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The Moa-Hunters of New Zealand: Sportsman of the Stone Age

Index

page 254

Index

  • Acheron,” H.M.S. Officer discovers Moa bones, 51; Captain describes method of preserving birds, 194.

  • Arnold, Edwin. Quotation from, 249.

  • Australian stone tools. Paper on, 28.

  • Avilion, Valley of. Scene likened to, 115.

  • Awa-Moa. Middens assigned to Waitaha, 17; named by Mantell, 19; flints found, 212.

  • Barter. Description of, 192.

  • Beattie, H. Traditions of southern Maori, 239; extinction of Moa, 248.

  • Best, Elsdon. Burying of valued weapons, 205; author of work on stone tools, 207; quotation from, 231; dates of Maori invasions, 245, 246; Polynesian ovens, 252.

  • Birds. Abundance of, 176; at Waitaki hydro-electric works, 150; in fields, 161.

  • Blackler'S cave. Pictograph of Moa-hunt, 185, 186.

  • Booth, B. S. Assists in exploration at Shag River, 96; his opinions thereon, 97; method of capturing Moas, 181; finds skulls attached to vertebrae at Shag River, 200.

  • Browning, R. Quotation from, 99.

  • Brunner, T. Observations on fish, 174; condition of wekas, 180; description of Maori gifts, 192, 193; appreciation of preserved birds, 194; care of greenstone weapons, 205.

  • Butler, Samuel. Resident of Mesopotamia, 32.

  • Cannibalism. Evidence of at Taranaki, 19; at Poverty Bay, 112.

  • Canoes of migration. Reference in poem, 227.

  • Canterbury Gilpin, The. Poetic satire, 81.

  • Canterbury Phil. Inst. States case for reference to Dr. Hooker, 78; Hooker's decision, 79.

  • Chambers, Robert. Writes provocative book, 5.

  • Chapman, Sir F. Finds greenstone adzes at Shag River, 30; finds skulls, 200.

    page 255
  • Chapman, J. B. Ploughs up stone adze, 163; views on “Mystery” stone, 170.

  • Cissbury. Camp of early Britons, 156.

  • Classification of Moa bones. At Little Rakaia, 20; at Taranaki, 48; at Moa-bone Point Cave, 84; at Shag River, 92, 97; at Pataua, 106; at Kapua, 139; at Papa-towai, 134; at Waitaki, 200; Appendix I.

  • Colenso, Bishop. Publication by, 6.

  • Colenso, Rev. William. Begins investigations, 10; article in Tasmanian Journal, 11.

  • Cook, Captain. Observations on Maori tools, 218; did not hear of Moa, 230; camps abandoned before his visits, 249.

  • Darwin, Charles. Origin of Species, 5; food of the rhea, 110.

  • Dawkins, Professor. On early man in Britain, 156, 157; describes bones broken for marrow, 196; trade in stone tools, 208; Neolithic civilization, 218; wars prevent extinction of wild animals, 245.

  • Dinornis Maximus. Remains found at Kopua, 139; at Papa-towai, 131; at Waitaki, 200.

  • Dog and Moa. Haast's argument, 67; Howorth's argument, 69.

  • Emerson, R. W. Quotation from, 3.

  • Erosion at Waitaki. Progress of, 159.

  • Explorations. By early colonists, 7.

  • Fish. Harvests of at Waitaki, 174.

  • Flints. Works on, 207.

  • George, Philip. Assists to explore Papa-towai camp, 120; uncovers two adzes at Waitaki, 204.

  • Graham, George. Descriptions of Moa hunts, 183, 185.

  • Gray's Hills. Scene of ancient Maori quarry, 154.

  • Greenstone. Found in Maori middens, 30; grinding seen by Shortland, 220; cause of Polynesian migration, 224.

  • Grey, Sir George. Investigates Taranaki middens, 40; obtains many curios, 46; traditions of Moa, 233.

  • Haast, H. F. von. His comment on Hooker's decision, 80.

  • Haast, Sir Julius von. Influenced in opinions by Colenso, 13; his theory of autochthones, 19; Little Rakaia camp, 20; his estimate of number of camps, 35; undertakes exploration of cave, 52; his discoveries, 59; convinced that page 256 Moa-hunters occupied cave, 60; his declaration of fact, 64; Moa-hunters' culture, 71; his paper and postscript, 77; case submitted to Dr. Hooker, 78; Hooker's decision, 79; estimate of age of Moa-hunters, 82; examines Shag River middens, 88.

  • Hamilton, Augustus. Finds polished greenstone at Shag River, 30.

  • Harpagornis Moorei. A bird of prey, 9.

  • Hector, Sir James. Date of extinction of Moa, 27; is assailed by Haast, 71.

  • Hochstetter, Dr. Defines northern limit of Moa, 103.

  • Hooker, Dr. Opinion in dispute between Haast and McKay, 78.

  • Hornsey, A. G. Assists in exploring Papa-towai camp, 120.

