, 295, 299, 342, 343, 344, 345, 373, 377, 380, 402. See also Po; Reinga; Underworld.
Raro, the underworld, 67, 70, 301.
Rarotonga
- and Kupe, 203, 204.
- deluge/flood myth at, 403, 404, 405.
- familiar with the New Zealand moa at 368.
- Maui at, 332, 334, 335, 384-385.
- Mount Hikurangi at, 407, 466.
- myth of fight between Tangaroa and Mokoroa-i-ata, 368.
- Pou-te-anuanua of, 415.
- Rongo myth at, 397.
- spiritual concepts at, 88, 92, 93, 98, 523.
- version of the Hina myth at, 390.
- version of the Rata myth at, 445.
- version of the Tawhaki myth at, 423, 435, 445.
Rata and Ruru, the story of, 446.
Rata: a term for European doctors, 44.
Rata: denotes second-sight, 44.
Rata, the adventures of, 121, 200, 207, page 664261, 267, 268, 295-296, 321, 326, 423, 424, 440-448, 548, 553.
Ra, the sun, 76, 244, 301, 302, 311, 359.
Ra-tuoi: a personified form of the sun, 243.
Raukawa (Cook Strait), 160, 216, 511.
- superstitions related to the crossing of 541-544.
Raukawa moana: Cook Strait, 514.
Raukura: the fire generating appliance of Rangi, 241.
Raukura: wife of Maui, 366.
Raumati and Hau-tupatu, and the burning of the Arawa vessel, 167.
Rau rakau, an offering of, 528.
Rauroha: the domain of Io, 96, 99.
Rauru: the originator of the gourd plant, 274.
Rawaho and Tamarau, sons of Hape, 590.
Raw-eaters, mythical folk, 208, 217, 226, 230, 248, 512, 514, 552, 553.
Raweka: denotes to bewitch, 180.
Raweka, 140.
Recitals, 35, 52, 73, 103, 108, 270, 273, 441, 565. See also Charms; Formulae; Incantations; Karakia; Spells.
Recititation for children, 411.
Red appearance of the sky, the origin of, 250.
Red heartwood of trees, origin of, 364, 366.
Red ochre, 90, 190, 230, 288, 559.
- dreaded by the Tahurangi folk, 554, 556, 559.
- origin of, 284.
Red paint, 19, 190. See also Red ochre.
Red road of Tane, 92.
Red sun path, 808.
Red west road: path to the homeland, 101, 467.
Rehia: denotes pleasure, amusements, 293.
Rehia: personified form of the joy of life, 294.
Rehua, 223, 268, 271, 310, 311, 322, 398, 563.
- as attendant of Io, 34, 35, 36, 37, 39, 223, 225, 226.
- as originator of fish and birds, 259, 265.
- as the star Antares, 310.
- represents forests, 320, 361.
- represents summer heat, 276, 310, 320.
Reinga raerua: departing place of spirits, 70.
Reinga, the underworld, 42, 66, 67, 68, 70, 71, 72, 76, 77, 78, 79, 83, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 381, 427, 589.
- See also Po; Rarohenga; Underworld.
Reinga vaerua: departing place of spirits, in Mangaia, 88.
Religion, 10, 109.
Religious
- beliefs, 192, 196.
- faith, 79.
- formulae, 114.
- nature of man, 193.
- ritual, 290.
Reptiles
- origin of, 259, 317-318, 321, 433, 476.
- represented by Tane-irawaru, 222.
- See also Lizards; Punga; Taniwha.
Rerenga-Wairua: Spirits Leap, 85, 86, 87.
Restorative ceremony, 105, 434.
Restorative magic, 135.
Resurrection, 33, 41, 59, 61, 66.
Revenge. See Avenging.
Revolting Food, a taniwha known as, 499.
Reward and punishment after death, 58, 59, 64, 77, 78, 79, 80. See also Good and Bad.
Right and left, omens and superstitions connected with, 596-598, 605, 606, 610. See also Left.
Right and Wrong, 114.
Right hand in magic acts, 165, 452.
Right shoulder in magic acts, 596.
Right side of a doorway and magic acts, 174.
Rikoriko: demons, 71.
Rimu (seaweed), at the Rerenga wairua, 87.
Rimu series of names pertaining to the kinds of seaweed, 256.
Ripa: an act averting an evil omen, 180.
Rites
- associated with mauri, 47, 49.
- associated with war, 609.
- defensive, 177.
- divinatory, 164, 594, 595, 607, 615, 616.
- hoa, 164.
- honouring the gods, 52.
- lustral, 29.
- magic, 53, 169, 177, 179.
- mortuary, 590.
- of white magic, 104.
- over a house, 288.
- over a sick patient, 123.
- over a war party, 596.
- over food presents, 609.
- placatory, 441, 536.
- place of, 52, 97, 303, 443, 536.
- purificatory, 95.
- religious, 23.
- restorative, 434.
- sacred, 427.page 665
- to accompany the exhumation of bones, 119.
- to acquire a woman, 576.
- to afflict a person, 169-170.
- to banish spirits of the dead, 60.
- to cause a slayers spirit to appear, 124.
- to cause thunder, 118.
- to destroy wairua, 177, 180.
- tohi, 617.
- to impart or remove tapu, 28. See also Pure.
- to nullify revenge activities, 131.
- to plug up the sources of winds, 120.
- to procure freedom from ill luck, 613.
- to stop winds, 120.
- to weaken the powers of man or atua, 126.
- use of adzes in, 459.
- See also Ceremonial; Ceremonies.
Ritual, 12, 95, 109, 183, 222, 543, 562.
- of the cult of Io, 197.
- most tapu, 93.
- to impart tapu, 19.
- See also Ceremonial; Ceremonies; Rites.
Ritual experts, 116. See also Tohunga.
Riverman of Whanganui, a story, 585.
Rivers
- crossed on the descent to the underworld, 85, 87.
- racing and wandering habits, tales of, 583-585.
- taniwha inhabited, 474, 481, 482, 499, 501, 502-503, 504, 505, 506, 507, 516, 519, 585.
- under rahui, 189.
Rock
- personified, 243, 253, 324-327, 449.
- persons transformed into, 216, 458.
- tapu, 479, 506.
- See also Rakahore; Stone.
Rohe: a controller of the underworld, 72, 74, 334, 337, 362-363.
- in Moriori myth, 64, 73.
Rona: a guardian of the moon, 35, 225, 324, 386, 387, 388, 389, 390.
- and the Moon, 392-395.
- conserver of the number twelve, 35.
- controller of the tides, 387, 392.
- regulator of the months and Po periods, 35.
- the originator of insults and abuse, 285, 392.
Rongo: denotes peace, 277.
Rongo-Hina-moon connection, 397.
Rongoiamo, 415.
Rongokako, 472.
Rongomaipapa and the taniwha Ngar-ara-huarau, 491-492.
Rongomai: personified form of meteors, 75, 116, 285, 304, 335, 396, 398, 415, 578, 589.
Rongomai-tahanui: a personified form of whales, 318, 404, 408.
Rongomai-tuwaho: a personified form of space, 301.
Rongo-mai-wahine, 127.
Rongo: male personified form of the moon, 303, 344, 367, 387, 389, 390, 397, 398, 517, 593.
- obtains the sweet potato from Whanui, 319, 577.
- personifies peace, 79, 276, 277, 303, 312.
- represents agriculture, 303.
- represents fertility, 387.
- represents the sweet potato, 303, 593.
Rongo-maraeroa: the originator of fruits, 275, 276, 335.
- introduced the art of house building, 288.
Rongo-marae-roa: a term for the ocean in marae, 303.
Rongo-ma-Tane, 127, 246, 272, 397.
Rongomaui: originator of the kumara and Taro plants, 271, 275, 319, 335, 399, 578.
Rongo-motu: the moon, 389, 435.
Rongo-nui, 389, 397.
Roria: denotes, to be baffled, 106.
Rotoma, the lost isle of, 484-485.
Roto tuna or Roto kakahi (lagoons or lakes), the mauri of, 49.
Rotu: a fragrant substance obtained by Tama from the underworld, 238.
Rotu charms, 115, 116, 121, 154.
Rotu moana charm, 116.
Rotu spells, 116, 125.
Rua and Tangaroa, and the origin of wood carving, 285-287.
Rua: a pit, 177, 566.
Rua brethren: the personified forms of knowledge, 259.
Rua haeroa: the practice of destroying the wairua of enemies, 177, 178.
Ruahine: priestess, 29, 181, 541.
Rua iti: the practice of destroying the wairua of enemies, 177, 178.
Ruakipouri: the abode of Meru/Miru, 76.
Rua koha hills possessing mana, 466.
Ru a Mahutonga: an earthquake, 250.
Ruamahutonga, the plug of, pulled by Maui, 283.
Ruamano and Araiteuru: taniwha who assist distressed seafarers, 395.
Ruamano and Tiki-raupo, the story of, 508-510.
Ruamano: a taniwha. 508.
Rua ngana: the practice of destroying the wairua of enemies, 177.page 666
Ruanuku: wizards, 121.
Rue, personifies knowledge, 286.
Ruarangi and the Tahurangi, the story of, 554-559.
Rua series of names, pertaining to the personified form of knowledge, 313.
Rua series of names pertaining to sickness and disease, 314-315.
Rua-tapunui, the New Messiah, 194.
Ruatapu, the story of, 404, 405, 406, 407.
Ruatoia and Ruakumea: beings of the underworld, 63, 76.
Rua torino: the practice of destroying the wairua of enemies, 172, 174, 177, 178.
Rua tupo: the practice of destroying the wairua of enemies, 177.
Ruamoko: personified form of earthquakes and volcanic activity, 64 226, 243, 245, 248, 249, 250, 278, 284, 295, 315, 323, 349.
Ruawharo and Tupai, 150, 158, 548.
Rukutia and Tu-te-koropanga, the story of, 237-239.
Runga: the upperworld, 300-301.
