Instead of interspersing scientific names throughout the text it has been deemed best to relegate them to this glossary where only those interested need to read them.

A

• Agropyron = Native blue grass : a valuable fodder.

• Anthropophagous = Anthropos a human being, phago I eat (Greek).

• Aue = A Maori exclamation of astonishment.

• Austrian pine = Pinus austriaca.

B

• Bed bug = Cimex lectularius.

• Beeches = Nothofagus (incorrectly called birches by some).

• Biddy-biddy = Acœna spp.: native names hutiwai; piri piri.

• Bittern = Botaurus poiciloptilus: native name matuku.

• Blackberry = Rubus fruticosus.

• Blackbird = Turdus merula.

• Blightbird = Zosterops lateralis: native name kanohi mowhiti. Other common names wax-eye; white-eye.

• Blowfly = Blue-bottle = Calliphora quadrimaculata.

• Blowfly Brown = Tabanus impar.

• Blowfly Iridescent sheep maggot = Lucilia sericata.

• Blowfly Native = Telophilus trilineatus.

• Bluey = Colloquial name for a pack: a swag.

• Bracken fern = Pteridium esculentum.

• Broom, exotic = Cytisus scoparius.

• Broom, native = Carmichaelia australis.

• Bronzewing beetle = Odontria zealandica.

• Brown top = Agrostis tenuifolium.

• Buggy = An antiquated vehicle for light transport—usually to carry four persons and drawn by two light horses.

• Bush-lawyer = Rubus australis.

C

• Cabbage tree = Cordyline australis: native name ti.

• Carp = Cyprinus carpio.

• Catsear = Hypochaeris radiata.

• Cedar, atlantic = Cedrus atlantica.

• Cedar, of Lebanon = Cedrus libani.

• “Cedar” western red = Thuja plicata.

• Chaffinch = Fringilla coelebs.

• Chicory = Cictrorium intybus.

• Cicada = Melampsalta cingulata: M. muta.

• Cockatoo, white = Kakatoe galerita.

• Cocksfoot = Dactylis glomerata.

• Cocky = Cockatoo: a derisive name for a small farmer.

• Convolvulus = Calystegia tuguriorum.

• Corsican pine = Pinus laricio.

• Corvidae = Crow family.

• Cowgrass = Trifolium pratense perenne.

• Crested Grebe = Podiceps cristatus.

• Cricket = Gryllus servillei.

• Cuckoo, shining = Lamprococcyx lucidus: native name pipiwharauroa.

• Cuckoo, long-tailed = Urodynamis taitensis: native name koekoea.

D

• Dabchick = Podiceps rufopectus: native name weweia.

• Daisy, small native = Celmisia gracilenta.

• Dandelion (true) = Taraxacum officinale.

• Danthonia = Twenty-one varieties pilosa the best.

• Dasypodia selenophora = Literally “The hairy-footed moon carrier”. On the wings are beautiful crescent moons.

• Deodar = Cedrus deodara.

• Diamond black moth = Plutella maculipennis.

• Dock = Rumex obtusifolius.

• Dotterel, banded = Charadrius bicinctus: native name pohowera

• Duck, grey = Anas superciliosa: native name parera.

• Duck, paradise = Casarca variegata; native name putangitangi.

• Duck, spoonbill = Spatula rhynchotis: native name tete.

E

• Eel = Anguilla australis: A. aucklandi: native name tuna.

• E hoa = Literally “O friend”: the common Maori term of address.

• E noho = See noho.

• Etoile = Star: radiating point.

F

• Fantail = Rhipidura flatellifera: native name tiwakawaka.

• Five finger = Nothopanax arboreum; native name whauwhaupaku.

• Flax = swamp, Phormium tenax, hill, P. colensoi.

• Flea = Pulex irritans.

• Fly, house = Musca domestica.

• Forget-me-not = Myosotis.

• Fuchsia = Fuschia excorticata: native name of tree kotukutuku, of fruit konini.

• Fungus (“filthy-looking brown”) = Boletus luceus—said to supply nitrogen to the trees.

G

• Golden rod, velvet leaved = Verbascum thapsus.

• Golden rod, smooth leaved = V.

• Golden rod, blattaria.

• Goldfinch = Carduelis carduelis.

• Gorse = Ulex europaeus.

• Grasshopper = Phaulacridium marginale.

• Grebe, crested = Podiceps cristatus.

• Grebe, small = P. rufopectus: native name weweia.

• Grey warbler = Pseudogerygone igata: native name riroriro.

• Gull, black-backed = Larus domini-canus: native name karoro.

• Gull, mackerel = L. scopulinus: native name tarapunga.

H

• Haere = move: go.

• Haeremai = come hither: the Maori welcome.

• Haka = a Maori dance.

• Hapu = a family group : a subtribe.

• Hare = Lepus europaeus.

• Hawk, harrier = Circus gouldi: native name kahu.

• Hawk, sparrow = Falco novaesee landiae.

• Herehere = captive: prisoner.

