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The Pamphlet Collection of Sir Robert Stout: Volume 80a

XVI.—Pauperism

XVI.—Pauperism.

This Chart shows for the period 1855-1905 the number of paupers per 1,000 of population in (1) the United Kingdom; (2) England and Wales; (3) Scotland, and (4) Ireland.

The figures in each case relate to paupers of all classes (including insane paupers). The number of paupers given for England and Wales, Scotland and Ireland, respectively, is the mean of the number of persons in receipt of relief on certain days, viz., England and Wales on 1st July and 1st January in the succeeding year; Scotland on 15th January, 14th or 15th May, and 15th September; Ireland on the last day in the first week of each month from April in one year to March in the succeeding year. The figures for the United Kingdom are based on the totals of these mean numbers.

It will be seen that having regard to the increase in population the proportion of paupers in the United Kingdom has fallen since 1855, a result which is also shown by the figures for England and Wales and Scotland. In Ireland, however, where the population has declined very considerably during the period the number of paupers shows a large increase per 1,000 of population, although in more recent years the movement has been more or less parallel to that in England and Wales and Scotland.