Rupe: personified form of the pigeon, 316, 361, 375, 533.
Ruru: an ominous movement of the arms, 604.
Ruruhi-kerepo: blind old woman, fable of, 580-581.
Ruruhi: old dame, 581.
Ruru (the owl), connected with makutu, 164.

Sacerodotal
- lore, 197.
- uses of terms, 26, 69, 96.
Sacred
- fires, 95, 541.
- house, 95, 289.
- places, 23, 52, 98, 132, 134, 153, 177, 262, 303, 371, 528.
- rites, 427.
- the term, in relation to tapu 15-16, 17, 30.
Sacrifice, 317.
- human, 40, 141.
Sacrilege, 22.
Saliva used as a medium in magic, 151, 434.
Samoa
- accounts of native life at, lacking, 202.
- La'amaomao name for the rainbow at, 308, 412.
- Mafuie as the conserver of fire at, 247.
- Maui myths at, 247, 376.
- relationship of myth to Melanesia, 199.
- spiritual concepts of, 33, 55, 70, 88.
- story of Rata known at, 447.
- Tawhaki myth at, 435.
- tipua at, 521, 523.
- version of Hina myth at 388, 390.
Sandfly and the Mosquito, a fable, 578-580.
Sandfly folk, 578-579.
Sand Maid: a personification, 292, 295, 325, 574.
Sandstone
- enemy of greenstone, 326, 452, 454, 455.
- personified, 423, 424.
- varieties of, 242.
Sandstone Folk, 450, 453.
Sandstone Maid, 325, 327, 444, 450, 454, 526.
Sandwich Islands, the uruura whenua custom at, 525.
Satan, 65, 409, 463.
Savage
- belief, 61.
- craft, 175.
- See also Barbaric man.
Sayings, 92, 103, 107, 179, 245, 262, 263, 276, 284, 319, 351, 386, 393, 409, 452, 461, 573, 578, 588, 600, 615.
Scholars, 137, 138, 140, 141. See also Magicians; Warlocks; Wizards.
School of magic, 114, 138.
Schools of learning, 10, 26, 29, 39, 74, 223, 225, 374, 428, 596. See also Whare Maire; Whare Wananga.
Seal caught with hook and line, a fable, 570.
Sea Maid, 255.
Sea of Kiwa, 17.
Sea rovers, 52, 200, 207, 213, 217, 330, 532, 533. See also Voyagers.
Seasons
- cause of, 253, 284.
- personified, 310-311.
Sea strollers, 333, 477. See also Voyagers.
Seaweed
- covering the entrance to the underworld, 85, 86, 87, 90.
- names of the different kinds, 255.
Second sight, power of, 33, 552, 559.
Seers, 43, 51, 106, 115, 190, 191, 522, 547, 559, 603.
- See also Matakite; Matatuhi.
Semitic countries, guild schools in, 197.
Sexual intercourse, first act of, 365, 390-391.
Sexual organs, powers pertaining to, 159.
Shadow. See Ata.page 667
Shaman, 122, 175, 177, 612.
Shamanistic juggler, 142, 168. See also Tohunga.
Sharks
- defeated by Hineone, a fable, 575.
- origin of, 260, 261, 433.
- personified, 318.
Shellfish
- as a love messenger, a fable, 575-576.
- assisting mariners, 118, 318, 574.
- origin of, 255-257.
- personified, 243, 318.
Shell, musical, 575.
Shell necklace, 576.
Shell trumpet tipua, 575.
Shimmering Heat: a personification, 557.
Siam, belief indwelling spirits in trees at, 443.
Shrines, 47.
Sickness
- causes, 23, 24, 28, 29, 106, 108, 111, 170, 173-174, 222, 224, 314, 462, 618, 621, 622.
- omens and superstitions associated with, 122, 618.
- origin of, 279.
- personified, 62, 123, 149, 291, 313-315.
- preventatives and treatment of, 122-123, 135, 170, 173-174, 261, 618, 621.
- tapu of, 23, 24.
- See also Disease.
Signs, 89, 189.
- ominous, 595, 596, 605, 608, 616, 618.
Sin. See Hara.
Sina: name for Hina in the Pacific, 331, 389, 391, 435.
Singing
- pieces of body, 585.
- shell, 575.
- spirits and mythical beings, 41, 44, 91, 547, 549, 550, 607, 622.
- tipua logs, 531, 550.
- when travelling at night, 40, 58.
- See also Spirit voices.
Sky and earth, 39, 66, 279, 280.
Sky and Earth, the primal parents, 26, 35, 46, 97, 243, 248, 253, 278, 293, 297, 299, 453. See also Earth Mother; Papa; Rangi; Sky Parent.
Sky Father, 34, 93, 96, 112, 297-298, 469, 595. See also Rangi; Sky Parent.
Sky Parent, the, 34, 38, 82, 196, 241, 244, 250, 252, 264, 282, 373, 418.
Sky world, 57, 62, 66, 81, 112.
Slaves, 19, 66, 67, 106, 138, 141, 162, 169, 213, 404, 455, 540.
Sleep
- omens associated with, 601-606, 608.
- terms applied to aspects of, 603, 604.
- the wairua during, 44, 180.
- See also Dreams.
Sleeping out, a prohibition concerning, 430.
Sneezing, the significance of, 84, 619.
Snow, 410.
origin of, 241, 283, 305, 306.
Snow Children, 283.
Social customs and beliefs of Maori, 10.
Social government of Maoriland, 15.
Social status, 20.
Social system of the Maori, 107.
Society Group
- Aifa'arua'i a monster of, 498.
- belief in twelve heavens at, 66.
- Maui at, 359.
- meaning, of ihoiho and iho at, 55.
- Melanesian origin of the myths of, 199.
- native life at, not well recorded, 202.
Song of Kihikihi, the cicada, 577.
Song of the Cuckoo, 564.
Song of the Mosquito folk; 579.
Songs, 71, 86, 87, 88-89, 91, 99, 101, 160, 180, 184, 205, 207, 228, 245-246, 264, 293, 294, 295, 317, 326, 327, 346, 351, 379, 383, 469, 470, 534-535, 536, 550-551, 554, 556, 557, 560, 563, 568, 585, 606.
- fire extinguishing, 547.
- of a musical shell, 575.
- of a tipua log, 531.
Sorcerers, 49, 103, 109, 174, 175, 521.
See also Magician; Warlock; Wizard.
Sorcery, 171. See also Black magic; Magic; Makutu; Witchcraft.
South Africa and ceremonial copulation, 615.
Soul
- apparitional, 54.
- ethereal, 101.
- extinction of, 71, 72, 74, 89.
- origin of the concept of, 33.
- purified, 80, 81.
- resurrection of, 59.
- terms denoting, 46, 54, 55, 174.
- the concept of, 31-34, 39-40, 41, 46, 54.
Soul moth, 71.
Souls of enemies influenced by magic, 172, 173.
Souls of the dead, 59, 62.
- captured and destroyed by Rohe, 72, 73.
- dwelling in the upper spirit world, 81, 99.
- final abode of, 71.
- Hine-nui-te-Po and Whiro vie for, 62-64, 79.
- in spirit land, material view of, 41.page 668
- passage to the spiritworld, 41, 58, 63, 73, 74, 81, 82, 83, 85, 87, 88, 91, 92, 97, 380.
- punishment of, the concept of, 80.
- recovered from the spirit world, 74-75.
Soul, Universal, in Nature, 40, 80, 192.
Space personified.
See Watea.
Spear of Kupe, 207.
Spears
- barbed, origin of, 354, 355, 356, 357.
- made effective weapons by charms, 165, 166.
- used in bewitching paths, 155, 156.
Speech
- animals and inanimate objects endowed with, 192, 212.
- origin of, 280, 588-589.
- possessed by carvings, 286-287, 592.
- possessed by forest trees, 582.
Spells, 89, 105, 126, 131, 136, 140, 142, 147, 148, 149, 150, 152, 153, 159, 167, 170, 173, 183, 238, 405, 432, 468, 490.
- against tresspassers and poachers, 153.
- avenging, 130, 172, 173, 184.
- blasting, 147.
- connected with food, 106, 161, 162.
- counter-, 156.
- destroying confidence, 128, 156.
- destructive, 138, 158.
- directed against the mind, 125.
- directed at travellers, 183.
- empowered by the gods, 104, 141, 151, 181.
- evil, 162.
- faith in efficiency of, 122.
- fatal belief in, 140.
- hau taken by, 151.
- long distance, 124-125, 140, 150, 161, 164, 167.
- mana weakening, 131.
- mediums for, 106, 112, 143, 149, 151, 152, 153, 157, 158, 159, 172, 173, 174, 181. See also Ohonga.
- noxious, 173.
- nullified, 160, 183.
- of Hine, to destroy Maui, 158, 159, 378, 379, 381, 382.
- recoiling, 105, 140, 160, 162.
- rendered by learners of magic, 138, 140, 141, 143, 147-148.
- rendered effective by mana, 138, 140.
- slaying, 167.
- to afflict with leprosy, 122.
- to avert the effects of magic acts, 177, 181, 182.
- to bewitch paths, 153, 154, 155-156.
- to blunt weapons, 173.
- to capture and destroy wairua, 105, 173, 174, 177-178.
- to destroy a wizard, 173-174.
- to dispose of a neighbour, 184.
- to establish a rahui, 186-187.
- to expel offenders, 128.
- to make invisible, 127.
- to paralyse and petrify, 160.
- to prevent conception, 126.
- to punish thieves, 149, 159, 175.
- to render doorways dangerous, 158.
- to strengthen, 164.
- to transform into stone, 143, 160.
- to unnerve, 116, 128, 156.
- to weaken, 125.
- See also Charms; Formulae; Karakia; Magic.
Spider folk fashion canoe for Rata, 548.
Spiders
- names for the various types, 270.
- origin of, 270.
Spiders take a woman into the sky, a fable, 580-581.
