The Pamphlet Collection of Sir Robert Stout: Volume 14
Our Indian Empire
Our Indian Empire.
Important Dates in the History of British Power in India.
Sir Francis Drake's expedition, 1579.
Levant Co.'s Land expedition, 1580.
First commercial venture from England, 1591. (Three ships fitted out: one reached India.)
First Charter to the London Co. of Merchants, 1600. (Stock £72,000: 4 ships fitted out.) Charter renewed 1609, 1657, 1661, 1693, 1744.
Factories established at Surat, 1612.
Madras founded 1640 : made a Presidency, 1652.
Bombay ceded as part of dowry of Queen Catherine (Charles Second). 1662.
French settle at Pondicherry, 1668.
Calcutta purchased, 1698.
New East India Co. established, 1708.
Clive takes Arcot, 1751.
Surajah Dowla seizes Calcutta: (146 English crammed into the Black Hole Prison, 18 feet square, whence only 23 came forth alive next morning, 20th June), 1756.
Calcutta retaken by Clive, 2nd January, 1757.
Battle of Plassey, 23rd June, 1757.
Hyder Ali usurps Mysore, 1763-4.
Conquest of Patna, 1763.
Nabob of Oude subjected, 1765.
Clive obtains the Dewani by imperial grant, the Co. becoming receivers of the revenues of Bengal, Behar, and Orissa : a virtual British sovereignty of all these countries, 12th August, 1765.
Treaty with Nizam Ali. Northern Circars obtained, 1766.
Hyder Ali ravages the Carnatic, 1769.
Affairs of the East India Co. brought before Parliament, and a series of crimes and intrigues exposed. Warren Hastings Governor of Bengal, 1772.
India Bill provides resident Governor-Generalship in Bengal, to which other Presidencies subordinated. Supreme Court of Judicature at Calcutta : and all territorial correspondence henceforth to be laid before British Ministry, June, 1773.
Accusations against Warren Hastings, 1775—1795 (when acquitted).
Hyder Ali defeats the British, 1780.
Hyder Ali overthrown by Coote, 1782.
Tippoo Saib succeeds Hyder, and captures Cuddalore and Bednore, 1783.
Pitt establishes the Board of Control, to aid and control the executive of India, and superintend its territorial concerns, 1784.
Civil and Criminal Courts established, 1793.
Tippoo killed. Seringapatam captured and Mysore divided, 1799.
The Carnatic conquered, 1800.
The Nabob cedes Furruckabad territories, 1802.
Mahratta War. Wellesley's victory at Assaye, 1803.
War with Holkar. Bhurtpore taken, 1805.
Trade with India thrown open, 1813.
War with Nepaul (Ghoorkas forced to treaty), 1814—1816.
Pindaree War (successful), 1817—1818.
Burmese War. A great territory ceded and £1,000,000 indemnity paid, 1824-1826.
Malacca ceded by the Dutch in exchange for Bencoolen in Sumatra, 1824.
Singapore purchased, 1824.
Suttee (widow burning) abolished, 1829.
Trade to China thrown open, 1833.
Annexation of Coorg, 1834.
Afghan War with Dost Mahomed, 1838—1840.
Rising at Cabul. Murder of Burnes and Macnaghten, 1841.
Cabul evacuated under convention with Akbar Khan, who massacres 16,000 men, women, and children, and holds Lady Sale and others as hostages 6-13 January (rescued 21st September), 1842.
Scinde War. Battle of Meanee. Annexation of the Province by Sir Charles Napier, 1843.
Gwalior captured, 1843.
Danish Indian possessions purchased, 1815.
Sikh War. Lahore and Mooltan taken, and the Punjab annexed. Dhuleep Singh pensioned at £40,000 per annum, 1845—9.
Burmese War. Pegu annexed, 1851-2.
Nana Sahib (nephew of the ex-Peishwa of the Mahrattas) is refused continuance of his uncle's pension of £80,000, 1851.
First Indian Railway (Bombay to Tannah), 1853.
Nagpoor territories fall to the East India Co., on death of the Rajah, 1853.
