Title: Robley: Te Ropere, 1840—1930

Author: Timothy Walker

Publication details: University of Auckland, 1985, Auckland

Digital publication kindly authorised by: Timothy Walker

Part of: The Moko Texts Collection

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Robley: Te Ropere, 1840—1930

Male Portraits

page 285

Male Portraits

90. Te Kuha (sic) National Museum of New Zealand

90. Te Kuha (sic)
National Museum of New Zealand

page 286

85. Anehana

  • w/c on white cart.

  • image: 210 × 153 mm.

  • support: 216 × 160 mm.

  • sign.: (w/c) lower right corner “H.G. Robley

  • Canterbury Museum Collection E-121-9

  • Presented by Sir Robert Heaton-Rhodes MP., 1921

Inscriptions

Recto: (w/c, R's hand) bottom

“The Tattooing and portrait of Anehana

Mt. Recto: (ink, R's hand) bottom

“The passed away decoration/ of the Maori/ 3.”

Mt. Verso: (ink, R's hand) lower centre

“This face shows very well how the lines/ of the tattooing are guided by the/features. The highest point on the cheek/ for instance is centre of a spiral H.G. Robley/ 3.”

Notes: “Old Anehana was a familiar figure in Auckland city in the seventies … He was a very well-tattooed man.” [Cowan:1930. p. 150.]

Reproductions

Moko; or Maori Tattooing” [Robley: 1986] figures 25 & 26.

85. “Moko: or Maori Tattooing” figure 26

85. “Moko: or Maori Tattooing” figure 26

page 287

86. Raniera te Hiahia

Te Hiahia was a Maori guide with the 68th Durham Light Infantry during 1864 and 1865. (see notes)

Robley painted three, different, portraits of Raniera, all of which are included here.

86a. Raniera, Guide to the Tauranga Field Force (1864)

  • w/c & ink on white cart.

  • 166 × 121 mm.

  • NMNZ Collection FA 2204

  • Purchased from the Artist by the NZ Govt. 1905

Inscriptions

Recto: (ink, R's hand) Tower page

Raniera/ Guide to the Tauranga Field Force.”

Verso: (ink, Illustrated London New Agent) top centre

3651

Robley Album: (ink, R's hand)

“38/ Explaining ambush to me 1864/ G. Robley/ a portrait.”

(pencil, NMNZ)

“Raniera.”
86. “Moko; or Maori Tattooing figure 123

86. “Moko; or Maori Tattooing figure 123

page 288

86b. Raniera te Hiahia (1864)

  • ink & w/c on green paper

  • 157 × 127 mm.

  • ATL Picture Collection E28/8

  • Provenance: Webster Collection; purchased Bethunes Auction, 1966.

Inscriptions

Recto: (ink, R's hand) lower left

Dan/ [illeg.]”

Mt. Recto: (ink, R's hand) lower page

Raniera Te Hiahia — Guide to the Tauranga/ field force — 1864.”

(ink, R's hand)

[unfinished sketch of female dancer.]
Lieut. H.G. Robley and Raniera te Hiahia Ramsden Collection, Alexander Turnbull Library

Lieut. H.G. Robley and Raniera te Hiahia
Ramsden Collection, Alexander Turnbull Library

page 289

87. Raniera te Hiahia; Guide, Tauranga. 1864.

  • w/c & ink on tracing paper

  • 102 × 74 mm.

  • sign.: (ink) lower right “G. Robley/ delt.”

  • NMNZ Collection FA 1873

Inscriptions

Mt. Recto: (ink, ? hand) paper label, affixed lower page

“Raniera te Hiahia/ Guide/ Tauranga/ 1864.”

88. Raniera te Hiahia (1865)

  • w/c & pencil on white cart.

  • 199 × 134 mm.

  • NMNZ Collection FA 2203

  • Purchased from the Artist by the NZ Govt, 1905

Inscriptions

Recto: (pencil, te Hiahia's hand) lower left [↑]

“Raniera te hiahia.”

Verso: (pencil, R's hand) upper page

“Portrait of/ Raniera te Hiahia/ (his signature).”

Robley Album: (ink, R's hand)

“R.48/ Portrait of Raniera Te Hiahia (& tupara)/ Guide Tauranga force/ his signature with/ my pencil/ G. Robley./ 1865.”

Notes: “This guide was Raniera, or Daniel, Te Hiahia, and he is faithfully portrayed in the book Moko against figure No. 123. He was a partly tattooed mihanere (missionary) convert, well on in years, and was quite happy in the responsibilities of his position and proud of the possession of a musket and two cartridge boxes, wearing one of the last strapped to his chest, the other lower down, while for head gear he had an officer's discarded forage-cap having a white band with the 68th Regimental number in large brass figures in the centre. His other attirements were a red shirt and a pair of dark blue trousers, clothing which on gala occasions would be supplemented with a handsome waist mat of Maori make. A photograph of… myself and Raniera taken at the Te Papa camp still exists, while he and I ever remained very good friends.” [Robley. Fildes:1921. p.40]

Raniera te Hiahia was of the Ngatihinetapu hapu of Ngaiterangi, based at Otumoetai [Adams: n/d. VUW Fildes Coll. 10/1 (Box 2)]

Reproduction.

Moko; or Maori Tattooing.” [Robley-1896] fig. 123.

page 290

89. Te Kani

  • w/c & ink on white cart.

  • 216 × 229 mm.

  • sign.: (w/c) lower left “G. Robley

  • NMNZ Collection FA 734

  • Purchased from the Artist by the N.Z. Govt, 1905

Inscriptions

Verso: (ink, R's hand) whole page

Te Kani Has double spirals on cheeks/ treble [spirals on] jaws/ G.R.
Hori Ngatai — stated re: 29th April 1864/ “our loss in the battle was about 25 men/ killed, including the following/ Petarika/ Te Rewiti/ Manotini (died at Te Papa)/ Eru Puhirake/ × Te Kani/ Reka/ Tamatea/ Ihaka — Christian minister killed uttering a prayer/ Te Wano — Heathen priest — killed reciting old time/ karakias for victory/ Te Rauhuhu/ Tikiku/ Te Rangihau/ Te Keni/ Te Wharepouri/ and Parawai/ later notes/ also Henare Taratoa/ Wiheti — bayoneted 29.4.64/ shot at Te Ranga 21.6.64 got away/ alive 1914, and sent regards to M Genl Robley/ ×/ Note/ Te Kani was brother to the chief Rawiri/ to whom a monument was inaugurated at Tauranga 21 June 1864.”

Notes: “One of the killed [at Gate Pa] was Te Kani, a relative of Rewiti. He was a young chief fully tattooed and had been bayonetted over the left eye… his moko was particularly good.” [Fildes:1921. p.60]

Reproduction.

89. “Moko; or Maori Tattooing” figure 22

89. “Moko; or Maori Tattooing figure 22

page 291

Te Kuka te Mea

In his many copies of this subject Robley always misspelt ‘Te Kuka’ as ‘Te Kuha’. (see notes.)

There are three different portraits of Te Kuka te Mea by Robley recorded here, including a rare oil painting (Cat. No. 90). The most common portrait (Cat. No. 91) is represented by seven copies.

90. Te Kuha (sic.)

  • oil & ink on cardboard

  • image: 240 × 199 mm.