Spiders web, means by which beings ascend to the heavens, 96, 427.
Spirit gods, 34, 47, 104, 223, 226.
Spirit house, 93, 96, 98, 99. See also Hawaiki-nui; Hawaiki-rangi; Whare-kura.
Spirit of the earth, 524.
Spirits, 60, 89, 521, 549, 558, 621, 622.
- ancestral, 43, 44, 48, 55, 62, 80, 84, 87.
- apparitional, 39, 42, 46. See also Kehua.
- as benefactors, 43-44.
- ascension to the heavens, 61, 80.
- cloud-, 67.
- contest between, 225.
- cooked, 76, 172.
- departing places of, 88.
- distribution among the regions of the underworld, 71-72.
- evil, 24, 47, 55, 71, 76, 78, 226, 460.
- indwelling, 39, 47, 79, 443, 521.
- located in material mauri, 47, 48.
- made to appear by magic, 41, 170, 172, 174-175, 182.
- malevolent, 46, 225.
- methods to capture, 75, 173, 177, 178, 400.
- methods to destroy, 43, 172, 173, 174, 177, 178, 180, 182.
- of commoners, 34.
- of the dead, 32, 34, 40, 41, 43, 44, 46, 56-62, 67, 73, 77, 78, 82, 84, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 95, 96, 97, 98, 100, 229, 230, 380, 394, 427, 549, 609, 621, 622.
- passage to the spiritworld, 32, 41, 43, 56, 66, 68, 69-71, 73, 78, 82-101.
- re-entering the body, 75, 84, 87, 182.
- resting place for, 529.
- return to Hawaiki, 69-70.
- singing, 41, 44, 91, 547, 549, 607, 622.
- page 669
- tapu, 43.
- termed atua, 43.
- tipua as, 521, 522, 523.
- underworld destroyers of, 63, 73, 76, 78, 88.
- underworld saviour of, 63.
- visiting this world, 61.
- See also Ghosts; Kehua; ParangeKi;
- Soul; Wairua.
Spirit's Leap, 85.
Spirt, the
- during sleep, 44.
- the concept of, 32-34, 39, 41-42, 46, 47, 51, 54, 56, 61, 64-65, 78, 100, 175. See also Soul;Wairua.
- the origin of, 45-46.
Spiritual concepts, 10, 31, 32, 41, 55.
- of Polynesia. See Polynesia.
Spiritual life after death, 80.
Spiritual nature of man, 31-32, 45, 101.
Spirit voices, 41, 549, 607.
Spirit world, 57-101, 108, 155, 176, 230, 231, 236, 283, 532.
- ancestor worship connected with, 61.
- celestial, 87.
- in the heavens, 81.
- life in, 57-58, 79.
- Maori attitude towards, 77
- Maori's confused and vague ideas concerning, 58, 78.
- of the Egyptians, 58, 59, 89
- passing of the spirit to, 32, 41, 43, 82, 86, 91, 92, 98.
- starting place of, 68.
- subterranean, 35, 41.
- the concept of, 57, 60, 62, 79, 101.
- the existence of, 61.
- two realms of, 57, 58, 59, 62, 64-65, 66, 67, 79-81, 82, 100.
- See also Heavens; Lowerworld; Rarohenga; Reinga; Underworld; Upperworld.
Spittle, used in a rite of black magic, 170. See also Expectoration.
Spring, personified, 311, 564.
Star Children, 281, 289, 320.
Stars, 222, 259, 271, 277, 283, 288, 301, 310, 320, 408.
Sterility, produced by magic, 126.
Stone
- breaking by magic, 141, 148.
- ominous, 242.
- origin of, 221, 242-243.
- personified, 242, 243, 324-327, 453.
- persons turned into, 133, 143, 148, 160, 161, 168, 327, 472, 593. See also Matapou spells.
- swallowing ordeals, 147, 149.
Stone adzes, 19, 100, 116, 183, 295, 413, 440, 444, 448, 537.
Stone age culture, 101.
Stone anchors for Kupe's canoe, 204.
Stone canoes, 407, 591.
Stone image representing the, 'god' of agriculture, 153.
Stones
- as boundary marks, 153, 157.
- as mediums in magic acts, 167, 170, 184.
- bewitched, 153, 157.
- female, 468.
- serving as a pou rahui, 189.
- tapu, 149, 157, 158, 177, 280, 453. See also Whatu.
- tipua, 525, 526, 527.
Stone tools and implements, 10, 444, 447, 454.
Storehouses, 10.
Storm dispelling and raising magic, 116-117, 121, 125.
Streams
- as places where ceremonies performed, 163, 169, 170, 182.
- being rahuitia, 189.
- maun of, 49.
Summer heat, personified, 310, 320, 337-338.
Summer Maid, the, 238, 239, 244, 266, 310, 311. See also Hine-raumati.
Summer, personified, 222, 311.
Sun, 59, 73, 76, 82, 85, 97, 101, 241, 243, 244, 277, 282, 301-302, 311, 377, 393, 408, 528.
- arresting acts, 109, 121, 122, 357.
- as the origin of fire, 244.
- -comet myth, 244.
- myths, 333, 347, 385.
- origin of, 222, 243.
- personified, 76, 91, 301-302, 359.
- setting, 65, 70, 88, 91, 92, 96, 182.
snared by Maui, 337, 357-359.
- versus Moon contention, a folk tale, 591.
Sun god, 59, 63. See also Ra.
Supernatural
- and the natural, 103, 110.
- beings, 93, 94, 97.
- powers, 94.
Supernormal beings, 133, 205, 208, 220, 582.
Superstition, 169, 522.
Superstitions, 122, 291. 541, 542, 594-622.
Superstitious
- beliefs, 27, 192.
- fears, 164, 175, 508.
- folk, 171.
- observances, 135.
Suppressive ceremonial, 121.
Supreme Being, the, 26, 30, 34, 40, 45, 53, 65, 66, 80, 95, 97, 99, 100, 137, page 670161, 193, 201, 225, 285, 293, 374, 402. See also Io.
Supreme Deity, 329.
Survey Department, 549.
Survivals, cultural, 16, 202.
Swamp Maid, 327.
Swamps, personified, 327.
Sweet potato, 18, 71, 144, 153, 181, 319.
- introduced to Aotearoa, 415.
- mauri of, 50, 590.
- origin of, 272, 275, 285, 319, 335.
- Pani as the mother of, 319, 335, 593.
- personified, 319, 593.
- pests of, 190, 319, 577-578.
- purloined from Whanui, 285, 319, 335, 578.
- superstitions associated with the cultivation of, 614.
Sweet potato children, 319, 335.
Symbolic acts, 29, 116, 128, 142, 173, 177, 412, 413.
Symbolic carvings, 461.
Symbols, 104, 289, 397, 417. See also Tohu.
Sympathetic magic, 48, 106, 383, 523, 597.

Taboo, 16, 18, 21.
Taewha. See Mahu and Taewha.
Tahakura
- a stone ominous of evil, 242.
- a visitation by a spirit at night, 416.
Taha mate: the left side, 596.
Taha noa: the common or left side of man, 596.
Taha ora: the right side, 596.
Tahekeroa: path to the underworld, 34, 68, 92, 94, 95, 96, 99, 100, 218, 295, 343, 345, 373, 378, 380.
Tahi, Te (Tahi-o-te-rangi): the maroon of White Island, 62, 477-480, 482.
Tahiti
- ceremonial copulation at 615.
- Hina myth at, 353, 387, 388.
- Hina-Tuna myth at, 367, 391.
- Mahui'e as the guardian of fire at, 247, 329.
- Maui myths at, 329, 332, 359, 376.
- Mt. Hikurangi at, 407, 466.
- Rongo at, 303.
- spiritual concepts of, 39-40, 54, 55, 82, 523.
- the Earth Mother at, 300.
- version of the Tawhaki myth at, 435.
Tahua, 183.
- denoting a plaza or open expanse, 300.
Tahu: a blasting spell, 147.
Tahumaero: a personified form of sickness and disease, 149. 313.
Tahumaikinui: a personified form of sickness and disease, 149.
Tahu-makaka-nui: personified form of the west wind, 94, 307, 308, 315, 411.
Tahu-makaka-rangi: personified form of the north wind, 411.
Tahu-makamaka-nui: personified form of the west wind, 411, 413.
Tahumawake-nui: the personified form of the east wind, 94, 308, 315, 411, 413.
Tahu names, pertaining to personified forms of disease, 149, 314, 315.
Tahu-parawera-nui: the south wind, 117.
Tahu, personifications whose names commence with, 149.
Tahu: personified form of food, feasts and peace, 275, 312.
Tahurangi: a gleaming appearance of the heavens, 303.
Tahurangi: mythical forest folk, 208, 211, 546, 549, 554-556. See also Heketoro; Korakorako; Patupae-arehe; Turehu.
Tahurangi, the fire, of 468.
Tahu-rawhiti-roa: a personified form of the east wind, 411, 413.
Tahu ruahine: the left or female side, 596.
Tahu (Tahumakaka) and Tupai, 280.
Taiaha: a weapon, 209, 442, 443, 562, 592.
Taiao: this upperworld, 62, 381.
Taikawa: denotes a latrine, 163.
Taiki: the sin of polluting tapu, 126.
Tainui folk, 484, 530-531, 567.
Tai o Ruatapu: a deluge, 403, 404, 405, 406, 407.
Tai o Uenuku: a deluge, 405.
Tairi-a-kohu: a personified form of mist, 306, 399, 418.
Taiwhetuki: the abode of Whiro (evil, black magic, death), 62, 63, 75, 98, 108, 112, 166, 289.
Takaafu Island, a Hina tale from, 500.
Takahi mana: act of belittling prestige, 157.
Takanga o te ra: the season of the winter solstice, or changing of the sun, 97.
Takapau: a charm nullifying evil influences, 134, 181.
Takapau: a rite to weaken the powers of man or atua, 126.