Oude annexed, 1856.
Mutiny of the Native Army. In three months 30,000 men disbanded or deserted. Fearful outrages committed. Delhi seized from May to September. £433,620 collected for the widows and orphans of nine massacred garrisons and others. East India Company's government ceases, and the Queen proclaimed throughout India, 1857-8.
Guerilla disturbances under Tantia Topee and Nana Sahib finally suppressed, 1859.
Awful famine in N.W. Provinces, £114,807 raised by Mansion House Fund, 1861.
Great increase in Cotton cultivation, 1862.
Orissa famine, 1,500,000 persons perish. Official Report: the authorities blamed, 1866.
Assassination of Lord Mayo, the Viceroy (8th Feb.) £20,000 granted to children, and £1,000 a year to Lady Mayo, 1872.
Bengal famine. £125,000 raised in London. £6,500,000 expended on relief works by Government, and the famine kept under, 1874.
Queen proclaimed Empress of India at Delhi, 1st January, 1877.
Madras famine. Loan of £5,000,000authorized. 919,771 persons employed, and 1,326,971 gratuitously relieved. In London £515,200 raised by fund, 1877.
Native troops sent to Malta and removed to Cyprus, 1878.
Afghan War. The passes finally occupied, 1879.
page 110 page 111 page 112Presidencies and Provinces under the Administration of | Area in Square Miles. | Number of Towns and Villages. | Number of occupied. | Population, Census of 1881. | Density of Population to Square Mile. | Population according to previous Census. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Governor-General of India: | ||||||
Ajmere and Mhairwara | 2,711 | 739 | 64,118 | 460,722 | 169.9 | 396,331 |
Berar | 17,711 | 5,585 | 466,027 | 2,672,673 | 150.9 | 2,227,654 |
Coorg | 1,583 | 503 | 22,357 | 178,302 | 112.6 | 168,312 |
Andaman Islands (Port Blair) | 880 | 51 | 2,938 | 14,628* | 16.6 | 13,908 |
Governors: | ||||||
Madras | 139,900 | 52,051 | 5,653,082 | 30,868,504 | 220.6 | 31,281,177 |
Bombay (including Sind and Aden) | 124,192 | 24,605 | 2,827,995 | 16,489,274 | 132.7 | 16,308,343 |
Lieutenant-Governors: | ||||||
Bengal | 150,588 | 248,706 | 10,548,947 | 66,691,456 | 442.8 | 60,483,775 |
North-West Provinces and Oudh | 106,111 | 105,422 | 6,866,503 | 44,107,869 | 415.6 | 42,002,518 |
Punjab | 106,632 | 34,324 | 2,706,914 | 18,850,437 | 176.7 | 17,609,518 |
Chief Commissioners: | ||||||
Assam | 46,341 | 22,408 | 859,388 | 4,881,426 | 105.3 | 4,124,972 |
British Burma | 87,220 | 15,857 | 677,362 | 3,736,771 | 42.8 | 2,747,148 |
Central Provinces | 84,445 | 34,612 | 2,336,976 | 9,838,791 | 116.5 | 8,173,824 |
Total British Territory | 868,314 | 644,862 | 33,032,607 | 198,790,853 | 228.9 | 185,537,859 |
Native States: | ||||||
Baroda | 8,570 | 3,012 | 479,643 | 2,185,005 | 254.7 | 2,004,442 |
Central India Agency | 75,079 | 31,506 | 1,661,434 | 9,261,907 | 123.4 | ‡ |
Hyderabad | 81,807 | 20,398 | 1,859,600 | 9,845,594 | 120.3 | |