  • support: 261 × 221 mm.

  • NMNZ Collection FA 729

Inscriptions

Verso: (ink, R's hand) lower centre

Te Kuha (sic.)/ an old chief/ Tauranga/ a good carver/ 1864/.”

91a. Te Kuha (sic.)

  • w/c on white cart.

  • image: 272 × 230 mm.

  • support: 280 × 242 mm.

  • NMNZ Collection FA 1644

Inscriptions

Verso: (ink, R's hand) whole page

“The Chief Te Kuha Kuka/ 1864 who/ took in 1828 name of/ Te Mea/ in compliment to/ Captain Mair/ fought in Tauranga Campaign/ 1864 against the Pakeha/ was a carver in wood of repute.
When the Ngaiterangi gave up their arms/ it was safer to take drawings. This/ chief sat to me for presents of tobacco/ & rum at the village of Matapihi/ acclaiming the portrait and the tattooing, so this picture is correct/ of a splendidly decorated man/ over 80 years/ -/ I have never seen the design [sketch] he had on centre of nose/ alike on any other man or on any preserved head/ H.G. Robley.”
page 292

91b. Te Kuha (sic.)

  • w/c & ink on white cart.

  • 232 × 200 mm.

  • NMNZ Collection FA 732

Inscriptions

Verso: (ink, R's hand) lower page

“Ngaiterangi/ Te Kuha (sic.) the best tatued man/ 1864/ G. Robley Lt. 68th DLI.”

91c. Te Kuha (sic.)

  • w/c on white cart.

  • 299 × 238 mm.

  • sign.: (w/c) lower right “G. Robley

  • HBAGM Collection MMC 152

  • Presented by Lady McLean, Napier, 1930's

Inscriptions

Recto: (ink, R's hand) lower right

Te Kuha (sic.)/ a Ngaiterangi splendid ‘moko’/ fought in East Coast 1864/ portrait by G. Robley 68th.”

91d. Te Kuha (sic.)

  • w/c on white paper

  • 252 × 192 mm.

  • sign.: (w/c) lower right “H.G. Robley

  • date: (w/c) lower centre “1865”

  • HBAGM Collection MMC 846

  • Presented by Lady McLean, Napier, 1930's

Inscriptions

Recto: (w/c, R's hand) lower left

Te Kuha. (sic.)”

Verso: (ink, R's hand) whole page

Te Kuha (sic.)/ a Ngaiterangi/ whose “moko” was complete/ it was distinguished by a/ “pikau” scroll [sketch] on the centre of the nose/ of these scrolls he had as/ many as seemed possible/ was a “Toa” or warrior/ and a carver of repute/ H.G. Robley/ syned (sic.) portrait drawn/ 1865.”
page 293

91e. Te Kuha (sic.)

  • w/c on white cart.

  • image: 237 × 195 mm.

  • support: 250 × 200 mm.

  • Canterbury Museum Collection E-121-9

  • Presented by Sir Robert Heaton-Rhodes M.P., 1921

Inscriptions

Recto: (chinese white, R's hand) lower right corner

Te Kuha (sic.)”

MT Recto: (ink, R's hand) lower page

“rare moko 1864. H.G. Robley/ 11/ 6 Tattooing and/ Portrait of Te Kuha (sic.)/ carver of repute/ & friend/ a Ngaiterangi 1864/ see over.”

Mt. Verso: (ink, R's hand) whole page

Te Kuha (sic.) was about the/ most highly tattooed chief/ at this date — 1864/ has many scrolls/ one is on centre of the nose/ which is very uncommon place/ for this decoration./ He fought at the Gate Pah/ and Te Ranga/ & was a carver of repute/ carved a stick with mythological figures/ for the artist/ 11.”

91f. Te Kuha (sic.)

  • w/c, ink & pencil on white paper

  • image: 268 × 218 mm.

  • support: 280 × 230 mm.

  • sign.: (ink) lower right “H.G. Robley

  • ATL Picture Collection A80/64

  • Accn. No: 78-638

Inscriptions

Recto: (ink & chinese white, R's hand) lower right

Te Kuha (sic.)”

MT. Verso: (ink, R's hand) whole page)

“- Pictured in 1864/ — as about 85 years old or more — born/ about near arrival of Capt. Cook in NZ/ Te Kuha (sic.) Ngaiterangi Chief/ who took the name of Te Mea/ in 1828/ (in compliment to Captn Mair)/ Portrait in 1864 — he fought in the/East Coast campaign — didn't want/ to be portrayed — I had to give him rum/ and tobacco for him to sit/ a minute — he would get up — &/ sit for more — The crowd of/ Maori around expressed astonishment/ at seeing the tattooing rendered/ exact -/ was a carver of repute & did a/ stick for H.G. Robley 1864.”
page 294

91g. Te Kuha (sic.)

  • w/c on white cart.

  • 290 × 225 mm.

  • sign.: (w/c) lower left “H.G. Robley

  • date: (w/c) lower left “1864”

  • Tauranga Museum Collection (no class.)

  • Provenance: Adams Collection

Inscriptions

Recto: (w/c, R's hand) lower right

Te Kuha (sic.)”

Verso: (ink, R's hand) whole page

[general notes, as d). NB: these notes are transcribed on Mt. Verso]

Labels.

Mt. Verso: (newspaper clippings)

[re: purchase of Robley's Mokamokai Collection by American Museum of Natural History. no source/date.]
[re: Auction of Maori items at Christie's. B.O.P. Times, 22/7/1924]

92. Te Kuha (sic.)

  • w/c & pencil on white paper

  • image: 195 × 148 mm.

  • support: 218 × 148 mm.

  • sign.: (w/c & chinese white) lower right “H.G. Robley

  • ATL Picture Collection A80/65

  • Accn. No: 78-640

  • Provenance: Donne/Fuller; purchased from Webster Estate, 1970

Inscriptions

Recto: (w/c, R'hand) lower right

Te Kuha (sic.)”

Verso: (ink, R's hand) whole page

[general notes. as items above.]
page 295

Notes: “Captain [Gilbert] Mair states that Te Kuka, or Te Kuka te Mea, was chief of Ngaituwhiwhia hapu of the Ngaiterangi tribe, and was a great friend of General Robley. He lived during his youth with Captain Mair's father at Wahapu, Bay of Islands, and from that association took the name of Te Mea. Further, that it was the other name sake of his father, Hohepa Hikutaia, son of Koraurau … Te Kuka te Mea … died several years [before his father's death in 1901] at Motuhoa Island.” [Fildes:1921. p.101.]

Te Kuha (sic.) … carved me a stick — after asking for a fish hook — he sharpened the spade-like end & that was this chisel. He was very old in 64.” [Robley-Mair: n/d. ATL qMs/ 1898–1922.]

Reproduction.

91c. Te Kuha (sic) Hawkes Bay Art Gallery & Museum

91c. Te Kuha (sic)
Hawkes Bay Art Gallery & Museum

page 296

93. Portrait of a Maori, & the prow of a canoe

There are many postcard versions of this subject — in w/c, ink/ wash and photographic reproduction. Robley usually portrays Te Kuka te Mea in this work, as in the example catalogued.

93. Portrait of a Maori, & prow of a large canoe, 1865

  • black w/c & ink/wash on white paper

  • 113 × 178 mm.

