Maori Religion and Mythology Part 1
Index
page 413
Index
A
- A, or Ha, and To, p. 160
- Absolutory rites, 317, 318, 344, 346.
- Abstraction, Maori power of, 34.
- Addenda: matter in original, 392.
- Adoration and placation, 24.
- Adultery, origin of, 106.
- Adzes, ceremonial stone, 388.
- Adzes, tapu, 84.
- Agriculture, human sacrifice connected with, 241.
- Ahi amoamohanga: first-fruits rite, 323.
- Ahi a Ue: subterranean fire, 325.
- Ahi horokaka: ceremonial fire, 320.
- Ahikomau: subterranean fire, 79, 115, 324.
- Ahi mahitihiti, or testing-fire, 321.
- Ahi manawa rite, 321, 383.
- Ahi marae: ceremonial performance, 320, 324.
- Ahi matini: a ceremony performed by fowlers, 321.
- Ahi parapara: a ceremony performed by eel-fishers, &c., 322.
- Ahi puaroa: a celestial phenomenon, 325.
- Ahi purakau: a tree-felling rite, 322.
- Ahi pure: a rite pertaining to exhumation, 323.
- Ahi rau huka: a rite performed by fowlers, 322.
- Ahi rokia: a charm employed by fowlers, 322.
- Ahi tahito: subterranean fire, 79.
- Ahi tahoka: a magic rite, 321.
- Ahi taitai: a tapu ceremonial fire, 321.
- Ahi tamawahine: a rite pertaining to agriculture, 323.
- Ahi ta ngutu: a tattooing rite, 323.
- Ahi tapairu: pertains to ceremonial feasts, 324.
- Ahi tapu, 318. See also Ahi, &c.; Fire; Imu; Umu.
- Ahi tapu in rites, 383, &c.
- Ahi taumata: a magic rite, 321.
- Ahi tipua: volcanic or subterranean fire, 325.
- Ahi tirehurehu: a fire pertaining to the ka mahunu rite, 321.
- Ahi torongu: a magic rite to destroy kumara pests, 323.
- Ahi umuroa: volcanic or subterranean fire, 325.
- Ahi whakaene: a magic rite, 323.
- Ahi whakamatiti: a magic rite, 323.
- Ahoaho o Tukapua, the Cloud House, 100, 394.
- Ahua: the semblance of an object or quality, 220.
- Ahumairangi: a sacred place, 396.
- Ahurangi and whiro: terms denoting character, 301.
- Ahurei: a sacred place, 274.
- Ahurewa: a sacred place, 274.
- Aitanga a Punga: insects and reptiles, 184.
- Aitua: personified form of misfortune, 64, 77.
- Aitupawa: a denizen of the uppermost heaven, 189, 198.
- All gods are one, 158.
- Altars. See Tuahu.
- Amonga: offerings, 206, 222.
- Amulets, 373.
- Ancestor-worship, 140, 212.
- Animatism, 40, 246.
- Anthropomorphic deities, 40.
- Ao, Te, represents light, 69, 70.
- Ao-hore, Te: connected with clouds, &c., 168, 188.
- Apa of twelve heavens: celestial beings, 74.
- Aputahi-a-paoa: personifies thunder, 198.
- Ara atua, or spirit-path, 336.
- Arai-te-uru: a mythical sea-monster, 181.
- Arawaru, Te: the parent of shell-fish, 77.
- Ari: a rice-name known to Maori, 244.
- Aria of gods: forms of incarnation, 190, 194, 207, 218.
- Aruhe, or edible fern-roots. See Haumia.
- Aspersion in rites, 343, 360, 367, 381. See also Immersion.
- Atahu ceremony, 367. See also Shell-fish.
- Atea, Vatea, and Watea: personified form of space, 66, 68, 183.
- Atua (gods, demons, &c.) and their activities, 192.
- Atua kahu, or cacodemons, 138, 192, 205, 206, 207, 208.
- Atua kiato, 250.
- Atua: meaning of term, 135, 136.
- Atua ngau tangata: man-assailing demons, 205.
- Atua
- Atua toro: spirit-gods employed as messengers, 194, 209.page 414
-
Atua whiro: malignant demons, 164.
- See also Mediums (Waka atua).
- Awa moana rite, 388.
- Awanui, a cacodemon, 208.
B
- Baldness, origin of, 83.
- Baptismal rite, 344. See also Tohi; Tua
- Barbaric man deeply religious, 10.
- Basket of Blessings obtained from sun, 171.
- Baskets of Knowledge, 103, 110, 397. See also Kete.
- Beneficent deities and their status, 51.
- Bird snaring, 321.
- Birds
- Birth, ceremonies pertaining to, 357. See also Baptism; Tohi; Tua.
- Birth, registration, primitive mode of, 362. See also Pou uekaha.
- Birth, tree, 365. See also Iho o Kataka; Phallic stones; Cedar.
- Bisexual beings, 63.
- Blood offerings, 223, 224.