Mysore | 24,723 | 17,655 | 733,200 | 4,186,188 | 169.3 | 5,055,412 |
Rajputana Agency | 129,750 | 30,001 | 2,101,451 | 10,268,392 | 79.1 | |
Bengal | 36,634 | 16,059 | 487,827 | 2,845,405 | 77.6 | 2,221,943 |
North-West Provinces | 5,125 | 3,322 | 125,907 | 741,750 | 144.2 | 638,720 |
Punjab | 35,817 | 18,546 | 655,392 | 3,861,683 | 107.8 | |
Central Provinces | 28,834 | 11,242 | 375,283 | 1,709,720 | 59.3 | 1,049,710 |
Madras | 9,638 | 4,971 | 685,447 | 3,344,849 | 347.0 | 3,260,493 |
Bombay | 73,753 | 13,191 | 1,351,367 | 6,941,249 | 94.1 | 6,801,440 |
Total Native States | 509,730 | 169,903 | 10,516,551 | 55,191,742 | 108.2 | |
Grand Total India | 1,378,044 | 714,765 | 43,549,158 | 253,982,595 | 184.3 |
Presidencies. Provinces, and States. | Hindus. | Mahomedans. | Aboriginals. | Buddhists. | Christians. | Sikhs. | Jains. | Parsis. | Jews. | Others. | Total. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ajmere | 376,029 | 57,809 | 2,225 | 182 | 24,308 | 75 | 94 | 460,722 | |||
Assam | 3,062,148 | 1,317,022 | 488,251 | 6,563 | 7,093 | 14 | 158 | 177 | 4,881,426 | ||
Bengal | 45,452,806 | 21,704,724 | 2,055,822 | 155,809 | 128,135 | 549 | 1,609 | 156 | 1,059 | 36,192 | 69,536,861 |
Berar | 2,425,654 | 187,555 | 37,338 | 1 | 1,335 | 525 | 20,020 | 242 | 3 | 2,672,673 | |
Bombay | 17,834,985 | 3,774,360 | 931,894 | 12 | 145,154 | 127,130 | 498,443 | 73,973 | 9,023 | 689 | 23,395,663 |
British Burma | 88,177 | 168,881 | 3,251,584 | 84,219 | 5 | 83 | 204 | 143,618 | 3,736,771 | ||
Central Provinces | 8,703,110 | 285,687 | 1,753,917 | 17 | 11,973 | 99 | 45,911 | 399 | 63 | 747,335 | 11,548,511 |
Coorg | 162,489 | 12,541 | 3,152 | 99 | 21 | 178,302 | |||||
Madras | 28,497,666 | 1,933,571 | 1,546 | 711,072 | 24,962 | 143 | 30 | 1,641 | 31,170,631 | ||
North-West Provinces, including Oudh | 38,555,121 | 6,162,900 | 103 | 47,673 | 3,644 | 79,957 | 114 | 101 | 6 | 44,849,619 | |
Punjab | 9,252,295 | 11,662,434 | 3,251 | 33,699 | 1,716,114 | 42,678 | 465 | 1,184 | 22,712,120 | ||
Baroda | 1,852,868 | 174,980 | 101,522 | 771 | 40,718 | 8,118 | 28 | 2,185,005 | |||
Central India | 7,800,396 | 510,718 | 891,424 | 7,065 | 1,455 | 49,824 | 916 | 38 | 71 | 9,261,907 | |
Cochin | 429,324 | 33,344 | 136,361 | 1,249 | 600,278 | ||||||
Hyderabad | 8,893,181 | 925,929 | 13,614 | 3,664 | 8,521 | 638 | 47 | 9,845,594 | |||
Mysore | 3,956,336 | 200,484 | 9 | 29,249 | 41 | 47 | 1 | 21 | 4,180,188 | ||
Rajputana | 8,839,243 | 861,747 | 166,343 | 1,294 | 9 | 378,672 | 7 | 21,077 | 10,268,392 | ||
Travancore | 1,755,610 | 146,909 | 498,542 | 97 | 2,401,158 | ||||||
Total | 187,937,438 | 50,121,595 | 6,426,511 | 8,418,895 | 1,862,626 | 1,853,426 | 1,221,885 | 58,397 | 12,009 | 952,039 | 253,891,821 |
Note.—The total of all religions here given differs from the total population in the previous Table, owing to the exclusion of Aden and Port Blair.
VI.—Statistics of Education in India, 1881.