• Hipi = sheep (adapted English).

• Hokioi = A fabulous war bird.

• House-sparrow = Passer domesticus.

• Huhu = Prionoplus reticularis.

• Hui = A meeting to talk things over.

• Human being = Homo sapiens: anthropos (Greek): tangata (Maori).

• Humble bee = Bombus terrestris.

I

• Ika = Fish.

• Inanga = Galaxias attenuatus: whitebait.

• Iridescent sheep maggot fly = Lucilia sericata.

• Iwi = Nation or head tribe.

K

• Kai = Food: a meal.

• Kainga = An unfortified village: literally a place of eating.

• Kai paipa = Smoking: literally pipe food.

• Kai tangata = Eat the human being: cannibal feast.

• Kahikatea = Podocarpus dacrydioides.

• Kaka = Nestor meridionalis: a native parrot.

• Kakahi = Diplodon lutulentus: fresh water mussel.

• Kapai = Good.

• Karamu = Coprosma robusta.

• Katipo = Latrodectus hasseltii: New Zealand's only poisonous spider.

• Kau = A cattle beast: a bull = stallion kau: cow = mare kau: a calf = kuao kau.

• Kehua = A ghost.

• Ki = To: towards.

• Kidney fern = Trichomanes reniforme.

• Kingfisher = Halycon vagans: Maori name kotare.

• Kokako = North Island or blue wattled crow: Glancopis wilsoni.

• Kokopu = Galaxias fasciatus: native trout.

• Korero = Talk: language.

• Koromiko = Hebe salicifolia: (Veronica).

• Koura = Palinurus edwardsii: “Fresh water crayfish”; a little larger than a prawn.

• Kowhai, yellow = Sophora tetraptera.

• Kowhai, red = Clianthus puniceus: native name Kowhai ngutu kaka—literally parrot's bill kowhai.

• Kumara = Ipomœa batatas: an edible tuber of the convolvulus family: commonly called “the sweet potato”.

• Kumi = A fabulous reptile.

L

• Lancewood = Pseudopanax crassi-folium: native name Horoeka.

• Larch = Larix decidua.

• Lark, ground = Anthus novae see-landiae: really a pipit: native name pihoihoi.

• Lark, sky = Alauda arvensis.

• Linnet = Acanthis cannabina

• Lizard, green-yellow = Naultinus greyi.

• Lizard, common brown = Lygosoma moco.

• Locust = Ædipoda cinerascens.

M

• Magma = Molten mass of which centre of the earth is supposed to be constituted.

• Mai mai = A covert.

• Makutu = Bewitchment: black magic.

• Mangai = Mouthpiece: the mouth.

• Manoao = Dracophyllum subulatum: a grass tree.

• Manuka = Leptospermum scoparium and L. ericoides. Commonly called tea tree.

• Maori bug = Platyzosteria novae-seelandiae: native name kekerengu. When crushed emits a dreadful stench.

• Mason fly = Trypoxylidae: Pison spinolae.

• Matai = Podocarpus spicatus.

• Maunga = A mountain.

• Meadow foxtail = Alopecurus pratensis.

• Microlœna stipoides = N.Z. rice grass: good grazing but has a peculiarly penetrating seed-head.

• Mistletoe (red) = Elytranthe tetra-petala.

• Moa = Dinornis, literally “The terrible bird”: stood up to twelve feet high: flightless.

• Mosquito = Culex iracundus.

• Morepork = Ninox novaeseelandiae; native name ruru: its cry resembles “more pork”.

• Muru = To plunder: wipe out.

N

• Naho naho = Small flying insects: midges.

• Nettle (native) = Urtica ferox: native name Onga onga.

• New chum = The colloquial name for a newcomer to N.Z.

• Ngarara = A fabulous monstrous reptile: a dragon.

• Nigger head = Carex secta.

• Noho = Sit. The Maori goodbye when the person farewelled remains, i.e., E noho!

O

• Ongaonga = Urtica ferox: the native shrub nettle.

• Oregon pine = Pseudo tsuga taxi-folia: Douglas fir.

P

• Pa = A fortified village.

• Pai = Good.

• Pakeha = A stranger, particularly an Englishman.

• Papa = The earth: father (adopted).

• Para bellum = Prepare for war.

• Paradise duck = Casarca variegata: native name putangitangi.

• Pau te hau = Literally “The breeze is done”: exhausted.

• Pheasant = Phasianus colchicus.

• Pigeon, native = Carpophaga novaeseelandiae: native names kereru: kuku.

• Pipit = Anthus novaeseelandiae: native name Pihoihoi.

• Poaka = Porker: pig: hog.

• Poa pratensis = Kentucky blue grass: highly valued in United States but not in New Zealand.

• Polecat = Putorius foetidus.

• Porangi = Extremely foolish: demented.

• Puff balls = Lycoperdon spp.

• Pouri = Sad.

• Pukeko = Porphyrio melanotus.

• Puriri = Vitex lucens.