  • NMNZ Collection FA 2202

  • Purchased from the Artist by the N.Z. Govt, 1905

Inscriptions

Robley Album: (ink, R's hand)

“30/ war canoe sometimes called/ wakapitau/ pitau this carving / large on the prow/ Portrait of a Maori 1865/ & prow of a large canoe/ G. Robley.’

Notes: “… an old carved chief sitting by prow of “Wakataua” — can never be seen again — no film could ever attempt.” [Robley-Fildes:1923. VUW Fildes Collection/10]

This drawing is similar to one by O. Brierly published in the 4 October, 1851 Illustrated London New as “Chief & carved sternpost”.

Reproduction

93. “Moko; or Maori Tattooing” figure 101

93. Moko; or Maori Tattooing” figure 101

page 297

94. Tamati Mauao (1864)

  • w/c & pencil on white cart.

  • 197 × 130 mm.

  • NMNZ Collection FA 747

  • w/c & pencil on white cart.

Inscriptions

Recto: (w/c, R's hand) lower left

Tamati Mauao

Verso: (ink, R's hand) lower page

Tamati Mauao/ 1864/ Grandfather/ Hamiora Tu of/ Matapihi 1904/ who took the name of one of the native guides/ field force/ Tauranga.”

Robley Album: (ink, R's hand)

“29a/ Tamati Mauao/ a chief/ 1864/ tatuing not continued/ but hair has been plucked from chin &/ upper lip
Grandfather of the present Hamiora Tu/ of Matapihi Tauranga/ G. Robley.”

Notes: Tamati Mauao was the father of Harete, Robley's Maori ‘wife’. It is their child, Hamiora Tu Ropere, to whom Robley refers in the above inscriptions.

Mauao is the original name of the mountain now referred to as Maunganui.

Reproduction.

94. Tamati Mauao (1864) National Museum of New Zealand

94. Tamati Mauao (1864)
National Museum of New Zealand

page 298

95. Tangi over the Chief Tamati Mauao (1864)

  • w/c & pencil on white paper (w/m: “J. Whatman/ 1852”)

  • 234 × 291 mm.

  • NMNZ Collection FA 736

  • Purchased from the Artist by the N.Z. Govt, 1905

Inscriptions

Verso: (pencil, ? hand) upper page

“Reg. No. 736/ Robley No. 14/ Tangi over the chief Tamati Mauao.”

Robley Album: (ink, R's hand)

“14/ Tangi over the chief Tamati Mauao/ daughter “Harete”/ in red shawl/ an orator/ & spear/ a sail used for sheltering body/ a windy day/ G. Robley 1864.”

Reproductions

“The Maori in European Art” [Bell:1980] plate 59

95. Tangi over the Chief Tamati Mauao (1864) National Museum of New Zealand

95. Tangi over the Chief Tamati Mauao (1864)
National Museum of New Zealand

page 299

96. Tomika te Mutu

This was Robley's favourite portrait for re-copying. Included here are nine watercolour examples. There are many more drawings, postcards and sketches, many serving as the base for annotated lists of moko nomenclature. These latter are often referred to by the title “Tukupu” (fully tattooed).

All examples of this subject appear to be based on a photograph, rather than on a sketch taken from life in 1864–66. (see notes.)

96a. Te Mutu

  • w/c on white cart.

  • 386 × 292 mm.

  • sign.: (w/c) lower right “H.G. Robley

  • NMNZ Collection FA 1642

  • Provenance: Fildes Collection

Inscriptions

Recto: (w/c, R's hand) lower right

Te Mutu

Verso: (ink, R's hand) lower left

“The moko of/ Te Mutu/ I knew in 1865/ to my friend/ H. Fildes/ on his day/ 1923/ from/ H. G. Robley.”

(ink, ? hand) centre

Tanika Te Mutu 1642/ Chief of Ngati Whanaunga of/ Coromandel, and later of Tauranga, 1860/ Also known as Tomika (Dominic) Te Mutu/ see A.H.M. Vol. 6 154–7/ C.M. Record 1844 181/ Rusden “History of NZ” 1833 Vol. I p. 314.”

96b. Te Mutu

  • w/c & ink on white cart.

  • 220 × 216 mm.

  • sign.: (w/c) lower right “G. Robley

  • NMNZ Collection FA 733

  • Purchased from the Artist by the N.Z. Govt, 1914. (10/-)

Inscriptions

Verso: (pencil, R's hand) lower centre

“his Portrait was taken about Xmas 1864/ at Te Papa/ Tauranga/ G. Robley.”
page break
96d. Te Mutu, 1865 (verso) Tauranga Museum

96d. Te Mutu, 1865 (verso)
Tauranga Museum

page 300

96c. Chief, Te Mutu; 1865

  • w/c on white cart.

  • 170 × 150 mm.

  • Hocken Library Collection A/R666

  • Accn. No.: 14,457

  • Provenance: Hocken Collection

Inscriptions

Recto: (w/c, R's hand) lower right

Chief/ Te Mutu/ 1865”

Verso: (ink, R's hand) upper page

“Tomika Te Mutu/ attended the Sports/ at Tauranga/ Decr 29 1865/ visited Auckland/ 1866/ see J. Cowan's/ “Wars and Pioneering”.

96d. Te Mutu, 1865

  • w/c on white paper

  • 420 × 290 mm.

  • sign.: (w/c) lower right “H.G. Robley

  • Tauranga Museum Collection (no class.)

  • Provenance: J.C. Adams Collection

Inscriptions

Recto: (w/c, R's hand) lower right

Te Mutu 1865/ April”

96e. Tomika te Mutu

  • w/c & ink on white cart.

  • 352 × 268 mm.

  • sign.: (ink) lower right “G. Robley

  • ACAG Collection 1914/3

  • Provenance: ex: Old Colonial Museum Collection (No. 29);

  • Purchased 4/5/1914.

Inscriptions

Verso: (ink, R's hand) whole page

“This Portrait of/ Tomika Te Mutu/ a Ngaiterangi Chief 1864/ with correct tattooing/ drawn by G. Robley/ served with the 68th Durham Lt Inf/ East Coast 1864–5
G.R. drew Rewiti (sic.) wounded Gate Pa/ Te Kani killed/ Ihaka [killed] (blown to bits except head)/ others Pikaka/ Penetaka — planner of pas/ Tamati Mauao/ Anaru (married Sydney woman)/ Wi Parera/ Raniera Te Hia Hia/ Te Kuha old warrior & carver/ + + +.”
page 301

96f. Te Mutu

  • w/c on white cart.

  • 248 × 203 mm.

  • sign.: (w/c) lower centre “H.G. Robley

  • HBAGM Collection MMC 831

  • Presented by Lady McLean, Napier, 1930's

Inscriptions

Recto: (w/c, R's hand) top

“for Set pictures Maori Collection by H.G. Robley (signed).”

(w/c, R's hand) bottom

Ngaiterangi Chief Tomika Te Mutu. See Back.”

96g. Tomika te Mutu of Coromandel

  • w/c on white paper

  • 336 × 273 mm

HBAGM Collection MMC 185

Presented by Lady McLean, Napier, 1930's

NB: there are no inscriptions in Robley's hand.

