Her Majesty, Alexandrina Victoria, Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, the Colonies, &c., Empress of India, and Defender of the Faith, born at Kensington Palace, May 24th, 1819; only child of H.R.H. Edward Duke of Kent, fourth son of George III.; succeeded her Uncle, William IV., June 20, 1837; crowned June 28, 1838; married February 10, 1840, to her cousin, Prince Francis Albert Augustus Charles Emanuel, Duke of Saxony and Prince of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha; born August 26, 1819; died December 14, 1861. Has had issue:—

H.R.H. Victoria Adelaide Mary Louisa, Princess Royal, born November 21, 1840; married January 25, 1858, to H.I.H. Frederick Wilhelm, Prince Imperial of Germany; has had issue Frederick William Albert Victor, born January 27, 1859, married February 27, 1881, to Princess Augusta of Holstein Augusten burg (born October 22, 1858), and has issue a son; Victoria Elizabeth Augusta Charlotte, born July 24, 1860; married February 18, 1878, to Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Meiningen, and has issue Feodora Victoria Augusta Mariana Mary, born May 12, 1879; Albert William Hendrich, born August 14, 1862; Francis Frederick Sigismund, born September 15, 1864 (died June 18, 1866); Frederica Wilhelmina Amelia Victoria, born April 12, 1866; Joachim Frederick Ernest Waldemar, born February 10, 1868 (died March 27, 1879); Sophia Dorothea Ulrike Alice, born June 14, 1870; and Margaret Beatrice Feodore, born April 22, 1872.

H.R.H. Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, Duke of Saxony, Cornwall, and Rothesay, Earl of Dublin, K.G., K.T., K.P., G.C.S.I.. Field Marshal, Colonel of 10th Hussars, Colonel-in-Chief of the Rifle Brigade, &c., born November 9, 1841, married March 10, 1863, to the Princess Alexandra Caroline Mary Charlotte Louisa Julia, eldest daughter of the King of Denmark, born December 1, 1844; has had issue Albert Victor Christian Edward, born January 8, 1864; George Frederick Ernest Albert, born June 3, 1865; Louise Victoria Alexandra Dagmar, born February 20, 1867; Victoria Alexandra Olga Mary, born July 6, 1868; Maude Charlotte Mary Victoria, born November 26, 1869; and Alexander John Charles Albert, born April 6, 1871, who died next day.

H.R.H. Alice Maude Mary, born April 25, 1843; died December 14, 1878; married July 1, 1862, to Prince Frederick William Ludwig, Grand Duke of Hesse-Darmstadt, K.G., born September 12, 1837; (re-married morganatically;) had issue Victoria Alberta Elizabeth Matilda Mary, born April 5, 1863, married April 30, 1884 to Prince Louis of Batten berg and has issue a daughter, born February 25, 1885; Elizabeth Alexandra Louise Alice, born November 1, 1864, married June 15, 1884, to Grand Duke Sergius of Russia; Irene Marie Louise Anna, born July 11, 1866; Ernest Louis Charles Albert William, born November 25, 1868; Frederick William, born October 17, 1870 (killed by an accidental fell, June 29, 1873); Victoria Alice, born June 6, 1872; and Mary Victoria, born May 24, 1874, died November 16, 1878.

H.R.H Alfred Ernest Albert, Duke of Edinburgh, Earl of Kent, Earl of Ulster, Vice-Admiral and Admiral in command of the Mediterranean Fleet, Master of Trinity House, K G., &c., born August 6, 1844; married January 23, 1874, at St. Petersburg, to the Grand Duchess Marie Alexandrovna (born October 17, 1853), sister of the present Emperor of Russia, and grand-niece to the Emperor of Germany; has issue Alfred Alexander William Ernest Albert, Earl of Ulster, born October 15, 1874; Marie Alexandrovna Victoria, born October 29, 1875; Victoria Melita, born at Malta, November 25, 1876; Alexandra Louise Olga Victoria, born September 1, 1878; and Beatrice, born April 20, 1884.

H.R.H. Helena Augusta Victoria, born May 25, 1846; married July 5, 1866, to Prince Frederick Christian Charles Augustus of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg, K.G., born January 22, 1831; has issue Christian Victor Albert Ludwig Ernest Anton, born April 14, 1867; Albert John Charles Frederick Alfred George, born February 26, 1869; Victoria Louise Sophie Augusta Amelia Helena, born May 3, 1870; Franziska Josepha Louise Augusta Marie Christiania, born August 12, 1872; and Harold, born May 12, died May 20, 1876.

H.R.H. Louise Caroline Alberta, born March 18, 1848; married March 21, 1871, to the Marquis of Lorne, K.T., born August 6, 1845, eldest son of the Duke of Argyll, and Ex-Governor-General of Canada.