Males. | Females. | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Presidencies. Provinces, and States. | Under Instruction. | Not under Instruction and able to Read and Write. | Not under Instruction and unable to Read and Write. | Unspecified. | Total Males. | Under Instruction. | Not under Instruction and able to Read and Write. | Not under Instruction and unable to Read and Write. | Unspecified. | Total Females. |
Ajmere | 5,697 | 24,486 | 218,661 | ... | 248,844 | 245 | 963 | 210,670 | ... | 211,878 |
Assam | 33,370 | 79,644 | 2,300,833 | 89,850 | 2,503,703 | 1,008 | 1,786 | 2,280,085 | 88,784 | 2,377,723 |
Bengal | 1,009,999 | 1,991,583 | 31,480,186 | 143,823 | 34,025,591 | 35,760 | 61,149 | 34,691,477 | 122,584 | 34,911,270 |
Berar | 27,347 | 57,827 | 1,295,318 | ... | 1,380,492 | 356 | 789 | 1,291,036 | ... | 1,292,181 |
Bombay | 353,490 | 939,494 | 10,695,073 | 81,410 | 12,070,073 | 21,193 | 37,793 | 11,199,489 | 67,115 | 11,325,590 |
British Burma | 215,237 | 701,828 | 1,073,940 | ... | 1,991,005 | 31,056 | 31,740 | 1,682,970 | ... | 1,745,766 |
Central Provinces | 70,849 | 157,023 | 4,725,563 | 867,687 | 5,827,122 | 3,171 | 4,187 | 4,871,998 | 842,033 | 5,721,389 |
Coorg | 4,268 | 8,839 | 87,332 | ... | 100,439 | 431 | 356 | 77,076 | ... | 77,863 |
Madras | 519,823 | 1,535,790 | 12,843,296 | 522,134 | 15,421,043 | 39,104 | 94,571 | 15,120,570 | 495,343 | 15,749,588 |
N.W. Provinces and Oudh | 302,337 | 1,044,464 | 21,950,454 | ... | 23,297,255 | 10,212 | 22,432 | 21,519,720 | ... | 21,552,364 |
Punjab | 174,749 | 575,944 | 11,571,663 | ... | 12,322,856 | 6,537 | 9,209 | 10,373,958 | ... | 10,389,704 |
Baroda | 21,810 | 99,408 | 1,018,166 | 68 | 1,139,512 | 514 | 1,512 | 1,043,449 | 18 | 1,045,493 |
Central India | 3,397 | 12,898 | 37,909 | 4,828,619 | 4,882,823 | 619 | 1,318 | 34,070 | 4,342,477 | 4,379,084 |
Cochin | ... | ... | ... | 301,815 | 301,815 | ... | ... | ... | 298,463 | 298,403 |
Hyderabad | 66,459 | 247,459 | 4,688,219 | ... | 5,002,137 | 1,366 | 3,596 | 4,838,495 | ... | 4,843,457 |
Mysore | 64,733 | 169,965 | 1,851,144 | ... | 2,085,842 | 3,636 | 5,446 | 2,091,264 | ... | 2,100,346 |
Rajputana | ... | ... | ... | 5,544,665 | 5,514,665 | ... | ... | ... | 4,723,727 | 4,723,727 |
Travancore | ... | ... | ... | 1,197,134 | 1,197,134 | ... | ... | ... | 1,204,024 | 1,204,024 |
Total | 2,879,571 | 7,646,712 | 105,838,357 | 13,577,211 | 129,941,851 | 155,268 | 277,207 | 111,332,927 | 12,184,568 | 123,919,970 |
VII.—Distribution of the Religious Denominations of the Population under Education.
