I.—Population.

In 1850 the United Kingdom numbered	27,523,694
In 1860 the United Kingdom numbered	28,778,411
In 1870 the United Kingdom numbered	31,205,444
In 1880 the United Kingdom numbered	34,468,552
In 1881 the United Kingdom numbered	34,788,814

There is nothing discouraging here, surely. During the last ten years 3,275,000 persons, nearly 900 a day, have been added to our population, notwithstanding emigration, and a protracted agricultural and trade depression.

What is the economical condition of this population?

The following tables will indicate this:—

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Bearing in mind what was said under "Imports and Exports," a glance at this table shows that, fast as our population has increased, its command of wealth, and purchasing power in the world's markets has increased still faster; and that they exercised this power may be seen by the following table, which shows the consumption per head of population of some of those articles which our working classes consume most:—

Now let us take pauperism.