Figure 261.—Fish trap (fanga i'a) single-pair twine:

a, The two single weft elements (1, 2) are tied together at one end with coconut fibre. A long strip of root (3) is placed between the weft elements at its middle and a half turn made around it. The end (3) of the long root forms the first warp. b, The lower end (4) of the long strip is bent upwards and placed between the weft elements. c, Another half turn is made with the weft elements and the warp (4) is fixed in position. A fresh warp (5) is placed in position between the weft elements and dealt with in half turns of the weft as with the first doubled warp (3, 4). The technique is continued until 8 doubled pieces have added 16 warps to the twined weft. d, The twined row is bent around into a circle but in the figure, the doubled back warps are shown diverged outwards to emphasize the technique of the twined row. The wefts are twined around the first warp (1) close to the commencement turn and the opening is fixed. In the figure only 8 warps are shown. page 451e, The twining continues around the 16 warps but diverges out so as to get its proper spacing from the first round (1). It simply continues in a spiral as in the case of the tu'u'u trap. As the same number of warps continue to be entwined a tube results. The second row (2) twining may take each warp in turn as they are in the first commencing round. Here the warps are parallel in the first outer weft space. f, It may, however, be easier to form a less abrupt bend where the warps are doubled back. Instead of taking each warp in turn as they are in the first round (1), they may be crossed. The two limbs of the same piece instead of being adjacent in the second round (2) are diverged so that there are two other warps, one from either side, between them. The warps are thus crossed in the first interspace. After the second round they remain parallel. The tubular funnel is continued for three to four rounds of twining. The funnel itself is called the pu and the outer opening is the ngutu. From the ngutu, the trap must be gradually opened out by the addition of fresh warps to form the gradual slope and surface that leads to the funnel entrance. This upper surface is called the malae from g, idea that the fish play about there and then enter the house. (See Plate XLII, D.) g, Fresh warps are added in a different manner to that in the tu'u'u trap, where a piece was simply doubled round the twining of the preceding twined round and the two parts formed adjacent warps on the round being twined. In the completed rounds (4' and 3') three parallel warps (1, 2, and 3 are shown). On the twined row (5') which is being made just outside the ngutu outer opening of the funnel, the warp (1) has been included in the twine. A fresh warp (4) is pushed down under the work so that its middle is approximately about the level of the completed round (4'). The fresh warp (4) is included in the twine of the fifth row. h, After including the fresh warp (4) the next warp (2) is included. The other end of the new warp (4) is pulled up beyond the last round (4'), crossed over the warp (2) and returned under the twined row (4') to form a second fresh warp (5). This is included in the twine as well as the next warp (3) and the twined row continues normally until fresh warps have to be added. The addition of the two new warps (4 and 5) has spread out the trap and will increase the circumference of the twined row (5'). Fresh warps are added symmetrically to the twined round to keep the trap increase symmetrical. When the malae is of sufficient size, the warps are gradually curved to form the sides. Fresh warps are added on different rounds until the trap reaches its maximum diameter. It is then sloped towards the bottom by bringing warps closer together.