96h. Tanika te mutu Canterbury Museum

96h. Tanika te mutu
Canterbury Museum

page 302

96h. Tanika te Mutu

  • w/c on white cart.

  • image: 200 × 172 mm.

  • support: 230 × 178 mm.

  • sign.: (ink) lower right [ ] “H. g. Robley”

  • Canterbury Museum Collection E-121–9

  • Presented by Sir Robert Heaton-Rhodes M.P., 1921

Inscriptions

Recto: (w/c, R's hand) top

Tanika Te Mutu -/ a chief of the Ngati Whanaunga/Coromandel

Mt. Recto: (ink, R's hand) lower page

H. G. Robley/ 10/ mentioned in S. Percy Smith's/ “Maori Wars of the 19th Century”.”

Mt. Verso: (ink, R's hand) lower left corner

“10.”

96i. Tomika te Mutu

  • w/c on white cart.

  • image: 196 × 180 mm.

  • support: 224 × 180 mm.

  • sign.: (w/c) lower right “H.G. Robley

  • AIM Picture Collection PD48(53)

Inscriptions

Recto: (w/c, R's hand) bottom

Tomika Te Mutu/ chief Motuhoa Is./ 29.12.1865”

Verso: (ink, R's hand) whole page

Tomika Te Mutu/ Ngaiterangi Tribe/ was at the Tauranga/ Sports/ portrait 29 Decr 1865 -/ Mutu visited Auckland 1866/ see J. Cowan's Vol. II/ “Wars & Pioneering” issued by the New Zealand/ Government.”
page 303

96j. Tomika te Mutu

  • w/c, ink & pencil on white cart.

  • image: 200 × 180 mm.

  • support: 238 × 180 mm.

  • sign.: (ink) lower right “H.G. Robley

  • ATL Picture Collection A33/28

  • Purchased from K.A. Webster Estate, 1970

Inscriptions

Recto: (ink, R's hand) bottom

Tomika Te Mutu -/ Chief Ngaiterangi Tribe/ visited Auckland — 1866 — H G R/ 1”

(w/c, R's hand) lower right

“Chief Motuhoa/ Island”

Verso: (ink, R's hand) whole page

“Bay of Plenty Chief/ Tomika Te Mutu/ famous for his moko/ was at the Sports held/at Tauranga 29th Decr 1865/ in the Illust. London News — Feby — 1866 — is mentioned in Vol II — J. Cowan/ “Wars and Pioneering”/ issued by the New Zealand Government/ colour/ copied in Xmas Annual 1925 Auckland/ In 1901 a drawing copy of this portrait/ was presented by artist to King Edward VII/ on the very day our King George V was/ meeting the Maori people at the great/ native tournament at Rotorua/ June 14th [1901]/ -/ Chief Motuhoa Is./ (fully “mokoed”) signed.”

Notes: “Tomika Te Mutu was a chief of rank of the Ngaiterangi tribe of Tauranga … Mr. James McKay (late Civil Commissioner) gave the following description — “He was a truculent, treacherous savage, who in the wars between the Thames and Tauranga tribes kept himself out of the fighting and danger by paying fast and loose with both sides alternately. During the Europeans' fighting at Tauranga he pursued the same tactics.” [Cowan: 1930]

Te Mutu was associated with Taraia and Hori Tupaea throughout his career. When the Arawa, under Captain Gilbert Mair, captured Tupaea on his way to join the Hauhau in 1865, Te Mutu composed a waiata to vent Ngaiterangi anger. When Mr. C.O. Davis published the waiata in the same year, he was prosecuted in Auckland for sedition. He was later acquitted after evidence as to the interpretation of the waiata was furnished by Bishop Selwyn and Archdeacon Maunsell. [A copy of the waiata, together with the preceding information, is in the ATL Manuscript Collection. MS Papers 39, folder 41. (Cowan).]

This painting by Robley, as well as the identical portrait by Lindauer, is copied from a photograph; a reproduction of which is included in “Moko; or Maori Tattooing”, [Robley: 1896] opposite the title page.

Reproduction

“Reminisciences & Maori Stories” [Mair: 1923] page 62

page 304

97a. Matene te Nga

  • w/c on white paper

  • image: 170 × 140 mm.

  • support: 325 × 205 mm.

  • sign.: (w/c) lower right “H.G. Robley

  • Canterbury Museum Collection E-121–9

  • Presented by Sir Robert Heaton-Rhodes M.P., 1921

Inscriptions

Recto: (ink, R's hand) bottom

“4/ Tattooing/Portrait of Matene Te Nga for history see over/ 9”

Verso: (ink, R's hand) lower page

“aged 98/ born 1800/ sole survivor of Hongi's raid on the Thames 1821/ 9/ when the Totara Pah of the Ngatimaru tribe was taken/ & 1000 of its defenders slain — Te Nga was then a renowned young warrior, and got out of the doomed/ fort, leading to a place of safety, a band of women and children (at this age was quite strong and active/ 1898 (Gilbert/ Mair NZC/ &c)”

97b. Matene te Nga

  • w/c on white card

  • image: 211 × 184 mm.

  • support: 218 × 190 mm.

  • sign.: (w/c) lower left “H.G. Robley

  • VUW Collection Fildes NZ Portfolio/2

  • Provenance: Fildes Collection

Inscriptions

Recto: (ink, R's hand) lower right

Matene Te Nga

Verso: (ink, R's hand) whole page

[similar to a). above.]
page 305

97c. Matene te Nga

  • w/c & ink on white cart.

  • 230 × 185 mm.

  • NMNZ Collection FA 726

  • Purchased from the Artist by the NZ Govt, 1905

Inscriptions

Recto: (ink, R's hand) bottom

“A Chief now 98 years old 1902.” [See Notes]

(pencil, R's hand) bottom

“Tatu on living Maori”

(pencil, ? hand) bottom right

Matene Te Nga

97d. Matene te Nga

  • w/c on white paper

  • 217 × 188 mm.

  • sign.: (w/c) lower right “H. G. Robley

  • HBAGM Collection MMC 141

  • Presented by Lady McLean, Napier, 1930's

Inscriptions

Verso: (pencil, HBAGM staff) upper centre

“MMC 141/ Matene Te Nga age 98 years.”

Notes: Robley painted te Nga in 1865–66. [Fildes: 1921 p. 101]

The inscription of c) is incorrect, Matene te Nga died in 1899, at Kiri kiri, aged 99 years.

“I think Nga is fairly done as a portrait” [Robley-Fildes: 1921. VUW Fildes/ 10a.]

“Matene te Nga — Mair's friend — died 4 days before 1900 … [he] had lots of space for more [moko] on his face …” [Robley-Adams: 1924. ATL MS16/9.]

Matene te Nga was the son of Rongotukiterangi & Te Tiki, and the father of Kataraina. [Steedman: 1985 p. 144.]

page break

98a. Hori Ngatai

  • w/c on white cart.

  • 230 × 180 mm.

