Of Number.

Nouns have two Numbers; the Singular and the Plural. The Plural is formed by prefixing the particle nga to the singular.

Of Case.

The Cases of Nouns Substantive are thus distinguished:

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1.	E kai ána te mánu, The bird eats. Te mánu is the Nominative Case Singular.
2.	E ou no te mánu, A feather of the bird. No te mánu is the Genitive Case.
3.	O átu te táro ki te mánu, Give the food to the bird. Ki te mánu is the Dative Case.
4.	Túki Túki hía te mánu, Kill the bird. Te mánu is the Accusative Case.
5.	E mánu, O bird; Vocative.
6.	Kóa pau te kai i te mánu, The food is eaten by the bird. I te mánu is the Ablative Case.

Note.—When, in expressing the Genitive Case of a Noun Substantive, personal acquisition of property is denoted as well as possession, the syllable na is used instead of no.

Examples.

Ránga tíra, A Gentleman.

Singular.

Nom.	Te ránga tíra	the gentleman
Gen.	No te ránga tíra	of, or belonging to the gentleman
	Na te ránga tíra	of, or belonging to the gentleman
Dat.	Ki te ránga tíra	to the gentleman
Acc.	Te ránga tíra	the gentleman
Voc.	*E mara	O gentleman, or O person
Abl.	I te ránga tíra	by the gentleman.

^* It is unusual in this Case to make the Vocative by prefixing E to the word in question.

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Plural.

Nom.	Nga ránga tíra	the gentlemen
Gen.	No nga ránga tira	of, or belonging to the gentlemen
	Na nga ránga tíra	of, or belonging to the gentlemen
Dat.	Ki nga ránga tíra	to the gentlemen
Acc.	Nga ránga tíra	the gentlemen
Voc.	E mára ma	O gentlemen, or O persons
Abl.	I nga ránga, tíra	by the gentlemen.

Another Form of the Plural Number.

Nom.	Te ánga ránga tíra	the gentlemen
Gen.	No te ánga ránga tíra,	of the gentlemen
Dat.	Ki te ánga ránga tíra,	to the gentlemen
Acc.	Te ánga ránga tíra	the gentlemen
Voc.	E mára ma	O gentlemen, or O persons
Abl.	I te ánga ránga tíra	by the gentlemen.

Táka; the proper name Táka.

Singular.

Nom.	Táka	Táka
Gen.	No Táka, To Táka	of, or belonging to Táka
	Na Táka, Ta Taka	of, or belonging to Táka
Dat.	Ki a* Táka	to Táka
Acc.	Táka	Táka
Voc.	E Táka	O Táka
Abl.	I a Táka	by Táka.

^* This letter appears to be a part of the Pronoun ia, he, which is here introduced by way of pleonasm

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Móka; the proper name Moka.

Singular.

Nom.	Móka	Móka
Gen.	No Móka	of, or belonging to Móka
	Na Móka	of, or belonging to Móka
Dat.	Ki a Móka	to Móka
Acc.	Móka	Móka
Voc.	E Móka	O Móka
Abl.	I a Móka	by Móka.

Matúa, a Parent.

Singular.

Nom.	Matúa	the parent, or a parent
Gen.	No te matúa	of, or belonging to the parent
Dat.	Ki te matúa	to the parent
Acc.	Te matúa	the parent
Voc.	E kara, or E pá	O parent
Abl.	I te matúa	by the parent.

Plural.

Nom.	Nga matúa	the parents
Gen.	No nga matúa	of, or belonging to the parents
Dat.	Ki nga matúa	to the parents
Acc.	Nga matúa	the parents
Voc.	E pá má	parents
Abl.	I nga matúa, or	by the parents.
	I te matúa	by the parents.

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Táma íti, a Son: (contracted, Tamaiti.)

Singular.

Nom.	Táma íti	the son, or a son
Gen.	No te táma íti	of, or belonging to the son
Dat.	Ki te táma íti	to the son
Acc.	Te táma íti	the son
Voc.	E koro, or E táma	O son
Abl.	I te táma íti	by the son.

Plural.

Nom.	Nga táma níki	the sons
Gen.	No nga táma níki	of, or belonging to the sons
Dat.	Ki nga táma níki	to the sons
Acc.	Nga táma níki	the sons
Voc.	E koro ma	O sons
Abl.	I nga táma níki	by the sons.

Another Form of the Plural Number.

Nom.	Te ánga táma níki	the sons, or boys
Gen.	No te ánga táma níki,	of, or belonging to the sons, &c.
Dat.	Ki te ánga táma níki,	to the sons or boys
Acc.	Te ánga táma níki,	the sons or boys
Voc.	E koro ma	O sons, or O boys
Abl.	I te ánga táma níki,	by the sons or boys.

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Táma íne, a Daughter.

Singular.

Nom.	Táma íne	the daughter, or a daughter
Gen.	No te táma íne	of, or belonging to the daughter
Dat.	Ki te táma íne	to the daughter
Acc.	Te táma íne	the daughter
Voc.	E ko	O daughter, or O girl
Abl.	I te táma íne	by the daughter.

Plural.

Nom.	Nga táma íne	the daughters
Gen.	No nga táma íne	of, or belonging to the daughters
Dat.	Ki nga táma íne	to the daughters
Acc.	Nga táma íne	the daughters
Voc.	E ko ma	O daughters, or O girls
Abl.	I nga táma íne, or	by the daughters.
	I te ánga táma íne	by the daughters.

Of Gender.

The distinction of Gender, in this language, is generally made by adding the word signifying male or female.

The words which denote the different sexes are the following; viz.

Táne—a male as he is in alliance with the female, or as he is the husband of a wife.

Wahíne—a female as she is in alliance with the male, or as she is the wife of her husband.

Touráwi—any male.

Uwha—any female.