Takaraho, the lost child of, a folk tale, 582.
Takatua: a guardian of the underworld, 67.
Takaurunga: a guardian of the underworld, 67.page 671
Takerewai: a personified form of clouds, 306.
Takiri: ominous movements of the body, 604, 605, 606.
Takiritane: a form of sandstone, 454.
Takitimu tribes, 75, 87, 98, 110, 113, 114, 116, 118, 129, 137, 139, 225, 252, 254, 260, 263, 264, 283, 288, 306, 318, 345, 353, 361, 379, 382, 393, 394, 395, 396, 413, 422, 432, 456, 459, 460, 548, 594.
Takitimu vessel, 116, 118, 395, 396, 413, 517, 548, 574, 594.
Takotako, father of Tawhaki, slain by the Ponaturi, 424, 425. See also Hema.
Takoto: a unit of measurement, 513.
Takuahi (fire pits), at the entrances to Hawaiki-rangi, 95.
Talisman, 47, 48, 49, 50, 138, 153, 183, 289. See also Mauri; Whatu.
Talismanic stone, 53, 138.
Talismanic symbol, 93.
Tama: as used in a peculiar way in expressions, 319.
Tama a Upokoroa: a term for fire, 304.
Tamaika, a food cadger, the story of, 587-588.
Tamaiwaho a denizen of the heavens, 116, 299, 396, 398, 399, 400, 416, 426, 430, 432, 434, 435, 460.
- and the wife of Toi, 100, 400.
- an ogre dwelling on Mt. Hikurangi, 536.
Tamakai-moana clan of Tuhoe, 119.
Tama-kaimoana people, 422.
Tamaki: ominous movements or sensations of the body, 596, 605.
Tama-ngarara: a kind of lizard, 319.
Tama-nui-te-ra: personified form of the sun, 251, 282, 302, 358, 359, 418.
Tamarau: a roving god, 399, 400.
- personified form of meteors, 304.
Tamarau the flying man, 478, 590.
Tamariki kwnara: the sweet potato children, 319.
Tama (Tama-ahua), 213.
- searches for greenstone, 133, 239, 326, 455-459.
Tama (Tama-nuira-rangi) and Rukutia, 237-239.
Tamatane side: the right side of man, 596.
Tamatea, 161, 401, 416-417.
Tama-te-uira: a male personified form of lightining, 281, 304, 307, 421, 422.
Tama, the ogre of Hikurangi, 485, 536, 590.
Tamawahine: the left or female side, 596.
Tama-whiti-te-ra: honorific term for the sun, 311.
Tamoatia: denotes pollution of tapu, 28, 47, 166, 555, 613.
Tamoe spells, 116, 124, 125, 131.
Tane, 37, 39, 45, 46, 62, 75, 76, 93, 95, 98, 137, 166, 202, 240, 241, 243, 244, 246, 251, 253, 254, 255, 260, 263, 264, 268, 275-276, 278, 282, 284, 285, 288, 289, 295, 297, 298, 301, 302, 303, 304, 307, 309, 311, 312, 314, 315, 323, 326, 377, 378, 379, 384, 388, 389, 391, 393, 397, 399, 403, 411, 412, 422, 443, 444, 453, 460, 461, 462, 463, 476, 619.
- and Rehua, 36, 37, 265, 268, 310, 320.
- and The Dawn Maid, 63, 64, 193.
- and the first woman, 53, 56, 619.
- and the origin of houses, 288.
- arranges the heavens, 37-39.
- ascends to the heavens, 36, 37, 97, 99, 249, 264, 284, 320, 412.
- Broad Path of, 68, 84, 92, 100, 101, 230, 314.
- Broad way of, 230.
- connected with forests and trees, 363, 273, 274, 276, 297, 302, 320, 321.
- forest of, 273, 316, 440, 441, 571.
- names for, 26, 36, 37, 220-223, 301-302, 314, 321.
- originator of birds, 263, 364, 266, 267, 273, 274, 297.
- personified form of the sun, 73, 91, 221, 301-302, 311.
- Red road of, 92.
- searches for the female element, 266, 271, 278.
- separates Rangi and Papa, 279, 282.
- the Fertilizer, 271-272, 273, 302.
- the Parent, 243.
- the sun god, 63, 64, 68, 91.
- -Whiro contention, 68, 76, 79, 108, 112, 224, 225, 226, 241, 267, 302, 329.
Tane: denotes a male man, 226.
- Tane-hurumanu: originator of sea birds, 221, 297.
- Tane-i-te-kapua: originator of clouds, 250.
Tane-i-te-rere: personified form of birds in general, 316.
Tane-i-te-wao: personified form of the forest, 301, 302, 321.
Tane-i-te-whaka piripiri: represents houses, 327.
Tane-mahuta: personified form of trees and forest, 263, 271, 301, 302, 321, 577.
Tane-mataahi: personified form of birds in general, 263, 301, 302, 316.
Tane-matau: a personified form of thunder, 305.page 672
Tane-matua: Tane the Parent, 221, 243, 254, 264, 269, 302, 382, 393.
Tane-nui-a-Rangi, 45, 94, 221, 223, 224, 225, 254, 263, 373.
Tane-punaweko: originator of forest birds, 221, 297.
Tane-te-hokahoka: personified form of small birds, 263, 264, 276, 316, 317.
Tane-te-ihorangi: originator of lightning, 37, 221, 281.
Tane-te-kapua: originator of clouds, 221.
Tane-te-maiki-rangi: originator of death, sickness and disease, 222, 314.
Tane-te-waiora: personified form of sunlight, 301, 302, 331.
- represents human welfare, 221.
Tane-te-waotu: personified form of trees and forest, 221, 271, 272, 301, 302, 321.
Tangaroa, 73, 75, 76, 93, 95, 113, 243, 258, 259, 266, 269, 279, 287, 288, 289, 300, 303, 313, 318, 325, 333, 334, 386, 388, 389, 390, 395, 414, 432, 435, 448, 454, 517, 548, 563, 569, 572, 573.
- and Maui 332, 333, 334, 335, 337, 353, 363, 367-368.
- and Tane fight, 275-276.
- and Te Mokoroaiata, 337, 367-368.
- and Te Parata, 254, 318, 375, 401.
- and the house Taiwhetuki, 98, 112, 288, 289.
- and Tinirau, 259, 261, 313, 360.
- and Whiro, 112, 113.
- lord of fire, 352, 353.
- offspring of, 259, 261, 269, 270, 316, 325, 332, 333, 334, 347.
- originator of birds and insects, 266.
- represents fish, 259, 317, 426.
Tangaroa-a-roto, 392.
Tanga roa: deep breathing, 375.
Tangaroa-i-te-rupetu, 334.
Tangaroa, people of (a sea folk), 286, 287, 548.
Tangaroa-whakamau-tai: guardians of the ocean, 252.
Tangata kino: an evil person, 80.
Tangata matiro hai: a food cadger, 588.
Tangi29, 606.
- ominous prickling of twitching of the nose, 596, 606.
Tangi tawhiti: a class of song, 184.
Tangotango: personified form of the Milky Way, 253, 281, 290, 428, 432.
- regulator of night and day, 281.
Tanifa: a western Polynesian shark name, 474.
Taniko embroidery, 234, 285.
Taniwha: mythical water monsters, 62, 365, 368, 444, 466, 472, 473-521, 525, 531, 536, 552, 570, 583, 585, 590.
- assisting mariners at sea, 118, 396, 476, 477, 508, 509.
- dwelling places of, 474.
- killed by fire, 473, 488, 494, 496, 497, 500, 501.
- man-eating/slaying, 365, 368, 473, 474, 474, 490, 491, 498, 501, 504, 505, 508, 512, 518.
- origin of, 269, 475, 476.
- punishing theft, 518.
- punish transgressions of tapu, 474, 476, 480, 481, 493, 502, 508-509, 511.
- stories, origin of, 474-475, 501.
- taking human wives, 487, 488, 493, 495, 497, 499, 500, 501.
- the scales of, 488, 491, 492, 499.
- villages submerged by, 485, 486, 487.
Tapeka: personified form of subterranean fire, 308, 351.
Tapu, 12, 15-30.
- adherence to, 65, 80.
- adzes, 116, 183, 537.
- and blood, 25, 26-27, 28.
- and civil law, 15, 17, 18.
- and cutting hair, 23, 417, 480.
- and death, 18, 23, 24, 25.
- and food, 20, 21, 22, 23, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 43, 127, 162, 180, 190, 480, 481, 493, 555, 609, 613.
- and mana, 15, 17, 18, 19, 107, 117.
- and maun, 47-48, 49.
- and noa, 19, 28, 47, 596.
- and the female sex, 28, 181, 608.
- and the head, 20, 23.
- and woman, 18, 27, 29, 181, 421, 493, 614.
- associated with sickness, 23, 24, 28.
- basket (kete), 173.
- birds, 265, 412, 535, 536, 544.
- bones, of Muri-rangawhenua, 342.
- Canoe, 480.
- Ceremonies, 485.
- Class of men, 139.
- Comb, 404.
- edifice of Hawaiki-nui, 92-98, 100, 345, 380.
- fires, 20, 29, 39, 53, 124, 173, 179, 180, 188, 258, 298, 598.
- fish, 600.
- forest folk, 547, 549, 554, 555.
- forests, 25, 28.
- formula, 395.
- garments, 571.
- house of learning, 149, 279-280.
- houses, 21, 22, 24, 29, 145, 146, 171, 262, 393, 481, 622.
- in relation to the terms holy and sacred, 15-16, 17, 18, 30.
- laws, 543.
- lifting, 16, 27, 28, 29, 147, 166, 181, page 673184, 441, 447, 482, 541, 597, 598, 614-615, 622.
- lore, 137.
- mountains, 94, 95, 280, 465, 466, 468, 474, 527, 607.
- objects, 16, 19.
- of forests, 48, 280.
