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The Pamphlet Collection of Sir Robert Stout: Volume 86
VIII.—The Classes and the Masses
VIII.—The Classes and the Masses.
| Mr. Giffen, "Essays in Finance," Vol. II., p. 467 | £720,000,000 |
| Mr. Mulhall, "Dictionary of Statistics," p. 246 | 818,000,000 |
| Professor Leone Levi (King's College, London), Times, 13th January, 1885 | 753,000,000 |
| Professor Alfred Marshall (Camb.), "Report on Industrial Remuneration Conference," p. 194 | 675.0. 000 |
| Mr. Giffen, "Essays in Finance," Vol. II., p. 467 | 550,000,000 |
| Mr. Mulhall, "Dictionary' of Statistics," p. 246 | 447,000,000 |
| Mr. J. S. Jeans, "Statistical Society's Journal," Vol. XLVIL, p. 631 | 600,000,000 |
| Prof. Leone Levi (as above) | 521,000,000 |
| Prof. A. Marshall (as above) | 500,000,000* |
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| P.—Total produce | £1,350,000,000 |
| W.—Income of manual-labor class | 500,000,000 |
| Income of the legal proprietors of the three natural monopolies of land, capital, and ability | £8 50,000,000† |
* These estimates, which are based on average rates of wages, multiplied by the number of workers, assume, however, reasonable regularity of employment, and take no account of the fact that much of the total amount of nominal wages is reclaimed from the workers in the shape of ground rent. Much must, therefore, be deducted to obtain their real net remuneration.
† In this connexion it may be mentioned that the total income of the charities of the United Kingdom, including endowments, amounts to £10,040,000, or little over 1 per cent. of the foregoing total. £2,040,000 of this, it may be added, is expended upon Bible societies alone (Mulhall, "Dictionary of Statistics," p. 78). The total cost of poor relief in 1890-1 was £10,565,756 (Statistical Abstract—C. 6718).