H.R.H. Arthur William Patrick Albert, K.G., Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, Earl of Sussex, Major General, Colonel of Scots Guards, Colonel-in-Chief of Rifle Brigade, &c., born May 1, 1850; married at Windsor, March 13, 1879, to the Princess Louise Marguerite, born July 25, 1860, third daughter of the late Prince Frederick Charles, cousin to the Prince Imperial of Germany, and has issue Margaret Victoria Augusta Charlotte Norah, born January 15, 1882, and Arthur Frederick Patrick Albert, Earl of Sussex, born January 13, 1883.

H.R.H. Leopold George Duncan Albert, Duke of Albany, Earl of Clarence, and Baron Arklow, born April 7, 1853; married April 27, 1882, to the Princess Helen of Waldeck-Pyrmont, sister to the Queen of the Netherlands, born February 17, 1861; and has issue Alice Mary Victoria Augusta Pauline, born February 25, 1883; and a posthumous son, Leopold Charles Edward George Albert, Duke of Albany, born 19th July, 1884; His Royal Highness died suddenly at Cannes on the 28th March, 1884.

H.R.H. Beatrice Mary Victoria Fedora, born April 14, 1857; married July 23, 1885, to Prince Henry Maurice of Batten berg, born October 5, 1858.

Table of Kings and Queens of England.

Imperial Parliaments of the United Kingdom.

Area of the British Empire: Its Population, Finances, and Commerce.

From this table it will be seen that Britain has already annexed one-seventh of the globe (not reckoning water), and holds one-fourth of the human race under her sway. Her foreign possessions, being 65 times larger than her own area, include several places not enumerated in the above list; for instance, in Australasia a portion of New Guinea; in Africa, Ascension (34 square miles), Basutoland (10,293 square miles); in Asia, Aden (5 square miles), Perim (7 square miles), and that precious jewel Cyprus (3,700 square miles), whose principal industry would appear to be the breeding and catching of locusts, of which British subjects there were 195 thousand millions destroyed in the Government pits during 1883, and the cry was still "they come." The island of Rotumah, in Australasia (14 square miles), Norfolk Island (237 square miles), and Heligoland conclude the list of our possessions, but there are still fanatics who desire to add and go on adding, regardless of the sage remark of Napoleon I. that "Empires generally die of indigestion through having swallowed too much territory."

Articles (exclusive of Food) imported into United Kingdom.

Raw Materials (Quantities—in Thousands only).

In several of the above cases some slight preparatory process of manufacture had been gone through. The imports of food materials will be found on page 171.

Upon which of these imports could the "Fair Trade" Protectionists lay an import duty without damage to their own countrymen? The list will be seen to consist mainly of things absolutely necessary for our own manufacturers and farmers, and for use in the arts. Not a "luxury" so called, is to be found in it, save tobacco and a few ornamental feathers, and the first of those, providing employment for a very large mass of the population, male and female, is an unfit article to restrict as we do, by heavy import duties, to say nothing of the grievous injustice perpetrated upon buyers by the retail incidence of the tax. Let us pass to the list of

Manufactures (Quantities in Thousands only, Values Not Abbreviated).

From this list it will easily be seen that if the principle items of Leather, Kid Gloves, Silk Goods, Sawn Timber, Corks, Oilseed Cake, Lace, Musical Instruments, Works of Art, Prints, Dyes, Confectionary, and Fancy Wools be eliminated, for all of which we must, in the nature of things, be much dependent on the foreigner, along with Sprits, Tobacco, and Wine (upon which heavy duties are already placed), the only items remaining are the under £33,000,000 in value, a sum total insignificant altogether, when compared with the enormous dimensons of our own Manufacturing Industries and of our exports abroad. For revenue purposes duties would be absured; for protective purposes childish; for retaliatory purposes mad and suicidal, seeing that our own manufactures are sent in overwhelming proporations at almost every foreign country. What then do the "Fair Trade" schemers want but an election cry to prevail with the ignorant? It is not evident that to tax imported food is the ukimate object with—as its necessary result—the raising of prices on the people's clothing and bread, and the increase of Agricultural Rents?

Moreover the Annual Statement of Trade of United Kingdom for 1885 shows a considerable set off against manufactured Foreign imports in the very considerable quantity of Colonial and Foreign-made articles re-exported, for instance:—Arms and Ammunition, £253,443; Beads of all sorts, £50,436; Candles, £149,387; Chemical Manufactures, £243,640; Confectionary, £208,823; Cordage and Twine, £125,294; Cotton Manufactures, £540,560; Cotton Yarns, £25,166; Glass, £131,339; Leather, £1,143,723; Leather Manufactures and Boots and Shoes, £132,184. Metals—Iron Bars and Manufactures, £696,788; Iron and Steel, wrought or manufactured, £692,531. Musical Instruments, £108,959; Paper (except hangings), £79,012; Silk, thrown, £44,687; Silk Manufactures, £655,942; Spirits, £447,113; Tobacco, manufactured, £200,909; Wine, £541,007; Wood, sawn or split, &c., £108,558; Wood Furniture, &c., £124,539; Woollen Manufactures, £576,444.—Total, £7,280,484. Besides "other articles" which certainly include a considerable number of manufactures, £5,899,748.

Administrations and Chief Ministers from 1702 to 1886.