- of Nga Whatu (the Brothers Islets of Cook Strait), 206, 541-544.
- of the gods, 17, 18, 39, 47, 221, 596, 614.
- persons, 19, 20, 23, 24, 25, 127, 162, 404, 421, 480, 508, 554, 590, 596, 608, 609.
- pertaining to tattooing, 26, 596.
- pillow, 425.
- places, 18, 19, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 40, 52, 94, 95, 127, 153, 157, 171, 172, 183, 206, 211, 379, 380, 396, 407, 417, 443, 447, 464, 481, 493, 502, 511, 528, 529, 536, 541-544, 551, 554, 555.
- relationship to tipua, 409, 527-528, 529, 536, 537.
- rendered effective by the gods, 15, 20-21, 107, 181, 188.
- rendering, 19, 28, 158, 166, 181, 186, 542, 544, 481.
- rocks, 479, 506.
- roof, 406.
- segregating, 615.
- spirits, 43.
- steaming pit, 215.
- steam oven, 130.
- stones, 149, 157, 158, 177, 280, 453.
- See also Whatu.
- sun, 393.
- teaching of, 137, 560.
- vessel, 597.
- violation and disregard of, 16, 20, 24, 27, 28, 106, 108, 126, 127, 133, 181, 198, 280, 305, 379, 404, 406, 458, 464, 474, 476, 480, 481, 486, 493, 511, 528, 530, 535, 541-543, 551, 609, 613.
- violation of, punished by taniwha, 474, 476, 480, 481, 493, 502, 508-509, 511.
- wallet, 173.
- weapons, 166.
- wood of Tane, 444.
Tapu-nui-a-uta and the deluge, 402 403.
Tapu-te-ranga: site of the first house in the world, 98.
Tapuwae charm, 120, 134, 135, 165.
Tara, eponymic ancestor of the Ngai-
Tara tribe, 514.
Taranaki as a foreign land, 239.
Taranaki folk, 104, 113, 153, 157, 163, 173, 182, 243, 251, 420.
Taranga-kahutai, 452.
Taranga, Mother of Maui, 246, 247, 317, 333, 334, 335, 337, 338, 339, 340, 241, 343, 344, 352, 353, 355, 356, 362, 375, 376, 384, 385, 599.
- visits the underworld with Maui, 341-347, 348.
Tara puremu: the tail of the phallic eel, 379.
Tarerarera or kopere: a spear, 455.
Taro, 61, 71, 83, 130, 131, 335, 424, 428.
- origin of, 275.
Tamtam o Turn: a term of grey hairs, 219.
Tatai whetu: a formula, 411.
Tatau o Rangiriri: the first house, 288.
Tatau o te po: entrance to the underworld, 69, 74, 75, 76, 113.
Tattooing
- acquired from the underworld, 227-231, 233-234 236, 237, 239-240, 548.
- See also Mataora.
- and Maui, 361.
- a tapu person, 596.
- practised in the underworld, 41, 57, 77, 226, 227-228.
- patterns, names of, 230.
Tau-a-Porirua: a taniwha, 515-516.
Tauira-ka-rapa: a personified form of greenstone, 242, 325.
Taumako Isle, ata denotes soul at, 33.
Taumata atua: abiding places of gods, 50.
Taumata i Haumu: resting place for spirits on their way to the underworld, 86.
Taumata spell, 86, 124-125, 131, 164.
Taunga atua: abiding places of protective spirit gods, 47.
Taupa, 413.
- charms, 134, 181.
- spell, to prevent conception, 126.
Taupo natives, 122, 296, 611.
Tauranga folk, 129, 130.
Taururangi: a name assigned to Tane, 37.
Tava: the final abyss of Rarotonga, 88.
Tawaha aruhe: a place where fern roots obtained, 189.
Tawa mutu: the final abyss, 88.
Tawaronui: a mythical being connected with volcanic activity and earthquakes, 323.
Tawhaitari: a mythical bird, 298.
Tawhaitiri (or Tawhaitari): a spirit catcher of the underworld, 70, 298.
Tawhaki, 243, 261, 268, 305, 307, 330, 355, 395, 421, 437, 440, 445, 446, 566.
- ascends to the heavens, 96, 97, 257, 265, 277, 399, 423-36, 566. See also Karihi.page 674
- connected with lightning, 305, 423, 428 432, 434, 435, 437, 439, 440.
Tawhanga: the hollow in the back of men, the origin of, 340.
Tawhirimatea: personified form of wind, 115, 116, 221, 241, 243, 251, 252, 282, 283, 307, 308, 339, 350, 372, 398, 402, 403, 411, 412, 592.
Tawhito: genitals, 598.
- of Hine-nui-te-Po, 112, 383.
Tea: a personified form of earth worms, 320.
Teka: a dart, 346, 374.
Teka: game of, 133.
Teka tipua: a magic dart, 133, 134, 135.
Te Kooti, 176-177, 619.
Tekoteko: an image, 286.
Temple, at Maungapohatu, 194.
Terehu: fairy folk, 420.
Tests applied to learners of magic, 138, 140-143, 148, 164, 167, 177, 462.
Thaumaturgics, 111, 128, 173, 176, 558.
Thaumaturgists, 107.
Theft
- punished-by magic, 104, 174.
- the first act of, 285.
Theogonic myths, 192.
Theosis, 81.
Theosophists, 42.
Thunder
- and magic, 118, 143, 147.
- personified forms of, 118, 305.
Thunder Maid, the, 399, 420, 422, 563.
Tides, originators of, 254, 255, 375, 387, 392, 393, 401, 477.
Tihi-o-Manono, 437, 438, 439.
Tihi-o-manono: mountain on which Hawaiki-nui is situated, 93, 95, 112, 283.
Ti'iti'i (Tikitiki): the Samoan introducer of fire, 352.
Tiki-auaha: progenitor of man, 263.
Tiki-kapakapa: personified form of birds in general, 316. Originator of fish, 263.
Tiki: neck pendent, 289, 397, 453.
Tiki-nui, Tiki-roa etc., expressions used by Tane when uttering a charm over his ure, 37, 240.
Tiki: penis, 391.
Tiki: progenitor of man, 200, 240, 241, 242, 284, 353, 364, 365, 388, 390, 397.
- and the origin of evil, 284.
- personified form of procreative energy, 322, 391.
- personified form of the phallus, 365.
- the first man, 322, 390.
Tikitiki: a name for Maui, 332, 335, 340, 344, 352, 355, 356, 362, 369, 370, 372, 376.
Tikitiki: garment, 337, 338.
Tikitiki-o-rangi: the uppermost heaven, 36.
Tiki-tohua: begetter of birds, 263.
Tikopea
- miti denotes dream at, 602.
- ora denotes spirit and ghost at, 56.
Time, Maori division of, 10.
Tinaku: meaning of, 300.
Tini of Hakuturi: forest folk, 548.
Tini o Matangi-nui and Tini o Mataruwai: winds of vast ocean spaces, 412.
Tini o Pohena and Tini o Potahi: followers of Whiro, 63.
Tini o Poto: the sandfly folk, 381.
Tini o Puhiata: aids of Hine-nui-te-Po, 63.
Tini o te Hakuturi: mythical forest dwellers, 224, 267, 297, 346, 383, 437, 447, 548, 553.
Tini o te Mahoihoi: mythical forest dwellers, 55, 267, 346, 383, 548.
Tini o te Manahua, 424, 425, 426.
Tini o te Pararakau: forest folk* 444, 446.
Tini o te Petipeti: forest folk, 444.
Tini o te Ponauwe: insect hordes, 268.
Tinirau and Kae, and the origin of cannibalism, 276.
Tinirau: represents fish, 184, 258, 259, 313, 317-318, 360, 361, 362, 388, 450, 453.
Tino: a boulder viewed as, 455.
Tino toa: a courageous man, 615.
Tioroa: a personified form of winter, 311.
Tipi a Houmea: destructive spells, 138, 166, 167.
Tipi spells, 166, 167.
tipua: creatures and objects possessing strange powers, 122, 269, 472, 473, 476, 477, 507, 508, 521-537, 550, 552, 575, 608.
- birds, 532, 533, 534.
- dogs, 531, 532, 536.
- fire, 528.
- logs, 183, 528-529, 530, 531, 550.
- rocks and stones, 62, 408, 475, 505, 525, 526, 527, 531.
- trees, 62, 408, 475.
Tiraha: meaning of, 299.
Tira maka: a company of wairua, 43, 60, 549.
Tiranga: meaning of, 299.
Tira ora: a rite, 182.
Tiratu: a rite to counteract makutu, 174, 182
Tira: wand, 124, 174, 182.
Tiritiri-o-matangi: a name of a dart, 133, 134, 135.page 675
Tiritiri-o-matangi: the uppermost heaven, 34, 36, 37.
Tiritiri o te moana: the far spread ocean solitudes, 252.
Titi autahi: a stake used in magic rite, 150.
Titikura: a ritual, 166.
Titi names pertaining to personifications of the wind, 287, 307, 308.
Tiwha act, 142.
Tohi ora, 404, 405.
Tohi rite: 342, 389, 425, 580-581, 617.
Tohi taua: a rite, 596.
Tohora: a whale personification, 318.
Tohu: a sign, 189, 595, 618.
Tohu makutu: a token of an act of makutu, 156.
Tohu mate: an ill omen, 595, 596.
Tohunga mdkutu, 105.
Tohunga maori, 110.
Tohunga: priestly experts, 24, 48, 49, 53, 80, 105, 108, 109, 115, 116, 117 120, 123, 128, 136, 137, 140, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 178, 179, 181, 182, 188, 298, 408, 412, 462, 476, 590, 609, 612.
Tohunga ruanuku, 105, 140, 142.
Tohunga shaman, 597.
Tohunga waiwhaia, 105.
Tohu ora: a good omen, 595.
Toi, 213, 400, 423, 442, 532.
Toi folk, 466.
Toihau and Kukia, return from the underworld, 87.
