469 |
Haast, Julius, Ph. D., F.G.S., &c., Geologist of the Province of Canterbury, for the Provincial Government of Canterbury, N.Z. Specimens of Rocks, Minerals, Fossils, Dried-plants, Maps, Sections, &c., collected by exhibitor for the Provincial Government. The Rocks and Minerals are arranged
geographically. Among the specimens are the following Ores and Minerals which occur in the Province, viz.:—
a, Carboniferous anthracitic and bituminous coal, River Kowui, Mount Harper, Clent Hills, &c.
b, Secondary coal, bituminous, River Grey, West Coast.
c, Tertiary brown coal and lignite in Tertiary formations, all over the Province, Malvern Hills, Mount Somers, Rakaia, Coal Creek, Rangitata, Northern Hinds, River Potts, Ashburton, Tenawai, &c.
Selenite, in crystals on the surface of tertiary shale, Tenawai, &c.
Calcite (calcareous spar), in cavities of volcanic and in veins of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, abundant all over the Province.
Travertine, deposited from water having carbonate of lime in solution, Weka Pass.
Marble, Malvern Hills.
Stalactite Caves of Mount Somers, &c.
Stalagmite, Caves of Mount Somers, &c.
Arragonite, lining fissures and cavities of volcanic rocks, Banks' Peninsula.
Dolomite (Magnesian limestone), Malvern Hills, interstratified with augitic greenstone.
Quartz, in veins, in Metamorphic and Palæozoic rocks, all over the Province. This mineral occurs also in the following varieties:—
Rock Crystal, in amygdaloidal Trap, lining geodes, and cavities, Malvern Hills, Mount Somers, &c.
Amethyst, in amygdaloidal Trap, lining geodes, and cavities, Malvern Hills, Mount Somers, &c.
Milky Quartz, in Granites, West Coast.
Prase, small deposits in quartzose porphyritic Trachyte, Gawler's Downs.
Chalcedony, in mammillary and botryoidal forms in amygdaloidal trap and quartzose trachytes, Malvern Hills, Cent Hills, Mount Somers, &c.
Chrysoprase, filling cavities, ditto, ditto.
Cornelian, in small geodes and filling cavities, ditto, ditto.
Agate, in geodes, often of very large size, ditto, ditto
Flint, filling cavities in the rocks, ditto, ditto.
Aventurine, ditto, ditto.
Onyx. Some horizontally arranged chalcedonies i different colors showing a tendency to become onyx and sardoyx, ditto, ditto.
Plasma, filling fissures in tertiary quartzose tracytes, and occurring principally in Gawler's Downs.
Heliotrope, in tertiary quartzose trachytes in small pieces, Snowy Peak, Malvern Hills.
Jasper, in different varieties, Malvern Hills, and elsewhere.
Basanite, in different varieties, Malvern Hills, and elsewhere.
Chert, in different varieties, Malvern Hills, and elsewhere.
Lydian Stone, in different varieties, Malvern Hills, and elsewhere.
Silicified Wood (petrified), in creeks in many localities where siliceous rocks are decomposing.
Ferruginous Quartz, Gawler's Downs.
Semi-opal, filling small cavities in quartzose porphyritic trachyte, Malvern Hills and Mount Somers.
Opal, ditto, ditto
Quartz, in pseudomorphs, imitative crystals of calcite, Snowy Peak, Malvern Hills, Gorge of Rakaia, Clent Hills, &c.
Hyalite, in small masses lining cavities, Snowy Peak, Malvern Hills.
Apophylile, in amygdaloids, Rangitata.
Ichtkyophthalmite (zeolite), in felsite porphyry, Rangitata, Turn-again-Point.
Serpentine, in veins, Mount Cook Range, and some other localities in the Alps.
Diallage, in Gabbro, Mount Torlesse Range and Upper Rakaia.
Delessite, in amygdaloids, Rangitata and Malvern Hills, &c.
Chlorite, in lamina?, metamorphic schists, West Coast.
Nephrite (greenstone of the Maories), in rolled pieces on the beach of the West Coast.
Augite, in trachydolerites and in fine twin crystals imbedded in agglomeratic tufa, Banks' Peninsula.