  • NMNZ Collection FA 1599

Inscriptions

Verso: (ink, R's hand) whole page

“[Tat]tooing Pongiangia nostrils [M]oko rerepehi lines to chin Kauae chin pattern/ * by this mail a pounamu whakakai — e mau ana ki te taringa o te tangata, and I hope you will wear/ it in remembrance of the old days when we fought/ together side by side Heoi ana/ Na tau hoa aroha Na/ Hori Ngatai
Hori Ngatai.
Chief and Orator/ Ngaiterangi tribe [illeg.] the following letter — which is/ printed in Page 45 of “Pounamu”/ and addressed to the artist -
Tauranga NZ 30 Novr 1901

Te teniere Ropere E hoa tena koe/ kia ora koe Ma te Atua koe e tiaki/ Heoi te mihi

I have received your letter of 12th October, and my/ heart is exceedingly glad — of all your old friends/ mentioned in your letter, I alone am left; all/ are gone — when the Duke of Cornwall came to Rotorua/ I was presented to him, and as the Chief of the/ Bay of Plenty tribes received a medal in honour of his/ visit, and on behalf of the natives generally,/ would now like to express their extreme pleasure at the/ Royal Visit — I am now an old man, and am unable to/ say all I would wish to you — but I am sending you */ continued above.”

98b. Hori Ngatai

  • w/c on white paper

  • 279 × 179 mm.

  • HBAGM Collection MMC 815

  • Presented by Lady McLean, Napier, 1930's

Inscriptions

Recto: (ink, R's hand) bottom

Hori Ngatai 1902/ see letter page 45 of “Pounamu”.”
page 306

98c. Hori Ngatai

  • w/c on white paper

  • image: 175 × 160 mm.

  • support: 325 × 205 mm.

  • sign.: (w/c) lower right “H. G. Robley

  • Canterbury Museum E-121-9

  • Presented by Sir Robert Heaton-Rhodes M. P., 1921

Inscriptions

Recto: (chinese white, R's hand) lower right corner

Hori Ngatai

(ink, R's hand) foot of page

“5 Tattooing and/ Portrait of HORI NGATAI/ 12”

Verso: (ink, R's hand) lower page

“Orator of the Ngaiterangi/ fought at the Gate Pah/ wrote a good account of the forces, and/ the fight/ 12 (named his grandson Te Ropere — pronunciation/ of name of the artist — H. G. Robley).”

98d. Hori Ngatai

  • w/c on white cart.

  • image: 230 × 215 mm.

  • support: 252 × 220 mm.

  • sign.: (ink) lower left “H. G. Robley

  • VUW Collection Fildes NZ Portfolio/2

  • Provenance: Fildes Collection

Inscriptions

Recto: (ink, R's hand) lower right

Hori Ngatai

(ink, R's hand) bottom left

Hori Ngatai

Verso: (ink, R's hand) whole page

“Portrait of/ “Hori Ngatai”/ orator of the Ngaiterangi tribe/ (East Coast)
he presented the artist with/ and ancestral greenstone ornament/ in 1901/ see page 45 “Pounamu”/ or NZd Greenstone/ H. G. Robley.”
page 307

Notes:Hori Ngatai was a fine specimen of his race, tall and straight, with clear cut intelligent feature, and was tattooed on both cheeks and chin with the patterns known as rerepehi and kauae and … pongiangia … He was one of the heroes of Gate Pa and when he died in 1912 at Whareroa, Tauranga harbour, was the patriarchal chief of the Ngaiterangi tribe, and had become a most industrious and successful farmer. Many years ago he did me the honour of naming one of his grandsons after me, his old hoa riri or fighting friend Te Ropere (Robley), and in 1901 he forwarded to me in London a valuable greenstone ear pendant, a whakakai pounamu, having a slight curve at its lower end, in remembrance of the days when we fought and of our subsequent friendship.” [Robley. Fildes: 1921. p. 81]

“I drew [Hori Ngatai] in 64 & see mistakes in tattooing in the print picture from touched up photos — so this portrait in his old age has the real moko he had.” [Robley-Fildes: 1923. VUW Fildes/10.]

Hori Ngatai, before he died, he wrote that one grandson was named by him Te Tuki, the “Duke” of Cornwall, and another was for old friendship “Te Ropere” — I sent this boy a suit of clothes, as suggested by a Mr Fergusson of Otamoiti (sic.) who married with Ngatai family — he died after return to NZ but gave them.” [Robley-Fildes: 1920. VUW Fildes/10.]

The drawing of Ngatai which Robley says he completed in 1864 is different to these examples, all of which are copied from an often reproduced photograph of Ngatai. A reproduction of that photograph forms the frontispiece in “The Story of Gate Pa”. [Mair: 1926]. Hori Ngatai's account of the ‘Battle of Gate Pa’ appears in the same publication.

Either the Te Ropere mentioned is a different person to Hamiora Tu Ropere, or Robley misunderstood the nature of the relationship between Ngatai and the boy. Certainly Heni Ngatai, Hori Ngatai's daughter, was a contemporary of Harate, Robley's ‘wife’ and mother of Hamiora Tu Ropere.

page 308

99. Paora, Ngaiterangi, 1864

  • ink & w/c on white cart.

  • 130 × 117 mm.

  • sign.: (w/c) lower right corner “G. Robley

  • NMNZ Collection FA 742

  • Purchased from the Artist by the N.Z. Govt, 1905

Inscriptions

Verso: (w/c, R's hand) upper page

“Paora/Ngaiterangi/1864”

(w/c, R's hand) lower page

“partly tatued/G. Robley

(ink, R's hand) upper centre

“left nostril/& upper nose not completed”

(Dencil, R's hand)

[sketch of Maori girl with hat on [→]]
“Young Maori Girl”

Robley Album: (ink, R's hand)

“28/Paora Ngaiterangi/left nostril tatu not begun/upper scrolls on both sides of/bridge of nose — not completed/to the centre/G. Robley 1865.”

Reproduction.

Moko; or Maori Tattooing.” [Robley: 1896] figure 119.

99. “Moko; or Maori Tattooing” figure 119

99. Moko; or Maori Tattooing figure 119

page break
100. “Moko; or Maori Tattooing” figure 27

100. Moko; or Maori Tattooing figure 27

page 309

100a. Tutu Ngarahu (rifle)

  • ink & wash on white paper

  • 273 × 190 mm.

  • sign.: (ink) lower right “G.R.”

  • Hocken Library Collection Ms 488

  • Provenance: Hocken Collection

Inscriptions

Recto: (ink, R's hand) lower page

Tutungarahu/-/ Maori/War Dance.”

Verso: (ink, R's hand)

M. General G. Robley/7. St. Alban's Place/Regent St, SW”

100b. Arawa soldier warning off (mere)

  • w/c & pencil on white paper

  • 305 × 198 mm

  • NMNZ Collection FA 1703

  • Provenance: Fildes Collection

Inscriptions

Verso: (ink, R's hand) lower page

“Arawa/warrior/warning off/drawing Maketu Pa/Septr 1865/The design of/this thigh tattooing is also drawn/by Durvile (sic.) — 1826 -/ was rare in 1865 — only saw once/but also a hip exact size is drawn in/ ‘Moko’/the feathers/of the Huia were getting rare/bird is extinct nearly.”

100c. Tutu Ngarahu (tewhatewha)

  • black w/c & ink/wash on white cart.