• Puriri moth = Hepialus virescens.

Q

• Quail, Australian = Synoicus australis.

• Quail, Californian = Callipepla californica.

• Quail, New Zealand = Coturnix novaeseelandiae (now extinct).

R

• Rabbit = Lepus cuniculus.

• Ragwort = Senecio jacobæa.

• Rangatira = Gentleman: aristocrat.

• Rangi = The sky.

• Rat, native = Mus maorium.

• Rat, black = Mus rattus.

• Rat, brown = Mus norvegicus.

• Rata = Metrosideros robusta (North Island): M. lucida (South Island).

• Raupo = Typha angustifolia: the native bulrush.

• Red admiral butterfly = Vanessa gonerilla.

• Red clover = Trifolium pratense.

• Rep top = Agrostis vulgaris.

• Redwood = Sequoia sempervirens.

  page 303

• Reindeer moss = Cladonia (really a lichen).

• Reinga = A headland on north coast of New Zealand whence Maori spirits depart for Hawaiki.

• Rewa rewa = Knightea excelsa: N.Z. honeysuckle: a tree.

• Rhyncocephalia = Nose-headed reptiles.

• Rimu = Dacrydium cupressinum.

• Riri = Anger.

• Riro riro = Pseudogerygone igata grey warbler.

• Riwai = Solanum tuberosum: the potato.

• Rook = Corvus frugilegus.

• Runanga house = Tribal meeting house usually carved elaborately.

• Ryecorn = Secale cereale.

• Rye grass, Italian = Lolium itlicum.

• Rye grass, perennial = Lolium perenne.

S

• St. John's wort = Hypericum perforatum.

• Sandfly = Simulia australiense.

• Shags = Steganopodes; cormorants; native name kawau.

• Sheeps burnet = Poterium sanguisorba.

• Shepherd's basket = Clathrus cibarius.

• Skylark = Alauda arvensis.

• Sorrel = Rumex acetosella.

• Sparrow, house = Passer domesticus.

• Spiders = Arachnidae.

• Spinach (N.Z.) = Tetragonia expansa.

• Spoonbill duck = Spatula rhynchotis: native name tete.

• Spruces = Picea excelsa; P. rubra; P. nigra.

• Starling = Sturnus vulgaris.

• Stilt, pied = Himantopus leucocephalus: native name torea.

• Stoat = Mustela erminea.

• Suckling clover = Trifolium dubium.

• Supplejack = Rhipogonum scandens

• Swan, black = Chenopis atrata.

• Swede turnips = Brassica campestris.

T

• Taiaha = A Maori wooden weapon: used also as an emblem of authority.

• Taiapa = A Maori fence.

• Taihoa = Wait: delay: put off.

• Taipo = Goblin: devil.

• Tane = Personification of male procreating power: a husband: god of the forests.

• Tangata = Man.

• Tangi = Weeping: funeral.

• Taniwha = A fabulous monster.

• Tapu = Prohibited: sacred.

• Tara = The female organ of generation: sometimes the top of anything.

• Tarantula = Lycosa tarantula.

• Taro = Colocasia antiquorum: formerly a staple food.

• Tar weed = Bartsia viscosa.

• Taua = A war party.

• Tawa = Beilschmiedia tawa.

• Teal, black = Fuligula novaeseelandiae: native name Papango.

• Thrush = Turdus philomelus.

• Tika = Correct: all right.

• Tikarete = Cigarette (adapted word).

• Timeo Danaos et dona ferentes = I fear the Greeks even when bringing presents.

• Timothy = Phleum pratense.

• Tino = Very: superlative.

• Toa = Brave: a “tall” man.

• Tohunga = Magician; priest.

• Tomtit = Petroica toitoi: native name miromiro.

• Toru = Persoonia toru.

• Totara = Podocarpus totara.

• Trout, brown = Salmo fario.

• rainbow = Salmo irridens.

• Tuatara = Sphenodon punctatus: a reptile about twenty inches long: most ancient animal: has many peculiarities.

• Tui = Prosthemadera novaesee-landiae: the parson bird.

• Tutu = Coriaria ruscifolia: often called tupaki.

U

• Utu = Payment: compensation: revenge.

V

• Viper's bugloss = Echium vulgare.

W

• Waddy = Short, heavy stick: a small club.

• Wahine = Woman: wife.

• Wahi tapu = A burial ground: holy place.

• Wairua = A spirit.

• Water fern = Histiopteris incisa.

• Water groundsel = Senecio sylvatica.

• Weasel = Mustela vulgaris.

• Western red cedar = Thuja plicata.

• Western yellow pine = Pinus ponderosa.

• Weymouth pine = Pinus strobus.

• Whare = A Maori hut.

• Whitebait = Galaxias attenuatus: native name inanga.

• White butterfly = Pieris brassicae.

• White clover = Trifolium repens.

• White-eye = Zosterops lateralis.

Y

• Yellow hammer = Emberiza citrinella.

• Yorkshire fog = Holcus lanatus.