Males. | Females. | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Presidencies. Provinces, and States. | Under Instruction. | Not under Instruction and able to Read and Write. | Not under Instruction and unable to Read and Write. | Unspecified. | Total Males. | Under Instruction. | Not under Instruction and able to Read and Write. | Not under Instruction and unable to Read and Write. | Unspecified. | Total Females. |
Hindu | 2,029,585 | 5,581,642 | 77,131,461 | 11,266,539 | 96,009,227 | 61,590 | 138,840 | 81,710,173 | 10,017,020 | 91,928,223 |
Mahomedan | 510,449 | 967,154 | 23,1389,476 | 893,361 | 25,760,440 | 26,062 | 37,178 | 23,509,622 | 788,283 | 24,361,145 |
Aboriginal | 5,343 | 5,386 | 2,432,303 | 775,398 | 3,218,430 | 839 | 531 | 2,445,710 | 761,001 | 3,208,081 |
Buddhist | 201,860 | 650,914 | 879,564 | 38,840 | 1,771,178 | 26,190 | 25,063 | 1,501,312 | 35,141 | 1,047,706 |
Christian | 61,639 | 180,194 | 406,475 | 820,580 | 968,888 | 33,712 | 61,028 | 481,219 | 317,787 | 893,746 |
Sikh | 17,291 | 68,607 | 959,710 | 890 | 1,040,498 | 538 | 913 | 804.860 | 617 | 800,928 |
Jain | 37,781 | 163,917 | 210,400 | 222,060 | 640,158 | 829 | 1,553 | 372,607 | 206,749 | 581,738 |
Jew | 894 | 1,709 | 2,599 | 566 | 5,828 | 342 | 568 | 4,490 | 781 | 6,181 |
Parsi | 9,585 | 22,113 | 11,775 | 125 | 43,598 | 4,331 | 11,050 | 20,313 | 105 | 41,799 |
Others | 5,144 | 5,016 | 408,594 | 58,852 | 477,606 | 835 | 483 | 416,621 | 56,484 | 474,423 |
Total | 2,879,571 | 7,646,712 | 105,838,357 | 13,577,211 | 129,941,851 | 155,268 | 277,207 | 111,332,927 | 12,184,568 | 123,949,970 |
X.—Taxation, Income, and Expenditure of Municipalities in the several Presidencies and Provinces.
Presidencies and Provinces. | Years ending 3. Mar. | Population within Municipal Limits. | Income excluding Balances. | Incidence per head of Population in Decimals of Rupee. | Total Expenditure. (Tens of Rupees). | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
From Taxation. | From other Sources. | Total. | Taxation. | Total Income | ||||
India | 1878 | 583,336 | 33,385 | 8,734 | 42,119 | 0.57 | 0.72 | 43,085 |
1885 | 134,723 | 17,350 | 5,577 | 22,927 | 1.28 | 1.70 | 26,138 | |
Bengal | 1878 | 3,292,191 | 392,049 | 89,477 | 481,526 | 119 | 1.46 | 508,971 |
1885 | 3,416,822 | 451,189 | 127,898 | 579,087 | 1.32 | 1.69 | 791,504 | |
Assam | 1878 | 44,448 | 4,302 | 2,273 | 6,575 | 0.96 | 1.47 | 6,009 |
1885 | 67,676 | 5,023 | 6,370 | 11,393 | 074 | 168 | 11,526 | |
N. W. Provinces and Oudh | 1878 | 2,897,950 | 207,614 | 44,581 | 252,195 | 0.71 | 0.87 | 251,612 |
1885 | 3,072,476 | 195,225 | 74,896 | 270,121 | 0.63 | 0.88 | 273,587 | |
Punjab | 1878 | 2,043,565 | 188,692 | 23,537 | 212,229 | 0.92 | 1.03 | 196,326 |
1885 | 2,144,379 | 237,238 | 41,205 | 278,443 | 1.10 | 1.29 | 279,585 | |
Central Provinces | 1878 | 612,256 | 70,574 | 18,140 | 88,714 | 1.15 | 1.44 | 76,729 |
1885 | 697,271 | 59,744 | 19,464 | 79,208 | 0.85 | 1.13 | 88,769 | |
British Burma | 1878 | 263,411 | 55,744 | 63,916 | 119,660 | 2.11 | 4.54 | 109,950 |
1885 | 337,446 | 62,156 | 117,167 | 179,323 | 1.84 | 5.31 | 210,012 | |
Madras | 1878 | 1,600,379 | 130,593 | 42,611 | 173,204 | 0.81 | 1.08 | 172,629 |
1885 | 1,729,818 | 175,270 | 79,315 | 254,591 | 1.01 | 1.47 | 302,220 | |
Bombay, including Sindh | 1878 | 2,462,527 | 426,019 | 165,983 | 592,002 | 1.73 | 2.40 | 586,272 |
1885 | 2,670,563 | 590,608 | 112,016 | 702,624 | 2.20 | 2.63 | 975,059 | |
Total | 1878 | 13,800,063 | 1,508,972 | 459,252 | 1,968,224 | 1.09 | 1.42 | 1,951,583 |
1885 | 14,271,174 | 1,793,809 | 583,908 | 2,377,717 | 1.25 | 1.66 | 2,958,400 |
XIV.—Statement showing one Year's Gross Expenditure in England of the Government of India.