  • 324 × 254 mm

  • sign.: (w/c) lower right “H.G. Robley

  • NMNZ Collection FA 1641

  • Provenance: Fildes Collection

Inscriptions

Recto: (w/c, R's hand) lower left

Tutu Ngarahu

Verso: (pencil, R's hand) centre

Hoete Paetirori -/ an old Arawa warrior/Tauranga 1865”

(pencil, R's hand) lower centre

“Hoete Paetiroa (sic.)/tutu ngarahu.”
page 310
100b. Arawa soldier warning off National Museum of New Zealand

100b. Arawa soldier warning off
National Museum of New Zealand

page 311

100d. Tutu Ngarahu (tewhatewha)

  • black w/c & ink on white paper

  • 280 × 216 mm

  • sign.: (w/c) lower right “H.G. Robley

  • HBAGM Collection MMC 235

  • Presented by Lady McLean, Napier, 1930's

Inscriptions

Recto: (ink, R's hand) lower left

“Tutu Ngarahu”

Mt. Verso: (ink, R's hand)

“Carved Gate, Maketu, 1864/and an Arawa chief/whose face and body tattooing/of the best art is quivering, as/he wields the “Tewha tewha”/with its “puhi” (wild pigeon's feathers) (2).”

100e. Maori War Dance (tewhatewha)

  • w/c & ink on white paper

  • image: 226 × 168 mm

  • support: 254 × 194 mm

  • sign.: (w/c) lower right “G. Robley

  • NMNZ Collection FA 724

Inscriptions

Recto: (w/c, R's hand) lower left

Maori War Dance

(ink, R's hand) bottom

Moko/Quiverin in the War Dance

100f. Maori War Dance (rifle)

  • ink on white paper

  • 279 × 215 mm. (sight)

  • sign.: (ink) lower right “G. Robley

  • ATL Manuscript Collection MS16/4

  • Provenance: Craig-Brown Collection

Inscriptions

Recto: (ink, R's hand) lower centre

“Maori War Dance.”
page 312

Notes: “It seems that Captn. [Gilbert] Mair was quartered at Maketu with his Native Contingent troops, of which Wehi Peihana was a distinguished member and was this day on guard at the pa gateway when Ensign Robley arrived on some military duty and presented himself at the gate seeking entrance but was held up by Wehi who gesticulated in such a hostile manner and pukana-d ferociously. By some means Capt. Mair was apprized of what was going on and, appearing on the scene, pacified the guard and soothed Robley's ruffled feelings. Robley however, with an artistic instinct, was fascinated by the glamour of the scene; and got Mair to persuade Wehi Peihana there and then to pose for his portrait.” [Adams: 1924. Tauranga Museum.]

The Maori sentry who originally challenged Robley was Hoete Paetirori. It was some time later that the artist decided to render an image of the event: “Hoete having died in the meantime, Wehi Peihana, the frightened Pheasant, was utilized …” [G. Mair-H.R. Brett: 1923 ATL MS 148/32]

This drawing was used as the model for a statue in the American Museum of Natural History (New York), in 1916. A photograph of the statue, in the Alexander Turnbull Library Manuscript Collection, bears the following inscription:

“This photograph was sent by the American Museum of Natural History to Gen. Robley 1916 after using his picture. But moko, on the face of figure [and] “whakairo” [on the] thigh [of figure] is very incorrectly copied — H. G. R. 12/9/16.” [Robley: 1916. ATL MS16/6.]

A Rotorua photographer Arthur Iles, used this as a ‘Trade Mark’, reproducing it on postcards and envelopes. [VUW. Fildes/11a.]

Reproductions.

  • Moko; or Maori Tattooing.” [Robley: 1896] figure 27.

  • “Reminisciences and Maori Stories.” [Mair: 1923] page 9.

  • “Weekly Press.” 13/9/1911.

page 313

101a. Pekaka (1864)

  • w/c on white cart.

  • 76 × 66 mm.

  • NMNZ Collection FA 1890

  • Purchased from the Artist by the N.Z. Govt, 1905

Inscriptions

Verso: (ink, R's hand) centre

“Pekaka/Ngaiterangi tribe”

(ink, R's hand) top

Pekaka/who fought”

(ink, R's hand) lower centre

“1864/G. Robley

Robley Album: (ink, R's hand)

“25/[Wa]rriors — 1864/“Pekaka” portrait/G. Robley/fought 1864/sketched at Te Papa surrender/not right nostril tatu not completed.”

101b. Pikaka (sic.) (1864)

  • w/c on white paper

  • 172 × 172 mm.

  • sign.: (w/c) centre left “H.G. Robley

  • HBAGM Collection MMC 826

  • Presented by Lady McLean, Napier, 1930's

Inscriptions

Recto: (pencil, R's hand) bottom left

“Pikeka (sic.)”
page 314

101c. Pikaka (sic.)

  • w/c on white paper

  • image: 130 × 110 mm.

  • support: 325 × 205 mm.

  • Canterbury Museum Collection E-121-9

  • Presented by Sir Robert Heaton-Rhodes M.P., 1921

Inscriptions

Recto: (w/c, R's hand) lower right

Pikaka (sic.)”

(ink, R's hand) lower page

“The Tattooing and/Portrait of Pikaka — a Ngaiterangi 1864/5”

Verso: (ink, R's hand) lower page

“(H.G. Robley)/one of the East Coast fighting men/as at the Mission Stations tattooing/was forbidden — such as were converted/before their moko was completed/discontinued the task, and remained/as they were, The effect was curious, when they/appeared partly plain, partly tattooed/5.”

Notes: Robley painted Pekaka in 1865–66. [Fildes: 1921. p. 101].

102. Old & New, 1865

  • w/c on white cart.

  • 150 × 118 mm.

  • NMNZ Collection FA 2200

  • Purchased from the Artist by the N.Z. Govt, 1905

Inscriptions

Verso: (pencil, R's hand) upper centre

“old & new/1865”

(pencil, R's hand) lower page

“Tauranga”

Robley Album: (ink, R's hand)

“41/Old & New/Tauranga 1865 -/ Netana Tauihu

Note: This work shows an elderly man (Netana Tauihu) holding a small child.

page 315

103. Taraia

  • w/c on white paper

  • 179 × 149 mm.

  • sign.: (w/c) lower centre “H.G. Robley

  • HBAGM Collection MMC 821

  • Presented by Lady McLean, Napier, 1930's.

Inscriptions

Recto: (w/c, R's hand) bottom

“Taraia 1864/ No. 16.”

Notes: Taraia Ngatuki te Tumuhuia, Ngatitamatera hapu, Ngatimaru. A sensational reputation developed around Taraia, based on the claim that he was one of the last Maori to have eaten human flesh, in 1842. [John White's “Ancient History of the Maori” vol. 6. p. 154.]

“I did draw Taraia, out of curiosity about his 1842 affair.” [Robley-Fildes: 1921 VUW Fildes Collection/10a.]

“The interpreter … showed me Taraia that day [Xmas Sports, Te Papa, 1865]” [Robley-Taine: 1921 T.E.R. Hodgson Collection.]

“A NZ lady has written on health, Diet &c, & praised Maori diet — but I do remember in '65 I had a chat with Taraia — Baker interpreting. I felt so interested in his, T's, views.” [Robley-Adams: n/d. ATL MS16/9.]

This portrait is based on a photograph which was reproduced in the “Weekly Press” of 8th October, 1913. It is not certain that the photograph is of Taraia.