Toi huarewa: path to the heavens, 94, 96, 97, 99, 380, 424.
Toi o nga rangi: the uppermost heaven, 57, 62, 96.
Toiora: denotes spiritual life and welfare, 56.
Toi path to the heavens, 428.
Toirangi, death of, 382.
Toka-ahuru, the lone pine of, a tale, 593-594.
Toka: sea standing rocks, 429.
Toka whakau or kamaka whakau: a rock where the whakau ceremony is performed, 527.
Tokelau Group, fire myths at, 247.
Toko: a word denoting the four winds, 295, 315.
Toko ora: a rite, 182.
Tokorima a Maui: the Fire Children, 245.
Toko (supports) of the heavens, 37-39, 295, 315.
Tokotoko: a formulae to banish undersirable winds, 120-121.
Tomarau, the flying man, 40.
Toma tupapaku: place where exhumed bones are deposited, 474.
Tonga, 537.
- a superstition concerning the rainbow at, 611.
- belief concerning the cry of the owl at, 599.
- Maui at, 331, 335, 347, 368, 376.
- Mofuike denotes an earthquake at, 247.
- the Hina myth at, 388, 392.
Tonganui, 375.
Tonga-nui, fame of tattooing spread to, 230.
Tools, stone, 444, 447, 454.
Toothache
- cause of, 620.
- cure for, 464, 619-620.
Torohuka: a progenitor of insects, 267.
Toro-i-waho: originator of smaller insects and reptiles, 319, 321.
Toronga: a form of caterpillar, 319.
Toro teka: dart throwing contest, 134.
Totara, origin of popping when burinig, 591-592.
Totem, 461.
Trance, 85, 87.
Transmigration, 40, 61, 62, 475, 477, 482, 486, 507.
Treachery, the first act of, 277.
Tree blasting, 142, 147, 150.
Tree
- as the seed of fire for man, 349, 350.
- origin of, 221, 271-274, 320, 441.
- personified, 271, 292, 321.
- red heartwood of, the origin of, 364, 366.
- re-erection of, 440-448, 514, 548, 553.
- speaking, 582.
- weapons, fashioned from, 321, 443, 593.
Tribal aphorisms, 465.
Tribal gods, 414.
Tribal mountains, 465.
Tribal taniwha, 507.
Tua baptismal rite, 339, 426.
Tuahiwi: a water ridge in mid-ocean, 254.
Tuahoanga, represents sandstone, 242, 324, 325.
Tuahu: place where rites are performed, 97, 132, 134, 147, 152, 177, 182, 183, 477.
Tuaimu: a charm, 125.
Tua i te rangi: a charm to cause rain to cease, 119.
Tuamatua: personified form of rock, stones and sand, 242, 254, 255, 256, 269, 323, 325, 326, 327.
Tuamotu Island Group
- Hina myth at, 388, 390.
- iho means spirit at, 55.page 676
- mahoi denotes man's immortal element at, 55.
- Rona at, 390, 395.
- the Earth Mother at, 299-300.
- veke denotes crime at, 207.
- version of the Rata story at, 446, 447.
- version of the Tawhaki myth at, 435.
Tuapa ceremony, 612-613.
Tuapa: spell to prevent conception, 126.
Tuapiko: spirit catcher in the underworld, 70, 298.
Tuarangaranga: forbear of taniwha and tipua, 269.
Tuarangaranga: meaning of, 299.
Tuaro: fairies, 466.
Tuaropaki of the Ocean Maid, 116.
Tuatara: a lizard, 236, 355, 485.
- as an article of food, 179, 460, 461-462, 569.
- eaten by learners of magic as an ordeal, 149.
- eaten in ceremonial performances, 462.
- origin of, 263, 270, 460, 461, 463, 488, 491.
Tuatara and the Kumukumu, a fable, 569-570.
Tuatara and the shark, a fable, 568-569.
Tuata spell, 147, 148.
Tuaumu i te rangi: an act depriving the weather of power, 121.
Tuauriuri: denotes dark, sullen depths, 301.
Tuawhiorangi: a personified form of the rainbow, 307.
Tuhi mode of tattooing, 227.
Tuhirangi (Pelorus Jack), 207.
Tuhirangi: personified form of atmospheric phenomena, 307, 610.
Tuhoe district, 26, 139, 616.
Tuhoe folk, 10, 51, 87, 103, 107, 110, 114, 116, 119, 127, 131, 141, 152, 153, 155, 159, 167, 172, 176, 178, 181, 183, 184, 186, 189, 263, 264, 267, 294, 298, 304, 306, 316, 335, 336, 339, 367, 383, 394, 424, 435, 436, 460, 465, 469, 470-471, 475, 477, 478, 519, 520 550, 552, 592, 596, 617, 618-619.
Tuhoeland, annals of, 176.
Tuhoe-potiki: eponymic ancestor of the Tuhoe tribe, 478.
Tuhua: obsidian, 451.
Tuhua: represents obsidian, 453, 454, 455.
Tu-ka-nguka: a god connected with war, 605.
Tukapua: a personified form of clouds, 251, 304, 306, 307.
Tu-ka-riri: a god connected with war, 605.
Tukorako: a personified form of the rainbow, 307.
Tuku charm, repeated over the dead, 82, 83.
Tuku-rangi: a charm, 119.
Tuku wairua: a soul despatching charm, 41, 82, 83.
Tumania: a spell, 490.
Tumatakaka: guardian of the lightning folk, 281.
Tumatapongia: a spell to cause a person to become invisible, 127, 128.
Tumatauenga, 69, 76, 147, 373, 442, 593.
Tumatawarea: a spell to cause a person to become invisible, 127.
Tuna-moka: a taniwha, 367.
Tuna: oridnary name for eel, 261, 364.
Tuna: personified form of eel, 272, 318, 327, 335, 379, 385, 390, 391, 568.
- and the discovery of sexual intercourse, 365, 390-391.
- -Maui-Hina, 364-367, 391.
- the phallic eel, 272, 318, 364, 365, 367, 390, 520.
Tuna-roa, 366.
Tuna tuoro: a mythical creature, 520.
Tunga: a grub, causing toothache, 296, 620.
Tunui-a-te-ika: a god, 116, 609.
Tuoro: a form of taniwha, 475, 519-521.
Tupaheke: a spell, 490.
Tupai: a personified form of lightning, 98, 150, 158, 280, 289, 304-305, 393, 422, 548.
Tupaoe chant, 607.
Tupe charms and spells for weakening or calming, 121, 125, 206.
Tupua: vanant form of tipua, 521, 523.
Tupuna: ancestor, grandparent, 523.
Tupuna whenua ceremony 523, 524.
Tupu: the meaning of, 523.
Tuputupu
- a Maori ceremony, 523, 526, 527.
- denotes wandering spirits, at Rarotonga, 523.
Tapu tupua: Tahitian equivalent of Tupua, 523.
Turanga people, 309.
Tura the voyager, 248, 553.
Turehu: mythical forest folk, 209, 211, 224, 225, 226, 227, 232, 262, 472, 473, 507, 545, 546, 547, 548, 549, 551, 554, 556, 557, 590.
Turehu: spirits of the dead, 44.
Ture pakeha: white man's laws, 610.
Tu: represents man, 580, 593.page 677
Turiuku: an incantation to reinforce a kapu, 187-188.
Tu: the war god, 76, 127, 288, 302, 312, 619.
Tutaekoka: the black marks in greenstone, 455.
Tutae-poroporo: a taniwha, 503-505.
Tutakangahua: a name for the south wind, 119.
Tutauni and koukomatua: two greenstone adzes, 459.
Tutelary beings, 195, 219-290, 260, 293, 296, 303, 316, 321, 426, 517.
- of dogs, 320, 362.
- of fish, 259.
- of forests, 321.
- of pleasure, games, amusements, music, 312.
- of women, 289, 303, 386.
Tu-te-wanawana and Tu-te-wehiwehi: progenitors of lizards and insects, 319.
Tutumaiao: mythical coast-haunting creatures, 550, 551.
Tuturi-whekoi and Tuturi-wheikoiko: mythical coast-haunting creatures, 550.
Twelve (number)
- Polynesian predilection for, 26, 35-36, 65, 225.
tapu pertaining to, 26.
Twins, 587, 617.

Ua-nganga: a personified form of rain and hail, 403.
Ua-nui: a personified form of rain, 350, 403.
Ua-roa: a personified form of rain, 350, 403.
Ua-whatua: a personified form of rain and hail, 403.
Uenuku: personified form of the rainbow, 147, 148, 399, 404, 405, 406, 407, 408, 414, 416, 417, 420, 427, 517.
- and the Mist Maid, 400, 401, 416, 417-21, 558, 559, 810.
Uenuku-rangi: the rainbow god, 116, 399, 416, 417.
Uenuku-titi, 417.
Uenuku-wharekuta, 417.
Ue spell, 128.
Uetonga and Mataora, 77, 227, 228, 229, 233, 234.
Ueue spells, 128.
Uhane, 54, 55.
Uhiara: a personified aspect of rain, 296.
Umbilical cord, 55, 84.
- omens and superstitions associated with, 616, 617.
- tapu place where deposited, 380.
Umu: denotes a steam oven, 130, 132, 173.
Umu hiki spells, 128.
Umu kaha: rite endowing artisans with energy etc., 132.
Umu parapara: a magic act avenging a defeat, 172.
Umu pongipongi: a method of makutu, 178.
Umu puru rangi: a magic rite, 120.
Umu spells, 173.
Umu tamoe spells, 125.
Umu ti: ceremonial fire walking, 131.
Umu whaihanga: a rite pertaining to artisans, 132.
Underworld
- 44, 56, 57-82, 85, 86, 89, 91, 99, 113, 168, 224, 225, 238, 241, 249, 264, 295, 352, 383, 397, 545, 548, 558, 585.
- and the passage of the sun, 59, 74, 91-92 358 397
- as a realm of light, 69, 77, 86, 87, 229.