  • Hunter-Artists. Contemporary with Moa, 149.

  • Huruhuru. Native chief, his descent, 151.

  • Hutchinson, F. Discovers camp at Wainui, 111; considers Moa-hunters to be of Polynesian type, 113.

  • Hutton, Professor. Explores Shag River camp, 95; his conclusions thereon, 98; secures bones at Kapua, 135; his theory of deposit, 137.

  • Inland camps. Their locality and description, 32, 33.

  • Jollie, Edward. Suggests exploration of cave, 51.

  • Kai-Tahu. Tribe begins to acquire European tools, 158; they attack Kati-Mamoe, 246.

  • Kapua swamp. Visited by Author, 135; Moa bone found, 136; E. C. Studholme's account of deposit, 137.

  • Kati-Mamoe. Rock paintings ascribed to, 148; they attack Waitaha, 243; their origin, 244, 247.

  • KawanaPaipai. Describes Moa-hunt, 41.

  • Kenyon, A. S. His paper on Australian aboriginal culture, 28.

  • Korotua-Heka. Maori kaika at Waitaki, 153.

  • Kupe. Early Polynesian navigator, 224, 225.

  • Larnach, D. T. Finds stone adze, 206.

  • Lockerbie, Leslie. Finds curios at Papa-towai, 120.

  • Lyell, Sir Charles. Age of coal-beds, 3; a source of inspiration, 4; his publications, 5.

    page 257
  • McCully, H. S. Collector of stone tools, 142; motors Author through hinterland of Waitaki, 144; discovers Moa-hunters' camp at Waitaki, 163; theory of transport of Moas, 189; his collection of stone tools, 214.

  • MacDonald, T. A. Discovers deposit at Kapua, 136.

  • McDonnell, Lieut.-Col. Describes Kawana Paipai incident, 40; his opinion of date of extinction of Moa, 44.

  • Mackay, A. Conquest of Waitaha, 244-245.

  • McKay, A. Meets Haast, 53; assists in exploration of cave, 53; hands his notes to Haast, 71; writes paper on researches in cave, 72; his conclusions thereon, 73; Haast's reaction to paper, 77; Hooker's opinion, 78; his poetical satire, 81.

  • Mackenzie country. Historic country, 144,154; carried large flocks of Moas, 177; severe winters, 178.

  • Mackenzie, Sir T. Discovers Papa-towai camp, 114; description of district, 115; describes large totara tree, 132.

  • Maning, F. E. Traditions of the Moa, 234.

  • Mantell, W. B. D. Discovery of Taranaki middens, 15; identity of Moa-hunters, 18; explores camp at Ohawe, 39; discovers rock paintings, 145; misses Waitaki camp, 163; allocates Awa-moa camp to Waitaha, 177.

  • Maori invasions, 245, 246.

  • Maori migration. Celebrated in poem, 226; analogy of, 228.

  • Maori tradition of Moa. 11, 44, 229-237.

  • Marwick, Dr. Identifies “Mystery” stone, 170.

  • Miller, Hugh. Replies to Chambers, 6; comparison of stone implements, 207.

  • Moa. Early arrival in New Zealand, 8; date of extinction, 10, 44, 46, 47, 82, 245; large bone at Duntroon, 145; swamp deposits, 139; immense flocks of, 177.

  • Moa-Bone Point Cave. Cave discovered, 51; dimensions of, 53; origin of, 54; discoveries in cave, 59; a grave discovered, 65; skeleton of man articulated, 66; bones and artifacts found, 84.

  • Moa-Hunters. Beginning of hunting, 9; sport in South Island, 31; various camps, 33, 35; not responsible for swamp deposits, 140; their technique, 183; prayers offered, 188; transport of Moas, 188; trade in Moa flesh, 193; cooking of Moas, 185; bones broken for marrow, 196; Moas legs not broken after capture, 197; method of quarrying stone, 211; material for tools brought great page 258 distances, 212; accomplished tool-makers, 214; how tools distributed, 216; specialists, 217; identity of Moa-hunters, 221; why their camps deserted, 224.

  • Mokihi. Description of, 190.

  • Monck'S Cave. History of, 100.

  • Moorehouse, Dr. Excavates bones at Kapua, 139.

  • Murison, W. D. Discovery of Moa-hunters' ovens, 23; his conclusions thereon, 26.

  • Mystery” stone. Description of, 170.

  • Ngahue. Early Polynesian explorer, 224.

  • Ngai-Tahu. See Kati-Tahu.

  • Ngati-Mamoe. See Kati-Mamoe.

  • Normanby. Ancient fishing village, 144.

  • Oamaru middens. Discovered by Mantell, 16.

  • Obsidian. Blocks of kept in every camp, 193; where obtained and use of, 215.

  • Omarama. Site of former Maori settlement, 158.

  • OmarKhayyam. Quotation from, 222.

