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The Farthest Promised Land — English Villagers, New Zealand Immigrants of the 1870s

14 Afterwards

14 Afterwards

1 Harry Tomlinson, A Farm Labourer's Report of New Zealand, Grimbsy, 1876

2 CNZ, II, p.767; III, p.585

3 RFNZ, pp. P45, T4

4 Clipper Ship Crusader, p.31

5 Cited, Dunbabin, ‘The “Revolt of the Field”’, p.79

6 RFNZ, p.A14

7 AJHR 1905, C-4, pp.507–8, 515

8 Duncan to Provincial Government, 1 October 1874. Papers Laid on the Table, Canterbury Provincial Council, Session XLII, No.27, MS, Canterbury Museum Library

9 Groves, History of Shipton-under-Wychwood, p.47

10 E. N. Bennett, Problems of Village Life, London, 1914, pp.130–1

11 Haggard, Rural England, II, p.99

12 M. Sturge Gretton, Some English Rural Problems, London, 1922, p.114

13 Ibid., pp.115–6

14 Bennett, Problems of Village Life, p.46

15 Haggard, Rural England, I, pp.176, 181

16 Ibid., I, p.208

17 Ibid., I, p.176

18 Ibid., II, p.117

19 Ibid., II, pp.116–7

20 Ibid., II, p.114

21 Ibid., II, p.161

22 Ibid., II, p.163

23 Ibid., II, p.160–1

24 Ibid., II, p.167

25 Ibid., I, pp.186–7

26 Ibid., I, pp.228–9

27 H. H. Mann, ‘Life in an Agricultural Village in England’, Sociological Papers, 1904, pp.163–193

28 Ibid., pp.176, 185

29 Ibid., p.192

30 Christopher Holdenby (pseudonym of R. G. Hatton), Folk of the Furrow, London, 1913

page 382

31 Ibid., p.71

32 Ibid., pp.33–4

33 D. C. Pedder, ‘Service and Farm-Service’, Contemporary Review, 83 (1903), p.275

34 Ernest Selley, Village Trade Unions in Two Centuries, London 1919, p.114

35 Haggard, Rural England, I, p.226

36 Ibid., II, p.540

37 George Sturt, The Journals of George Sturt (1890–1927) ed. E. D. Mackerness, 2 vols., Cambridge, 1967, II, pp.569–77, for Sturt's account of this visit.

38 Ibid., p.570

39 Ibid., p.571

40 Ibid

41 Ibid., p.575

42 Ibid., p.569

32 Ibid., p.570

44 Ibid., 576–77

45 CNZ, VI, p.495. Kittow emigrated on the Helen Denny, sailing 28 July 1874.

46 See e.g. CNZ, III, p.727 (John Ellis;Isles of the South, 6 November 1874); CNZ VI, p.692 (John Lane;Douglas, 2 July, 1874), CNZ, III, p.725 (Frederick Searle;Tintern Abbey;7 January 1875); CNZ, II, p.741 (William Thomas; Earl Grandville, 4 March 1880). (Ships' names, and dates of sailing from Britain, are given with the immigrants referred to in this and the following footnotes.)

47 See e.g. CNZ, IV, p.971 (Thomas Coombes; Wellington, 4 December 1874); CNZ, III, p.501 (David Hawke, Waitangi, 18 July 1878); CNZ, IV, p.944 (William Perry; emigrated 1872, probably a Brogden recruit): N.Z. Methodist Times, 28 March 1936 (Alfred Vincent; St. Lawrence, 22 May 1874); CNZ, III, p.998 (William Werry; Caroline, 12 October 1875).

48 See e.g. Clipper Ship Crusader, pp.14–15 (Richard Dalley; Crusader, 26 September 1874); CNZ, III, p.535 (Harry Daniel; Euterpe, 28 April 1874); CNZ, IV, p.474, (Thomas Jenkins; Wennington, 2 February 1875); CNZ, VI, p.503, (William Fellow; Inverness, 21 August 1875).

49 See e.g. CNZ, III, p.544 (Anthony Francis; Northern Monarch, 31 October 1878); CNZ, VI, p.394 (John Harvey; Helen Denny, 28 July 1874); RFNZ, p.H54 (Gideon Hicks; Otaki, 31 October 1875); RFNZ, p.O1 (Simon Gates; Blairgowrie, 29 May 1875).

50 See e.g. RFNZ, p.C17 (Rueben Carne; Adamant, 15 July 1873); CNZ, II, p.861 (William Davey; Miltiades, 2 May 1874);RFNZ, p.G14 (Nicholas Gerry; Boyne, 18 November, 1878); CNZ, VI, p.234 (Richard Hutchins; Rangitiki, 19 July 1879); RFNZ, p.N17, (James Northam;Star of India, 26 September, 1873); RFNZ, p.T36 (John Tresidder; Blairgowrie, 29 May 1875).

51 See e.g.CNZ, III, p.389 (Thomas Davey; Douglas, 2 July 1874): Who's Who in New Zealand, 1925 ed. pp.133–34 (Charles & John Luke; Waikato, 24 March 1874); CNZ, I, p.610 (Andrew Williams; Conflict, 9 May 1874).

52 CNZ, III, p.585

53 This information from the Labour League Examiner, 22 August 1874, is supported by the 1871 census schedules for Laceby, which shows John Tomlinson as an agricultural labourer living in Paddison's Row.

54 Keith Swan, ‘Finding Interest and Significance in the Local Community’, in David Duff et al, eds., Historians at Work: Investigating and Recreating the Past, Sydney, 1973, pp.129–31

55 R. J. Campbell, ‘“The Black 'Eighties” - Unemployment in New Zealand in the 1880s', Australian Economic History Review, 1976, 1. pp.69, 71

56 Rollo Arnold, A ‘New’ Educational History for New Zealand? Wellington, 1973, pp.4, 7

57 AJHR, 1882, 1–4A, pp.13–15. For the names of Ormondville pioneers I am indebted to 101 Years of Ormondville, Ormondville Centennial Committee, Napier, 1978.

58 W. H. Scotter, A History of Canterbury, Vol. III, p.68

59 Feilding Star, 6 January 1883

60 Yeoman (Wanganui), 9 February 1883, p.7

61 Ibid., 23 March 1883, p.8

page 383

62 Ibid., 13 July 1883, p.5

63 e.g. Ibid. 13 April, 1 & 15 June, 10 August, 1883

64 Feilding Star, 1 November 1883

65 Ibid., 18 October 1883

66 Yeoman, 26 October 1883, p.2

67 N.Z. Industrial Gazette, 15 January 1884, pp.32–3; 15 February 1884, p.35

68 e.g. N.Z. Wesleyan, 10 February 1883, p.42; 1 June 1883, p.139; 1 August 1883, p.190

69 Yeoman, 4 September 1885, p.2

70 Ibid., 25 June 1886, p.3

71 N.Z. Mail, 10 August 1888, p.24

72 The New Zealand Fanner (Auckland) August 1888

73 e.g. Yeoman, 16 February 1889, pp.4, 5; N.Z. Farmer, August 1890, p.312

74 Yeoman, 27 April 1889, p.11

75 N.Z. Farmer, February 1890, p.50

76 [William R. Trench,] A Trip Round the World: Notes from Sea and Land, Kendal, 1906, p.63

77 Frank T. Bullen, Advance Australasia, London, 1907, p.240

78 Ibid., p.241

79 Review of Reviews for Australasia, 15 January 1901, p.80

80 E. Way Elkington, Adrift in New Zealand, London, 1906, p.13

81 Ibid., p.17

82 Bullen, Advance Australasia, p.142

83 Ibid., p.177