- Conditions in, 57-58, 61, 67, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 76, 77, 79, 81, 89, 227, 231, 381.
- Controllers of, 63, 64, 73, 74-75, 76, 363.
- descent to, 34, 68, 69, 79, 82, 85, 87, 88, 89, 91-92, 95, 96, 98-99, 218, 231, 234, 315, 378, 380-381.
- divisions of, 66-67, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 237.
- entrance to, 68, 69, 88, 230, 234, 249, 380.
- guardians of the entrance to, 67, 75, 227, 229, 234.
- Hine-nui-te-Po (Dawn Maid) of, 62-63, 64, 112, 193, 377-378.
- location of, 65, 66.
- Mataora visits, 77, 81, 91, 226, 237, 240 285
- Maui'descends to, 336, 341-348, 599.
- names for, 67-68, 69, 70, 301.
- Polynesian concept of, 59.
- See also Lowerworld; Rarohenga; Reinga; Spiritworld.
Union Island Group
- a Maui myth of, 376.
- Hina of, 388, 391, 500.
Universal soul in Nature, 40, 80, 192.
Universe, the origin of, 193-194.
Upokoiri: pre-Maori inhabitants of New Zealand, 515, 516.
Upoko-poito fight, the story of, 178-179.
Upokoroa: personified form of comets, 244, 245, 304, 309.page 678
Upper spirit world, 67, 68, 74, 81, 91, 94, 427. See also Heavens; Spiritworld.
Upperworld, this, 63, 64, 70, 75, 76, 77, 81, 84, 87, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 239, 249, 300, 352, 363, 378, 384, 385, 545.
Ure (penis), 292.
- and the origin of the sweet potato, 335.
- magic powers associated with, 159.
- rendered virile by a charm, 37.
Urewera clan of Tuhoe, 119.
Uri: denotes offspring, descendant, 266.
Urinal, a place where rites performed, 410. See also Latrine.
Urine, a weapon used by taniwha to destroy men, 491, 492.
Uruao: denizens of the heavens, 93.
Uru-kahikahika, Te: originator of eels, 257, 272.
Urukaraerae wind, 119, 130, 412.
Urekehu: a light-skinned strain of Maori, 546, 547.
Uru-te-ngangana: a controller of the underworld, 63.
Uruuru
- class of rock, 527.
- place, 528.
Uruuru tau basket, contained the art of black magic, 140.
Uruuru tipu basket, of dread powers, 146.
Uruuru whenua
- a charm, 524.
- a rite, 184, 410, 523, 525, 527, 529.
- as tipua objects, 409, 523, 527, 528.
Uvea Island
- detached itself from Tonga, a belief at, 376.
- Mafuike represents earthquakes at, 247.
- meaning of ata at, 33.

Vega, the star. See Whanui.
Veke: the meaning of, 207.
Vengeance, 407, 447, 509. See also Avenging.
Venus, eyes of Niwareka compared to, 236.
Vessel
- Aotea, 506.
- Arawa, 50, 115-116, 167, 254.
- Matatua, 125.
- of Kupe, 204, 207.
- See also Canoe.
- of Manaia, 117.
- of Mataora, 235, 236, 237.
- of Maui, 235, 375.
- of Ngake, 204.
- of Popoto, 213.
- of Potoru, 207, 532, 534-535.
- of Rata, 121, 261, 440, 445, 447. See also Canoe.
- of Tama, 238.
- of Toroa, 443.
- Takitimu, 116, 118, 395, 396, 413, 517, 548, 574, 594.
- See also Canoe.
Vessels, 24, 129, 214-215, 216, 408, 454, 456, 543, 544, 589, 601.
- ahua (semblance) of, 52, 93, 447.
- European, 21, 125, 537.
- guides and guardians of, 118, 261, 395, 397, 506, 508, 517, 574.
- magic associated with, 52, 116, 117, 118, 121, 125, 160, 166, 179, 216, 261, 395, 413, 447.
- mauri of, 50.
- names of, 129, 204, 213, 216, 235, 236, 237, 447, 456, 457, 532.
- See also Canoe.
Victory over enemies, the hau of, 52.
Village latrine, place of magic, 114, 128, 137, 150, 162-163, 447, 620. See also Latrine.
Villages, 17, 22, 24, 27, 104, 144, 154, 183, 189, 505.
- fortified, 120, 127-128, 145, 168-169, 215, 487, 519, 569, 597, 598, 605.
- material mauri of, 46.
- names of, 127, 143, 168, 224, 486, 519, 569.
- sacred place of, 23, 52.
- spells launched at, 124-125, 164.
- submerged, 485, 486, 487.
Village, taniwha guardian of, 502.
- Vine medium in a magic trap, 154.
Vivification, 53, 75, 263, 270, 313, 619.
Volcanic Maid, 249, 323.
Volcanic phenomena
- beings connected with, 64, 249, 250, 323, 336, 373, 376, 402, 468. See also Ruamoko; Whakaruamoko.
- Caused by taniwha, 508.
- origin of, 63, 129, 244, 248, 249, 250.
- personified, 63, 249, 295, 299, 308, 323.
Volcanic stone, origin of, 242.
Voyagers, 248, 318, 447, 546.
- assistance given to, 396, 412, 415. See also Vessels.
- European, 19, 39, 40, 54, 123, 156, 473.
- Hikiparoa, 248.
- Hua and Whiro, 219.
- Kupe, 203, 204, 205, 206, 459.
- Maui, 330.
- Ngahue, 459.
- Polynesian. See Polynesian voyagers.
- Rata, 200, 207, 261, 321, 445.page 679
- Taneatua, 527.
- Tura, 217.
- Whiro, 219.
Voyages, 10, 118, 207, 231, 398, 491, 552.
- rites associated with, 52, 93-94, 447, 543, 546.

Wahaiki: a club, 573.
Wahanga or whakangawhatanga acts of black magic, 140.
Waha o te Parata (the mouth of Parata), a whirlpool, 218-219, 254.
Wahieroa, represents comets, 268, 423, 446.
Wahine marae, 103.
Wahu o te kanihi, 218.
Waiapu: chert, 451.
Waiapu district, folk of, 397.
Waiapu, represents chert, 454, 455.
Waihokimai and Waiotioti: hills at which the spirit stops on the way to Reinga, 85.
Waihuri: a ceremony to counteract makutu, 182.
Waikato and Rangitaiki rivers race to the sea, a folk tale, 583-584.
Waimarie: a lucky sign, 594, 595.
Wainui-atea: personified form of the ocean, 299, 309, 410.
Wainui
- personified form of the ocean, 253, 259, 261, 262, 280, 299, 309, 401, 410, 583.
- personified form of water, 309.
Wai ora a Tane, 219, 394.
Waiora-a-Tane (life giving waters), 384, 385, 387, 391.
- a river crossed to reach the underworld, 71, 87.
Waiora: denotes the welfare of things, 302.
Wai o Tanepi: last drink before death, 82.
Wai rakau: medicines, 618.
Wairarapa folk, 615.
Wairoa folk, 107, 213, 306, 465.
Wairua atua: a name for butterflies, 43.
Wairua: spirit, 32-34, 40-45, 46, 48, 49, 56, 65, 74, 77, 82, 87, 89, 96, 98, 100, 105, 226, 383, 400, 507, 608, 621, 622.
- absent from the body while dreaming etc., 33, 42, 44, 83-84, 180, 182, 602.
- apparitional aspect of, 32, 42.
- aria of, 34, 40.
- as protective of the body, 44, 47, 60, 180, 602.
- destruction of, by black magic, 33, 41, 43, 163, 172, 173, 177, 178, 180, 182-183.
- made to appear by magic acts, 124, 169.
- material representation of, 34, 40, 177, 178, 523.
- See also Aria.
- origin of, 40, 45, 53.
- passing to the spirit world, 42, 60, 65, 73, 74, 77, 82, 83, 89, 96, 98.
- refined to the awe, condition, 100.
- relationship to kehua, 42, 522.
- relationship to the hau. 51.
- relationship to the mauri, 46, 47, 48, 100, 101.
- relationship to the term ata, 33, 34, 163, 164, 174.
- See also Soul; Spirit.
Wairua tangata: human spirits, 60, 71, 76, 547, 549, 622.
Wai tapu: tapu waters where rites performed, 124, 173, 182, 189.
Waitokorau: a rite to counteract makutu, 174, 182.
Waitotara Maoris, 131.
Waiwaia: a supernatural object, 530-531.
Wananga, 171.
Wand, ceremonial, 124, 174, 188, 191, 485.
War, 76, 77, 135, 142, 414, 496, 562, 587, 593.
- omens associated with, 596, 600, 605, 609-611, 617.
- origin of, 276.
- personified, 312.
Waraki: a name for Europeans, 550.
War dance, 610.
War god, 76, 127, 596, 605, 619.
Warlocks, 44, 52, 106, 107, 113, 114, 117, 119, 129, 130, 136, 137, 140, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 158, 162, 163, 164, 170, 171, 173, 175, 176, 177, 180, 184, 185, 383, 413, 489, 521, 526. See also Magician; Matakite; Tohunga; Wizards.
Waro (pit) to destroy those who commit kairamua, 185.
Waro rahui: a rahui backed by makutu, 185, 186, 187, 189.
Watea: personified form of space, 39, 193, 253, 255, 301, 310, 418, 419, 420, 422.
Water
- controllers and regulators of, 222, 236, 252.
- monsters. See Taniwha.
- myths connected with, 408.
- origin of, 401.
- personified, 309, 401. See also Para-whenuamea.page 680
- the drinking of, by a tapu person, 22.
- used in cleansing rites, 29.
Weapons, 129, 173, 209, 226, 443. 587. 609.
- charms associated with, 125, 165, 166, 173.
- fashioned from timber, 321, 443, 593.
- origin of, 442-443.
Weather, beliefs and superstitions related to, 408-411.