  • Papa-Towai camp. Discovered by Sir Thomas Mackenzie, 114; derivation of name, 117; Otago Museum decides to explore, 120; Teviotdale's description of operations, 121; remains of Dinornis maximus found, 131; probable age of camp, 132.

  • Pataua River camp. Description of, 102.

  • Polack, J. S. His references to Moa bones, 231.

  • Polynesian ovens. Appendix II, 252.

  • Polynesians. First arrivals in New Zealand, 8; discovery of New Zealand, 223.

  • Rakaia, Little. Explored by Haast, 20; stone implements found, 21.

  • Rakaihautu. Early Polynesian explorer, 240.

  • Rangatapu. Ancient Taranaki pa site, 37.

  • Reid, J. S. Identifies species of wood from charcoal, 182.

  • Round houses. At Moeraki, 168; construction and use of, 169.

  • Rule, Dr. John. The Moa and marine food, 109.

  • Sea-Birds. Joy-riders, 150; they follow the plough, 161.

  • Selwyn, Bishop. His description of mokihi, 190.

    page 259
  • Sevicke-Jones, F. Identifies Moa bones at Kapua, 136.

  • Shag River camp. Description of, 89; examined by Haast, 90; his considered conclusions, 93; examined by Hutton, 95; his conclusions, 98; Teviotdale's summing-up, 100.

  • Shortland, E. His prophecy re Waitaki, 151; he misses Waitaki camp, 163; drift-wood, 181; sees greenstone worked, 220; southern Maori tradition lost, 247.

  • Skinner, H. D. Opinions on Moa-hunter material, 58, 60, 63; review of Moa-bone Point cave material, 83; opinion on Monck's Cave material, 102.

  • Skinner, W. H. Note on Maori poem, 228.

  • Smith, Sir G. E. Quotation from, 4; works by, 210.

  • Smith, R. A. On rock paintings, 147; work Flints, 207.

  • Smith, W. W. Account of inland Moa-hunters' camps, 32.

  • Sparkes, Mr. Excavates bones from Kapua Swamp, 137.

  • Spencer, Dr. Confirms Kawana Paipai incident, 42.

  • Stack, Rev. Canon. Ascribes origin of shell-heaps to Waitaha, 81; date of Moa extinction, 82; date of Maori invasions, 245, 246.

  • Stevenson, G. B. Finds Moa-hunter relics, 149.

  • Stokes, Captain. Witnesses Maori methods of preserving birds, 194.

  • Studholme, E. C. Theory of Kapua deposit, 138; harvests of fish, 176.

  • Takiroa Rock-shelter. Rock paintings, 145.

  • Tasmanian Journal OF Science. Article by Colenso, 11.

  • Taylor, Rev. R. Discovery of Taranaki middens, 15, 38; returns to site, 40; extract from his diary, 45; date of extinction of Moa, 46, 47; method of hunting Moa, 184; stone implements in Salisbury Museum, 210; stone implements of Maori, 212; first hears name Moa, 232.

  • Tennyson, Lord. Quotations from, 115, 152.

  • Teviotdale, D. Explores Shag River camp, 30; identity of Moa-hunters, 34; conclusion regarding camp, 100; describes operations at Papa-towai camp, 121; explores Waitaki camp, 203.

  • Thorne, G. Discovers camp at Pataua, 102; his description of, 104; tools and egg-shell found, 107; the Moa and marine food, 109; his conclusions, 110.

  • Upokongaro Valley. Remarkable find of Moa bones, 137.

  • Usher, Bishop. His chronology, 3.

    page 260
  • Vaux, W. G. W. Views on Maori tradition, 229.

  • Waiapu, Bishop of. Reference to Kawana Paipai, 42.

  • Waimate. A comely town, 135.

  • Waingongoro River. Historic camp site, 36; described by Rev. R. Taylor, 38; described by Mantell, 39; references to middens, 49.

  • Waitaha tribe. Associated by Mantell with Awa-moa middens, 17; accumulate shell-heaps, 82; date of arrival, 222; cause of downfall, 244; traditions lost, 246.

  • Waitaki camp. Visited by Author, 141; description of, 159; erosion of, 159; little ground life, 161; significance of camp, 167; lay-out of camp, 168; absence of stratification, 172; source of food supply, 180; absence of crop-stones, 190; no evidence of manufacture, 199; egg-shell, 201; Dentalium shells, 202; two adzes discovered, 204; cause of camp's desertion, 245.

  • Waitaki hydro-electric works. Description of, 150; immense body of water discharged from river, 160.

  • Webb, J. S. Comment on Shag River camp investigation, 99.

  • Whatahoro, Te. Traditions of the Moa, 235.

  • White, John. References to Moa tradition, 232.

  • Williams, Bishop W. Sends first consignment of Moa bones to England, 10; bones brought to him, 232.

  • Woon, Garland. Letter on treatment of Moa skulls, 61, 187.

Printed by Thomas Avery & Sons Ltd., New Plymouth

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