A Biographical Sketch of the Author

Frederick William Frankland, actuary, was born at Manchester, England, April 18, 1854, son of Sir Edward Frankland, K.C.B., the scientific chemist and foreign secretary of the Royal Society, He was educated at University College School and at the University of London. In 1874 he became his father's private assistant at the chemical research laboratory in the South Kensington Science Schools. In 1875 failing health obliged him to emigrate to New Zealand, and in 1876 he entered the New Zealand civil service as a cadet. He was appointed actuary to the registry of Friendly Societies in 1878, actuary of the government life insurance department and registrar of Friendly Societies in 1884, government statist in 1886, and government insurance commissioner in 1889. In 1890 he returned to England and was appointed assistant actuary of the Atlas Assurance Co., London. In 1893 he became associate actuary of the New York Life Insurance Co. and came to New York city, where he assisted in the new departure of that company in the insurance on under-average lives. In 1891 he was a delegate from New Zealand to the International Congress of Hygiene and Demography. He is a fellow of the Royal Statistical Society of London, a fellow of the Institute of Actuaries of Great Britain and Ireland, a member of the Actuarial Society of America and a fellow of the American Mathematical Society, of the American Economic Association, and of the American Academy of Political Sciences. Mr. Frank land has written chiefly on mathematical, metaphysical, and sociological subjects, and is the author of various papers in the Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He was married April 30, 1879, to Miriam Symons of Foxton, New Zealand.—From The National Cyclopedia of American Biography.