Reproduction

A likeness of Taraia appears in “Moko; or Maori Tattooing.” [Robley: 1896] as figure 24.

page 316

104a. Henare Taratoa

  • w/c on white paper

  • 203 × 159 mm.

  • sign.: (ink) upper centre “H.G. Robley

  • HBAGM Collection MMC 130

  • Presented by Lady McLean, Napier, 1930's

Inscriptions

Recto: (ink, R's hand) whole page

Henare Taratoa/killed at Gate Pa/29 April 1864/portrait H.G. Robley/Notes/He drafted the famous native/order, for the protection of unarmed or wounded men/and the respectful treatment/of the dead./This was in the East Coast Campaign./Whilst on 2 April 1864 at/Ahuahu (Taranaki 5 men/were decapitated/Captn Lloyd 57th head/was taken about the country as a trophy./Monument in Lichfield Cathedral.”

104b. Henare Taratoa

  • w/c on white paper

  • 185 × 182 mm.

  • sign.: (ink) lower right “H.G. Robley

  • HBAGM Collection MMC 825

  • Presented by Lady McLean, Napier, 1930's

Inscriptions

Verso: (ink, R's hand) lower page

[similar to a). see notes]

104c. Portrait of Taratoa

  • w/c & pencil on white cart.

  • 228 × 182 mm.

  • sign.: (w/c) lower right [↑] “H.G. Robley

  • ATL Picture Collection A33/11

Inscriptions

Recto: (w/c, R's hand) lower left

“The Flagstaff/60 Paces/in rear”

Verso: (ink, R's hand) whole page

[similar to a). see notes]

"Black and white line drawing of a red war flag with a white cross, new moon and 5-pointed star, attached to a flagstaff.

red
{cross
white {new moon
{star 5 points"
page 317

104d. Taratoa

  • w/c on white cart.

  • image: 190 × 177 mm.

  • support: 254 × 177 mm.

  • sign.: (w/c) lower right “H.G. Robley

  • VUW Collection Fildes NZ Portfolio/2

  • Provenance: Fildes Collection (purchased from Artist, 1928.)

Inscriptions

Recto: (ink, R's hand) lower centre

Taratoa

Verso: (ink, R's hand) whole page

[similar to a). see notes]

104e. Henare Taratoa

  • w/c & ink on white paper

  • image: 177 × 180 mm.

  • support: 245 × 180 mm.

  • sign.: (ink) bottom right “H.G. Robley

  • AIM Collection PD48(51)

Inscriptions

Recto: (ink, R's hand) bottom

“2/Henare Taratoa/History at Gate Pa/April 29/ 1864/killed 21 June 1864.”

Verso: (ink, R's hand) whole page

[similar to a). see notes]

104f. Henare Taratoa

  • w/c on white paper

  • 220 × 171 mm.

  • sign.: (w/c) lower right [↑] “H.G. Robley

  • Tauranga Museum Collection (no class.)

  • Provenance: J.C. Adams Collection

Inscriptions

Verso: (ink, R's hand) whole page

[similar to a). see notes]
page 318

104f. Henare Taratoa — a chief of the Ngaiterangi Tribe, 1864

  • w/c on white paper

  • 82 × 82 mm.

  • WMAH Collection 1977/65/1

  • Purchased from Parnham Gallery, Hamilton; October, 1977.

Inscriptions

as a). above
104. Henare Taratoa reproduced from ‘The story of Gate Pa’ [Mair: 1926 opp. page 8]

104. Henare Taratoa
reproduced from ‘The story of Gate Pa’ [Mair: 1926 opp. page 8]

page 319

104. Notes: “Several historians have written that Henare Wiremu Taratoa was killed at Gate Pa, one stating he was shot by our men when in the act of procuring water for the mortally wounded Colonel Booth, but such happily was not the case. He however met his death at Te Ranga, and though seen by me I did not draw him as he was not a tattooed maori, but in after years I made a watercolour of him from a portrait. His brother, Te Rau, was killed at Gate Pa. Taratoa was a chief of the Ngaiterangi residing at Opounui, a settlement on the inner side of … Matakana Island … He was a young man of pleasing appearance with a face lightly covered with slight whiskers … he had received religious instruction at St. John's College [Auckland] and was appointed a layreader and native school-teacher at Otaki in 1858 … On his body was found a document in Maori addressed to the fighting men, it opened with a prayer and concluded with the words, “If thine enemy hunger, feed him; if he thirst, give him drink.” When George Selwyn became Bishop of Lichfield in 1868 a sum of money was subscribed by [those] to whom he had ministered during the Maori War, and with this he caused to be procured a series of richly coloured windows … the most remarkable … being to the memory of Henare Taratoa … It represents King David pouring out the water which his three soldiers fetched at the risk of their lives from the well of Bethlehem. (I Chron. XI. 17–19.)” [Robley. Fildes: 1921 page 74.]

The portrait from which this work is copied, is reproduced in New Zealand Wars. [Cowan: 1955] page 437.

“I send this mail to Tauranga a portrait of Taratoa to some relative asking — I showed it last year to a Maori trooper, so he must have reported it, or returned & told, Te Koutou by name.” [Robley-Mair: 1918 ATL qMS/1898–1922]

It is generally accepted that it was Heni Pore (Jane Foley) and not Henare Taratoa who procured water for Colonel Booth:

“She [Heni Pore] should not be denied of the credit of tending our wounded and dying, the attempts were subsequently made to give the credit to one Te Ipu who had his ankle smashed early on the day … Then Bishop Selwyn evidently believed that the good samaritan was Henare Taratoa, and now Ngaiterangi declare that it was Rawiri Puhirake and Te Rewiti … but … there is no getting away from the fact that they dying Colone] Booth informed General Cameron that it was a woman who administered to him …” [Mair-Cowan: 1922. ATL MS Papers 39].

“Now I never knew or heard of H. Taratoa — no one sent me.” [Heni Pore-Cowan: 1926 ATL MS Papers 39].

page 320

Taratoa's letter to the Imperial Forces, setting out the rules of conduct for Pukehinahina and Te Rangaranga was based on a similar letter written by Rawiri Puhirake in 1862 [see Edward Shortland Papers, Hocken Library].

Henare Taratoa [was not Ngaiterangi but] of the Ngati Raukawa tribe. [He] became a Christian at an early age, taking the names of the missionary Henry Williams — Henare Wiremu … In 1861 Henare Taratoa was teaching at the Mission School in Tauranga …” [Mikaere: 1984]

Reproductions.

page 321

105. Hamiora Tu

  • w/c & ink on white cart.

  • 221 × 131 mm.

  • NMNZ Collection FA 735

  • Purchased from the Artist by the N.Z. Govt, 1905

Inscriptions

Verso: (ink, R's hand) centre

“[Taur]anga/ [cropped.]t in European dress.”

Robley Album: (ink, R's hand)

“49/ with whiskers/shaved chin/tatued/Hamiora Tu/ (had tatued thighs)/Guide Tauranga field force -/ G. Robley.”

Notes:Hamiora Tu was, with his cousing Raniera te Hia hia, a Maori guide with the 68th Durham Light Infantry during their time in the Bay of Plenty. The family relationship between Hamiora Tu and Robley's son, Hamiora Tu Ropere, is difficult to divine.