Weaving
- acquired from the underworld, 226, 231, 236, 548.
- source of, 285.
- superstitions associated with, 617, 618.
Weeds of Tura: an expression for grey hairs, 219.
Wehe
- soul despatching ceremony, 82, 83.
- soul despatching charm, 41.
Wero names, personify forms of cold, 310.
Wero ngerengere: spell to afflict with leprosy, 122.
Whaea: mother or aunt, 433.
Whai: charms to cure wounds, 123.
Whaitiri: a personified form of thunder, 305, 306, 350, 399, 401, 420, 421, 423, 424, 425, 426, 428, 429, 430, 433, 434, 436, 440, 449.
Whaitiri-matakataka: a personified form of thunder, 305, 563.
Whaitiri-pakapaka: personified form of thunder unaccompanied by rain, 118, 305.
Whai-tiri-takataka, 436.
Whaitiri-whakapaparoa-kai, the food banisher, 421.
Whai wera: a life restoring charm, 424.
Whaiwhaia: black magic, 102, 168.
Whakaahu: personified form of summer, 311, 591.
Whakaaru hau: magic wind raising act, 119.
Whakaau (tokens), 90.
Whakaeke: a charm, 82.
Whakaeo: a charm to suppress, weaken or calm, 121, 125, 511. See also Rotu.
Whakaepa class of formula, 280.
Whakaha: ceremony to transfer knowledge, 110, 149.
Whakahaehae: an apparitional wairua of a dead person, 42, 58, 608, 622. See also Kehua.
Whakahekae,
- a demon foiling method, 111.
- a soul despatching charm, 82.
Whakahere a propitiatory offering, 280.
Whakahokitu: protective incantations, 182.
Whakaiho: rite to weaken the powers of man or atua, 126.
Whakaingo: a tapu expression, 29.
Whakaingoingo: denotes *to sob', 29.
Whakairo (adornment): branches of, 228.
Whakamania: an ominous utterance, 111.
Whakamatiti: spells for punishing thieves, 175.
Whakamaui, 331, 383.
Whakangau a rite, 138.
Whakangehengehe: a magic act to weaken persons, 125.
Whakangungu: protective incantations, 182.
Whakanoa: act of lifting a tapu, 28.
Whakaoho: to startle or rouse, 187, 376.
Whaka-pahunu: a charm to awaken a person's conscience, 104.
Whakapa: spell to prevent conception, 126.
Whakaruaki, Te: a lizard monster, 497.
Whakaruaumoko: cause of earthquakes and volcanic disturbances. 224, 236, 237, 241, 249, 252, 254, 373, 402.
Whakatara, 170.
Whakatau, the story of 436-440.
Whakau
- ceremony, 527.
- Charms, 184.
Whaka umu: a method of makutu, 178.
Whakauru: a charm repeated by travellers, 524.
Whakautuutu: a rite to avert impending calamity, 179, 180.
Whale
- form of taniwha, 475, 491, 519.
- origin of, 260.
- personified, 318, 404.
- tame, 453.
Whales, assisting mariners, 118, 261, 477, 478, 479.
Whanau akaaka: a generic term for reptiles and insects, 297, 319.
Whanau a Peketua: lizards and insects, 319.
Whanau a Torohuka: insects, 267.
Whanau atua,: a supernatural company, 283.
Whanau kapua: the Cloud Children, 413.
Whanau marama: the light giving family, 82, 297.
Whanau puhi: the Wind Children, 264, 297.
Whangai act, 523.
Whangai hau: a ceremony, 51, 52, 609.
Whangai tipua: an act of placating a tipua, 522, 523, 525, 527.page 681
Whanganui folk, 401, 462, 506, 523, 554, 585.
Whanganui River, taniwha myths associated with, 502-506, 585.
Whanui (the star Vega), 285, 319, 335, 577.
Wharangi rau angiangi: the barrier between life and death, 61.
Whare: house, 137, 171.
Whare kohanga, 10, 27.
Wharekura: spirit house in the homeland, 84, 92, 98, 112, 287, 288, 289, 317.
Whare maire: school of black magic, 98, 112, 114, 136, 137, 138, 139, 141, 147.
Whare makutu: a house for teaching black magic, 137.
Whare-matangi, the story of 133-135.
Whare o aitua: the earth, 81, 112, 279.
Whare o te ora: the sky world, 81, 112.
Whare porukuruku: a mode of teaching, 139.
Whare-potae: the house of mourning, 238.
Whare rehia: the house of games and pastimes, 341.
Whare takiura: a system of teaching, 114, 139.
Whare wananga: school of learning, 26, 96, 114, 137, 138, 190, 280, 336, 434.
Whata puaroa: a tapu place, 153.
Whatianga: cubit, 513.
Whatuaho, represents obsidian and greywacke, 242, 324, 325, 450-451.
Whatu: a material mauri, 48, 138, 149, 153, 177, 186, 187, 287, 289.
Whatu kai manawa: name of a tapu stone, 177.
Whatu kairangi: a tapu stone, 149.
Whatukura: a chief of the greenstone people, 450.
Whatu kura a Tangaroa, 166.
Whatukura: denizens of the heavens, 93, 94, 97, 99, 268, 313, 320, 382.
Whatukura: denotes highly prized or tapu stones, 453.
Whatukura, represents stone, 325.
Whatukura: stone ominous of evil, 242.
Whatu puororangi: name of a tapu stone, 177.
Whatu-tongarerewa: personified form of some stones, 325.
Wheawheau: a fighting charm, 116.
Wheke a Muturangi and Kupe, the story of, 203-207, 436, 541, 544.
Wheke names, of the various kinds of octopus, 258.
Wheke of Muturangi, 452.
Whenua (afterbirth) in conception causing acts, 127, 616.
Wherikoriko: personifies the nebulous conditions of primeval time, 280.
Whirlwind, ordinary names for, 96.
Whirlwind path to the heavens, 84, 96, 97.
Whiro and Tura, sea rovers, 200, 217-219.
Whironui: a famous stone adze, 116, 295.
Whiro: personified form of evil, darkness and death, 62-63, 64, 65, 66, 69, 72, 75, 76, 78, 79, 80, 101, 108, 112, 113, 179, 223, 224, 225, 241, 249, 272, 278, 279, 284, 289, 304, 314, 363, 373, 378, 384, 389, 399, 418, 460.
- Tane battles with, 68, 79, 112, 223-224, 225, 264, 267, 302, 329, 412.
Whiro-te-tipua, 98, 144-145, 289, 373.
Whiro-tipua-te-manatu, 224.
Whistling, Maori dislike of, 42.
White magic, 104, 105-106, 108, 115-136, 164, 214, 217, 409, 522, 548, 576.
- devoted to love messages, 575.
- in relation to makutu, 102, 115.
- mediums employed in, 124, 151, 153.
- practitioners of, 108.
- See also Black magic; Magic; Makutu.
White race (pre-Maori), a theory concerning, 546.
Whiti: an act averting an evil omen, 180.
Whiti: a personified form of earthworms, 320.
Whitemore's raid on Ruatahuna, 532.
Wind
- myths, 411-413.
- origin of, 241, 282, 411.
- personified, 115, 116, 149, 241, 308, 411.
- raising and laying, magic acts of, 115, 116, 117, 119, 120, 121, 130, 133, 191, 412.
Wind calabash, the, 120, 412, 413.
Wind Cave, 413.
Wind Children, 97, 218, 264, 265, 279, 282, 283, 287, 298, 306, 308, 338, 411, 412, 413.
Wind family, 240.
Wind Folk, 299, 339, 411, 437.
Winds
- as omens, 617.
- controller of, 221.
- Maui's connection with, 354.
- raised by magic, names of, 117, 119-120.
- the four, 38, 94, 98, 130, 282, 295, 315, 411.
- tribal, 119.
Winter Child, 321.
Winter Maid, the, 244, 266, 311.
Winter, personified, 311.page 682
Witchcraft, 105, 107, 161, 162, 171, 174, 177, 181.
- See also Black magic; Makutu.
Witches, persecution of, 103.
Witch-hunting, 107.
Wives
- superstitions associated with, 600, 601, 614, 615.
- who wasted food, 540, 571.
Wizardry, 51, 109, 114, 122, 139, 140, 167, 171, 558.
- See also Black magic; Makutu.
Wizards, 104, 106, 107, 114, 121, 130, 139, 140, 141, 142, 151, 153, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 173, 181, 182, 521. See also Magicians; Matakite; Tohunga;Warlocks.
Woman in the moon. (Rona), 388, 392.
Woman, the first, 53, 56, 329, 365, 390, 619. See also Hine-ahuone.
Woman, the, who ate her child's heart, a folktale, 581-582.
Woman, the, who was taken to the sky by spiders, 580-581.
Women
- and love charms, 159.
- and tapu, 18, 27, 29, 181, 421, 493, 614.
- as practitioners of magic, 105, 106.
- atua cohabitating with, 416.
- cannibal, 76, 395, 433.
- guardian of, 303.
- in ceremonies and magic acts, 29, 121, 126, 179, 181.
- marooned, 586-587.
- omens and superstitions associated with, 601, 608, 614, 616.
- supernormal, 556.
- taken to wife by taniwha. See Taniwha.
- tutelary being of, 289, 303, 386.
Wood carving
- as the male branch of adornment, 228.
- invention of, 230.
- knowledge of, personified, 313.
- origin of, 285-287, 548.
- the lizard form in, 461, 463.
Wood elves, 464.
Wooden buildings, 93.
Wood, red colour of, origin of, 364, 366.
Words
- banned, 612.
- tapu pertaining to, 25.
World, the, origin of, 280.

Yawning as an unlucky sign, 608.
Year, Maori division of, 26, 209, 210, 229, 260, 391-392.

Zeus, 297.
Zoroastnanism, tapu in, 18.
Zulu belief, concerning lizards, 461.

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Maori Religion and Mythology Part 2

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