Hornblende, in basaltic and doleritic rocks, Banks' Peninsula, Malvern Hills, Timaru, &c.
Hypersthene, in hypersthenic Malvern Hills.
Actinolite, in metamorphic schist.
Chrysolite, in srains of basaltic rocks, Banks' Peninsula.
Bole, filling cavities in lava streams, Banks' Peninsula.
Pimelite, filling cavities in amygdoloidal rocks, Malvern Hills, Clent Hills, &c.
Palagonite, in angular fragments in palagonite tufas, Harper's Hills, near Selwyn, and Two Brothers, Ashburton. Another variety changing insensibly into a
Pitchopal, inclosing leaves and stalks silicified, occurs in the same localities.
Heulatulite (Zeolite), in amygdaloidal traps, associated with felsite porphyries, Turn-again-Point, Rangitata.
Stilbite (Zeolite), in amygdaloidal traps, associated with felsite porphyries, Turn-again-Point, Rangitata.
Natrolite, filling cavities in volcanic rocks, Banks' Peninsula.
Mesotype, in needles, in fissures of volcanic rocks, Banks' Peninsula.
Chabasite, in trachytes, in fissures of volcanic rocks, Banks' Peninsula.
Orthoclase (potash felspar), in granites and other crystalline rocks at the West Coast, &c.
Sanidine, or glassy felspar in trachytes and trachy-dolerites, Banks' Peninsula, and quartzose porphyritic trachytes, Malvern Hills.
Obsidian, on the sides of trachytic dykes (solbands), Banks Peninsula.
Pitchstone, associated with quartzose porphyritic trachytes Snowy Peak, Mount Somers.
Albite, in dioritic porphyries, River Wilkin and Makarora Ranges.
Oligoclase (soda felspar), in quartzose porpliyritic trachytes, Mount Misery, Malvern Hills.
Labradorite, felspar in lava streams, Banks' Peninsula.
Saussurite, in Gabbro, Mount Torlesse.
Garnet (Almandine), in quartzose porpliyritic trachytes and pitchstones, Malyorn Hills and Mount Somers.
Pistacite, in diorite, Mount Torlesse Range.
Potash Mica (muscovite), in granites and schists, West Coast.
Magnesia Mica (Rubellan), in volcanic rocks, Banks' Peninsula
Pearl Mica (Margarite), in gneiss and metamorphic schists, West Coast.
Tourmaline, in granite, Mosquito Hill, West Coast.
Marcasite (white iron pyrites) in clays and tertiary rocks, in many localities.
Pyrites, as mundic in older palaeozoic rocks as well as in brown coal and shale, ditto.
Mispikel, in diorites, Malvern Hills.
Clay Iron, in tertiary associated with brown coal and lignite.
Sand Iron Ore, in tertiary associated with brown coal and lignite.
llmenite, titanifcrous magnetic iron ore, in grains in melaphyres, Clent Hills.
Magnetic Iron Ore, in grains and dolerite, Malvern Hills.
Green Larlh, in amygdoloidal trap, Malvern Hills, Ashburton, Rangitata, &c.
Spathic Iron (carbonate of iron), found in large boulders coated with black psilomelane, near the sources of the river Kowai, Mount Torlesse, is one of the finest iron ores in existence.
Sphœrosiderite, in small crystals, or lining cavities of volcanic rocks, Banks' Peninsula, Malvern Hills.
Vicianite, coating cavities in melapliyres, Clent Hills.
Hausmannite (red oxyde of manganese), coating joints in rocks and in rolled pieces in River Selwyn.
Psilomelane, in veins, Upper Waimakariri.
Glaucolite (green sand), as small grains in the pepperstones middle tertiary series, Malvern Hills, Coal Creek, Rangitata, Weka-Pass, Ashburlon, &c.
Copper Pyrites, in grains imbedded in quartzose schists, Moor-house Range, &c.
Green Carbonate of Copper, in a rolled piece, from Mount Somers range, River Stour.
Gold, south-eastern part of the Province near Waitaki, and south-western near Lake Wanaka, and western side of the main range generally.
Retinite in brown coal (fossil gum).
|