Heads of Expenditure in England. | Year ended 31st March. 1885. |
---|---|
£ | |
Interest on Debt and other obligations | 2,612,657 |
Management of Debt (Payments to the Banks of England and Ireland) | 29,326 |
Charges on account of Departments in India— | |
Post Office (Mail Service between England and India, and between Bussora and Bagdad) | 72,170 |
Telegraphs (Indo-European; Red Sea Moiety of Annuity; Absentee Allowances and Passage Money of Officers of Telegraph Department) | 47,745 |
Political (Diplomatic Charges) | 30,807 |
Other Charges (Land Revenue; Forest; Mint; Law and Justice; Education; Ecclesiastical; Medical; Scientific, &c., and Miscellaneous) | 30,492 |
Railways:—East Indian (Interest and Annuity) | 1,573,909 |
Guaranteed Lines (Interest) | 3,217,240 |
Subsidized Lines (Interest) | 30,395 |
Public Works (Furlough, Absentee Allowances, and Passage Money of Officers) | 40,422 |
Marine Charges | 97,081 |
Military Charges:— | |
Effective:—Payments to Her Majesty's Exchequer for British Forces, &c. | 533,269 |
Furlough Allowances | 233,802 |
Troop Service and Passage Money | 358,517 |
Special Charges (Afghanistan, Egypt, &c.) | 933 |
Other Charges | 25,240 |
Non-Effective:—Payments to Her Majesty's Exchequer (Retired Pay, Pensions, dc., if British Forces) | 800,000 |
Pensions to Indian Officers, &c. | 1,458,199 |
Pensions to Non-Commissioned Officers and Soldiers | 21,274 |
Pensions to Widows and Families, &c | 80,811 |
Civil Charges:— | |
Secretary of States Establishment, including the Auditor and His Staff, but excluding the Store Department (shown below) | 115,287 |
Postage and Telegrams | 11,842 |
Contingencies (Rates, Taxes, Coals, &c., &c.) | 10,651 |
Royal Indian Engineering College (Establishment, Passage Money of Officers, &c.) | 24,860 |
Miscellaneous Home Charges | 4,774 |
Civil Furlough and Allowances:— | |
Covenanted Service | 94,202 |
Military Officers in Civil Employ | 67,333 |
Uncovenanted and Pilot Service | 36,740 |
Pensions and Allowances:—Political | 28,874 |
East India Company's Establishments abolished | 30,908 |
Home Establishment Officers | 40,144 |
Home Establishment Widows and Families from Funds | 22,142 |
Indian Officers for Distinguished Services, Judges and others | 132,941 |
Compassionate and other Allowances | 11,203 |
Indian Service Funds (Annuities, Pensions, &c.) | 1,164,248 |
Donations, Gratuities, and Charities | 5,156 |
Miscellaneous Charges | 16,245 |
Stores:—Director General's Department and Depot at Lambeth (Salaries, Wages, Rent, Taxes, &c.) | 53,019 |
Supply of, for India: Stationery and Printing for all Departments in India | 125,830 |
Civil Departments | 117,801 |
Marine Stores | 57,575 |
Public Works (including Telegraph Stores) | 138,870 |
Military (including Stores for Frontier Railways) | 462,378 |
Miscellaneous Charges in connection with Supplies for India | 15,670 |
Total Expenditure in England | £14,100,982 |
Exchange | 3,426,424 |
The above, however, represents only a portion of the resources of India expended in England. The pay of the English troops in India—officers and men—is, part of it, sent "home;" the pay of civilians is, to a large extent, similarly dealt with.
