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Ethnology of Manihiki and Rakahanga

Figure 57. Haft with socket, and lashing technique. a, b, side and front views of haft: 1, shaft, 13.2 inches long and slightly more than 1 inch in diameter; 2, foot, 4.5 inches long, front grooved throughout length to fit back of rounded socket; 3, heel, 0.6 inch deep and 1.1 inches wide; 4, toe, 0.8 inch deep and 1.5 inches wide; 5, toe angle; 6, heel angle; differs from simple haft in presence of heel angle. c, d, front and side views of socket of hard ngangie wood: 7, blunt pointed knob, 1.…

Figure 57. Haft with socket, and lashing technique. a, b, side and front views of haft: 1, shaft, 13.2 inches long and slightly more than 1 inch in diameter; 2, foot, 4.5 inches long, front grooved throughout length to fit back of rounded socket; 3, heel, 0.6 inch deep and 1.1 inches wide; 4, toe, 0.8 inch deep and 1.5 inches wide; 5, toe angle; 6, heel angle; differs from simple haft in presence of heel angle. c, d, front and side views of socket of hard ngangie wood: 7, blunt pointed knob, 1.2 inches high, 1.1 inches wide, and 1.1 inches thick at base; 8, heel shoulder, extends from back to sides and rests on haft heel; 9, shoulder, 0.4 inch deep and 1.4 inches wide; 10, flat surface 1.6 inches long cut to shape of adz butt; 11, toe shoulder, section 4.6 inches long between toe shoulder and heel shoulder rounded off to fit against groove of haft foot and allow socket to rotate; 12, slight flange on back, section 0.3 inch long between flange and inward cut below toe shoulder receives adz lashing; length of socket, 7.6 inches; diameter at lower end, 1.3 inches; thickness at base of knob (8), 1.1 inches and just below knob, 0.8 inch; thickness at shoulder (11), 1.4 inches and just above, 1.1 inches; thickness at lower end, 0.6 inch. e, f, lashing, side and front views: heel shoulder of socket fits above haft heel (3) and its toe shoulder (11) below haft toe (4); socket first attached to haft by repeated chevron lashing (14) which makes turns around heel and toe angles, technique of turns similar to that in simple haft lashing (fig. 56, d); second lashing of transverse turns around socket and toe is commenced with slip knot (15) for first upper turn; turns pass from right to left on near side; last three turns made over thumb, end (16) passed upward beneath them, turns drawn taut from above down, slack drawn taut, and end cut off; adz (13) fitted to adz surface on lower end of socket with poll resting against adz shoulder (9) of socket; lashing commenced by turning down one end (17) of braid on adz and making number of loose transverse turns over thumb under which other end (18) of braid turned up from below; turns drawn taut from above down, first three turns fixing and concealing first end (17); last turn (19) drawn taut by pulling on end (18) to remove slack; slack cut off and end fixed; commencement and ending technique differ from that in simple lashing (fig. 56, d); end (20) of braid laid obliquely across middle, braid forms lowest ascending turn on right, and after passing around right side of heel crosses middle line above, descends on left or near side of shaft (e, 20), crosses under toe angle, ascends shaft on far side to cross itself above (e, 21), whence it crosses toe (e, 22) on near side to appear on left side (f, 22) to descend obliquely over front and cross commencing end in middle line; this establishes order of first set of turns and three more sets follow; last ascending turn (23) carried over middle line and tied with overhand knot (24) around two upper turns on right to fix lashing.

Figure 57. Haft with socket, and lashing technique. a, b, side and front views of haft: 1, shaft, 13.2 inches long and slightly more than 1 inch in diameter; 2, foot, 4.5 inches long, front grooved throughout length to fit back of rounded socket; 3, heel, 0.6 inch deep and 1.1 inches wide; 4, toe, 0.8 inch deep and 1.5 inches wide; 5, toe angle; 6, heel angle; differs from simple haft in presence of heel angle. c, d, front and side views of socket of hard ngangie wood: 7, blunt pointed knob, 1.2 inches high, 1.1 inches wide, and 1.1 inches thick at base; 8, heel shoulder, extends from back to sides and rests on haft heel; 9, shoulder, 0.4 inch deep and 1.4 inches wide; 10, flat surface 1.6 inches long cut to shape of adz butt; 11, toe shoulder, section 4.6 inches long between toe shoulder and heel shoulder rounded off to fit against groove of haft foot and allow socket to rotate; 12, slight flange on back, section 0.3 inch long between flange and inward cut below toe shoulder receives adz lashing; length of socket, 7.6 inches; diameter at lower end, 1.3 inches; thickness at base of knob (8), 1.1 inches and just below knob, 0.8 inch; thickness at shoulder (11), 1.4 inches and just above, 1.1 inches; thickness at lower end, 0.6 inch. e, f, lashing, side and front views: heel shoulder of socket fits above haft heel (3) and its toe shoulder (11) below haft toe (4); socket first attached to haft by repeated chevron lashing (14) which makes turns around heel and toe angles, technique of turns similar to that in simple haft lashing (fig. 56, d); second lashing of transverse turns around socket and toe is commenced with slip knot (15) for first upper turn; turns pass from right to left on near side; last three turns made over thumb, end (16) passed upward beneath them, turns drawn taut from above down, slack drawn taut, and end cut off; adz (13) fitted to adz surface on lower end of socket with poll resting against adz shoulder (9) of socket; lashing commenced by turning down one end (17) of braid on adz and making number of loose transverse turns over thumb under which other end (18) of braid turned up from below; turns drawn taut from above down, first three turns fixing and concealing first end (17); last turn (19) drawn taut by pulling on end (18) to remove slack; slack cut off and end fixed; commencement and ending technique differ from that in simple lashing (fig. 56, d); end (20) of braid laid obliquely across middle, braid forms lowest ascending turn on right, and after passing around right side of heel crosses middle line above, descends on left or near side of shaft (e, 20), crosses under toe angle, ascends shaft on far side to cross itself above (e, 21), whence it crosses toe (e, 22) on near side to appear on left side (f, 22) to descend obliquely over front and cross commencing end in middle line; this establishes order of first set of turns and three more sets follow; last ascending turn (23) carried over middle line and tied with overhand knot (24) around two upper turns on right to fix lashing.