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Samoan Material Culture

Figure 263.—Fish trap (fanga uli) technique:

Figure 263.—Fish trap (fanga uli) technique:

Figure 263.—Fish trap (fanga uli) technique:

a, longitudinal section, the mata (1) opening 12 inches in diameter, the muli opening (2), elliptical through pressure, 10 by 13 inches in cross diameter. The funnels (3) lead into the tapua tube (4), 6 inches in diameter; partition of sticks (5); openings (6) in tube for entrance of fish. b, The tapua tube shown flattened out by cutting through the weft rounds in the middle longitudinal line above. The warps (1-8) are long warps. The pair (9, 10) is formed by doubling two long elements to leave a space (13) between their doubled ends on the mata side of the partition (19). The pair (11, 12) are formed in a similar way to provide for an opening (14) on the muli side. A long vine (20) is doubled around a bottom warp (5) on the mata side and commences the single-pair twined weft round which works outwards and upwards to reach the warp (8) at the point (1'). The warp (8) is really above the tube, and adjacent to the warp (1) over which the weft round continues uninterruptedly at page 459the point (2'). The weft crosses the warps (9, 10) close to their bend and crosses the warp (5) about 1.5 inches from its commencement in order to continue the rounds in spiral turns. The weft reaches the warp (8) at the point (3') and carries on the next warp (1) at the point (4'). The weft reaches the warp (3) and turns back as shown to form a side of the opening (13). On arriving back on warp (1) at the point (5'), it continues on warp (8) at the point (6') whence it works in to the other side of the opening (13) on the warp (4). The weft turns back on warp (4), works out to warp (8) at the point (7'), and continues on warp (1) at the point (8'). The weft now has an uninterrupted run, passing as it does over the doubled warp (9, 10) and completing the margins of the opening (13). From now on the even spirals are continued outwards with an interweft space of 1.5 inches. Four rounds from the margin of the opening completes the mata end of the tapua tube. c, The tube is expanded into the mata funnel termed sifa by adding looped strips, with each limb between two warps from the tube. The section figures 9 of the tube warps ('aso tapua) crossed by the third and fourth weft rounds. The fifth round is commenced with the warps (1 and 2). The weft includes one limb (10) of an introduced pair (10, 11), crosses over two warps (3 and 4) and then includes the other limb (11) of the new pair. Two more tube warps (5 and 6) are crossed, when a new warp (12) has to be added. The new warp is added by taking one end of a long strip, passing it under the warp (7, 8) on the right and drawing it up over the fourth round until its middle is reached. The limb (12) is then included in the twine, after which two more tube warps (7, 8) are included. The other limb (13) is drawn taut to adjust the bend under the warps (7, 8) and it is brought back over the fourth weft round and included in the twine of the fifth round in the same way as warp (11). The two weft elements (14, 15) continue the twining until three fresh sets of 2 warps have been equally spaced amongst the 12 warps that came from the tube. d, View from outside the funnel, showing the addition of the 6 new wefts (1-6) evenly spaced with 2 tube warps between each new element. The spiral weft is continued and the funnel expands in size with each round not only owing to the increased number of warps but also to the gradual widening of the interwarp space from 1 inch to 2 inches at the end of the 7th round of the weft in the funnel. The weft has worked along the warp for a distance of 12 inches, the funnel is 11 inches in diameter and the weft ends are fixed temporarily while the other end of the tube is dealt with.