Number. | Salaries or Otherwise. | Amount. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
£ | s. | d. | ||
17,093 | Salaries | 6,811,422 | 15 | 0 |
1,725 | Pensions | 679,079 | 16 | 0 |
430 | Gratuities and Absentee Allowances | 149,070 | 8 | 3 |
Total | £7,640,172 | 19 | 3 |
Number. | Salaries or Otherwise | Amount. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
£ | s. | d | ||
7,060 | Annuities, Furlough Pay, &c. | 3,069,565 | 0 | 0 |
865 | Home Establishment and Miscellaneous | 403,800 | 0 | 0 |
Total | £3,473,365 | 0 | 0 |
Combined Totals, £11,013,537 19s. 3d., nearly the whole of which is paid to Europeans and Eurasians, and only a small portion to natives of India.
Average Annual Consumption of the Principal Imported and Exciseable Articles per Head, for the Total Population of the united Kingdom,
Statement showing the total quantities of British, Foreign, and Colonial Spirits, Foreign Wines, Beer, Tea, Coffee, and Cocoa, retained for Home Consumption in certain years, and the quantity of each consumed per head of population.
Year ended | British Spirits. | Foreign and Colonial Spirits. | Gals, per head of Spirits of | Foreign Wines. | Beer. | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
31st Dec. | Gallons. | Gals, per head. | Gallons. | Gals, per head. | Gallons. | Gals, per head. | Barrels. | Barrels per head | |
1852 | 25,200,879 | .916 | 4,866,259 | .177 | 1.093 | 6.346,061 | .231 | 16,732,454 | .608 |
1863 | 18,836,187 | .644 | 5,193,641 | .177 | .821 | 9,764,155 | .334 | 19,327,191 | .661 |
1872 | 26,872,183 | .844 | 9,068,329 | .285 | 1129 | 16,765,444 | .527 | 23,171,661 | .885 |
1882 | 28,554,264 | .809 | 8,338,578 | .236 | 1.045 | 14,339,070 | .406 | 27,023,616 | .766 |
1883 | 28,713,997 | .806 | 8,289,841 | .233 | 1.039 | 14,287,317 | .401 | 26,828,040 | .753 |
1884 | 27,994,727 | .778 | 8,165,8.10 | .227 | 1005 | 13,994,497 | .389 | 27,586,526 | .767 |
1885 | 26,609,488 | .733 | 8,012,056 | .221 | .953 | 13,767,928 | .379 | 27,101,238 | .746 |
Year ended | Tea, | Coffee. | Cocoa. | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
31st Dec. | Population. | Pounds. | Pounds per head. | Pounds. | Pounds per head. | Pounds. | Pounds per head. |
1852 | 27,500,000 | 54,713,034 | 1.909 | 34,978,432 | 1.207 | 3,328,528 | .121 |
1862 | 29,255,015 | 78,793,977 | 2.694 | 34,451,766 | 1.178 | 3,622,433 | .124 |
1872 | 31,835,757 | 127,661,360 | 4.010 | 31,173,555 | .976 | 7,791,763 | .245 |
1882 | 35,278,999 | 164,958,230 | 4.674 | 31,214,553 | .884 | 11,928,549 | .338 |
1883 | 35,611,816 | 170,780,777 | 4.795 | 31,562,067 | .886 | 12,888,470 | .361 |
1884 | 35,951,865 | 175,000,301 | 4,869 | 32.255,699 | .897 | 13,920,272 | .387 |
1885 | 36,325,115 | 182,408,830 | 5022 | 32,660,320 | .898 | 14,003,067 | .402 |
* Excluding Aborigines, estimated at 6,000.
‡ No previous Census.