“Hamiora Tu descendant [Hamiora Tu Ropere] is at Matapihi, Tauranga. I sent him a portrait of the guide — but H.T. is one of the new generation & writes very well — perhaps doesn't like Te Rape [tattooing on buttocks] on his ancestor.” [Robley-J. McDonald: 1905. NMNZ Ethn.]

Hamiora Tu was a chief of the Ngaiterangi tribe … He was a large land-owner in Tauranga district and received large reserves within the confiscated district in consideration for his services.” [Cowan: 1930. p. 148].

106. Penetaka “Moko; or Maori Tattooing” figure 129

106. Penetaka
Moko; or Maori Tattooing” figure 129

page 322

106. Penetaka (1864)

  • w/c on white cart.

  • 106 × 87 mm.

  • NMNZ Collection FA 1139

  • Purchased from the Artist by the N.Z Govt, 1905

Inscriptions

Recto: (ink, R's hand) lower left

“Penetaka”

Verso: (ink, R's hand) centre

Penetaka who/planned Gate Pa.”

(ink, R's hand) lower page

“& signature/1864/ G. Robley

(penil, R's hand) lower centre

“Penetaka chief/of/Otamoiti (sic.)”

(pencil, R's hand) upper page

“shirt/he/old shawl/old cap”

(ink Illustrated London New Agent) top centre

3918

Notes:Penetaka Tuaia, chief of Pirirakau or Ngati Ranginui hapu, was no untried warrior, for he had been sharing in all the fighting of the last thirty years … [Gate Pa was] constructed under the superintendence of Penetaka …, a proof of his skills as an engineer. [His usual inhabitance was Poteriwhi, the L-shaped pa of Wairoa, which he also designed. After the surrender of the Ngaiterangi to the British at Te Papa, 25th July 1864 (see Cat. No. 38)] Penetaka … went back to his native village on the Wairoa River and with the exception of a short defection to the Hau hauism towards the end of the year, ever remained on friendly terms with us, establishing a flour mill and cultivating the lands allowed him” [Robley. Fildes: 1921.]

Reproduction.

Moko; or Maori Tattooing” [Robley: 1986] figure 129.

page 323

107. Young Maori in European Clothes

  • w/c on white cart.

  • 142 × 230 mm.

  • NMNZ Collection FA 835

  • Purchased from the Artist by the N.Z. Govt, 1905

Inscriptions

Recto: (pencil, R's hand) lower left

“Tu ai a”

Verso: (ink, R's hand) right margin [↓]

“Young Maori in European clothes.”

(pencil, R's hand) whole page, inverse

[annotated sketch of ‘Plan of Gate Pa’.]

(ink, R's hand) bottom, inverse

“Trenches at the Pukehinahina Pa”

Robley Album: (ink, R's hand)

“47/young Maori partly tatued (sic.)/possessor of a suit, and glass windows
On back of this sketch is a plan of the positions — my regt. 68th in place/behind the Gate Pa, and its flank swamps — route around at low tide 1864/G. Robley.”

Notes: This may be a relation of Rawiri Tuaia (Pukirake) or Penetaka Tuaia.

Reproduction.

“The Maori in European Art.” [Bell: 1980] plate 58.

108. Portrait at Waikare, Tauranga (1866)

  • w/c on white cart.

  • 131 × 115 mm.

  • NMNZ Collection FA 2151

  • Purchased from the Artist by the NZ Govt, 1905

Inscriptions

Verso: (ink, R's hand) centre

“at Waikeri (sic.)/Tauranga/portrait/1866.”
page 324

109. Portrait of a fighting man (1864)

  • w/c & pencil on white cart.

  • 218 × 130 mm.

  • NMNZ Collection FA 2201

  • Purchased from the Artist by the NZ Govt, 1905

Inscriptions

Recto: (w/c, R's hand) bottom

[illeg.]

Verso: (ink, R's hand) centre right [↓]

“Portrait of a fighting man in [illeg.] old blanket/Ngaititapu.”

Robley Album:

33/warrior of 1864/one of the fighing Ngatipikao (sic.)/1864/wearing hair over tatu/G. Robley/a portrait/Te Matangi Puwoakaoho (sic.)”

Notes: The name given in the last inscription above, should be Te Matengi Puwhakaoho, of Ngatipikiao. It is not clear whether this, or the Ngaititapu tribal label, inscribed on the verso of the work itself, is correct.

110. [Maori male holding rifle]

  • ink/wash on white paper

  • 92 × 104 mm.

  • VUW Collection Fildes 127 (see notes)

  • Provenance: Fildes Collection

Inscriptions

Recto: (ink, R's hand) upper left

“line 10/page 113/0 NZ/ explained to me.”

(ink, Fildes' hand) lower right [↑]

H.G. Robley 27.4.1927.”

Notes: This drawing is affixed to the first page verso of an 1863 edition of “Old New Zealand” by ‘A Pakeha Maori’ (Frederick Maning). Line 10, page 113 reads [“father; “and that if I do not come down”] and relates to muru, in response to the death of a grandfather.

page 325

111. [Male Maori with musket.]

  • ink & pencil on brown paper

  • 148 × 87 mm.

  • ATL Picture Collection A80/50

  • Acc. No: 78–642

  • Provenance: Donne/Fuller; purchased from Webster Estate, 1970.

112. Weilding the Tewhatewha

  • ink/wash on white paper

  • 325 × 202 mm.

  • sign.: (ink) lower right “G.R.”

NMNZ Collection (no class.)

Inscriptions

Recto: (ink, R's hand) bottom page

“Weilding the Tewhatewha. In a moment it/could be swung round & grasped in the other hand/to deliver a blow, or parry — striking was not done with/the rounded edge — this blade was for weight, — and to/keep the weapon travelling straight for a blow — The/pointed end was used for stabbing/[sign.]”

Note: This subject is similar to “A Maori objects to being sketched”. (Cat. No. 113)

113. A Maori objects to being sketched

  • ink/wash on white paper

  • 241 × 190 mm.

  • sign.: (w/c) lower right corner “H.G. Robley

  • APL Collection NZ Prints 592

Inscriptions

Verso: (ink, R's hand) top

“in 1864/Maori objects to/being sketched by/H.G. Robley.”

(ink, R's hand) bottom

“wishing/Happy Xmas/& [?] New Year/[?]

Note: This subject is similar to “Welding the Tewhatewha” (Cat. No. 112).

page 326

114. Maori

  • ink/wash on green paper

  • 221 × 175 mm.

  • ATL Picture Collection E28/6

  • Provenance: Webster Collection; purchased Bethunes Auction, 1966

Inscriptions

Recto: (ink, R's hand) lower centre

Maori
112. Wielding the Tewhatewha National Museum of New Zealand

112. Wielding the Tewhatewha National Museum of New Zealand

page 327

115. New Zealander 1864

  • ink/wash on green paper

  • 221 × 175 mm.

  • sign.: (ink) lower right “H.G.R.”

  • ATL Picture Collection E 28/10

  • Provenance: Webster Collection; purchased Bethunes Auction, 1966

Inscriptions

Recto: (ink, R's hand) bottom

“New Zealander/1864”
115. New Zealand 1864 (detail) Alexander Turnbull Library

115. New Zealand 1864 (detail)
Alexander Turnbull Library