- Bloodless offerings, 224.
- Bones of dead employed in rites, 377.
- Branchlets employed in ritual performances, 311, 318, 345, 360, 365, 366, 381.
- Breath-inhaling as a ceremonial act, 303.
- Breath of life, origin of, 121.
- Burial: sitting, 375.
- Burial: trussed, 375.
- Burns, charms employed to cure, 373.
C
- Cacodemons, 139. See also Atua kahu.
- Cannibalism, 226.
- Canoes and Tane, 172.
- Canoe, human sacrifice for new, 235.
- Canoe, rite performed over, at village latrine, 216.
- Cedar of Gilgit causes conception, 352. See also Iho o Kataka.
- Ceremonial swinging, 376.
- Character, Maori, 35, 36.
- Charms
- Children dedicated to Supreme Being, 154.
- Children of Rangi and Papa. See Offspring. See also Infants.
- Choking, charm to cure, 372.
- Christianity, borrowings of, 27.
- Christianity: its present aspect, 29.
- Civil law unknown in Maoriland, 38.
- Cloud Children, the, 100.
- Cloud House, the, 100, 394.
- Colenso on Maori religion, 51.
- Collection of ethnographical data, 11-12.
- Comet-names, 198.
- Comets personified, 198.
- Communism: its effects, 36: is repressive, 36.
- Conception caused by trees and stones, 351, 352, 365.
- Confession and absolution in Maori ritual, 317.
- Cook's remarks on Maori religion, 41, 42.
- Cosmogonal tree, 62, 63.
- Cosmogonic genealogies, 60, 61 on.
- Cosmogonic myths, 55.
- Creation of universe by Io, the Supreme Being, 63.
- Cult of Io, 38, 142. See also Io.
D
- Dancing, ceremonial, 348.
- Darkness and evil personified in Whiro, 185.
- Darkness, effects of, 113.
- Dawn Maid, the, 125. See also Hinetitama; Hine-nui-te-po; Tane.
- Dawn Maid opens the path of death, 129.
- Death, 112.
- Death
- Demiurges. See Io; Tane; Tangaroa; Tiki; Tu.
- Demoniacal possession, 204, 205, 206, 374.
- Demons. See Atua; Taniwha; Tipua.
- Denizens of twelve heavens, 74, 107.
- Diagnostic rites, 293, 294.
- Disease
- Divination, 240, 251, 278, 361. See also Matakite; Papa.
- Divinatory dancing, 299.
- Divine possession, 207.
- Divorce ritual, 86, 369.
E
- Ea and Kurawaka, 120.
- Earth Mother, the, 87.
- Earthquakes, cause of, 187.page 415
- Earthquakes personified. See Ruaumoko.
- Eel
- Elements, controllers of, 106.
- Empirical treatment of disease, 185, 293, 370.
- Esoteric beliefs difficult to acquire, 11-12.
- Europeans,
- Evil,
- Evolution of universe from chaos, 56-57.
- Exhumation, 377, 378.
- Exorcism, 295, 371.
F
- Family
- Fasting, 376.
- Feasts, ceremonial, 327, 328, 342.
- Female
- Fertility of seeds personified, 169.
- Fiji, human sacrifice at, 234, 239.
- Fire employed in ritual performances, 318.
- Fire-generation, 85.
- Fire generating
- Fire
- Fire-walking, 326. See also Rakahore.
- First-fruits offerings, 225.
- Fish
- Fisherman, rites performed by, 386.
- Folk-lore. See Taniwha; Personifications.
- Food
- Forest lore, 321. See also Birds.
G
- Genealogies, Maori, 48, 170, 171.
- Genealogies included in ritual formulae, 348.
- Generative organs, extraordinary powers of, 353, 354.
- Ghosts, 138. How laid, 326.
- God: meaning of term, 134, 135.
- Gods, Maori, 38, 134.
- Attitude of, towards man, 138.
- Classification of, 139.
- Departmental, 161.
- Fourth class, 140, 211.
- How influenced, 306.
- Not permanently malevolent, 162, 163.
- Offerings to, 383, 387. See also Atua; Offerings.
- Placation of, 223. See also Offerings.
- Spoke in whistling tone, 284.
- That die, 203.
- Third class, 190.
- See also Atua; War gods.
- Good and evil in all things, 113.
- Gratitude: misconception concerning this quality, 36.
- Great First Cause a Maori belief, 31.
- Guardians of universe. See Poutiriao.
- Guardians of villages, &c., 197.
H
- Ha and Io, demiurgic beings, 160.
- Haere, a rainbow deity, 197.
- Hair as aria of soul, 335.
- Hair as a medium in magic, &c., 329, 333, 334, 335, 374.
- Hair-cutting
- Hair
- Hakari, or sun feast, 342.
- Hallucination, 207.
- Haronga-rangi, 368.
- Hau, or vital aura of man, 382.
- Hauhauaitu, or nervousness, how cured, 353.
- Haumia: a personification, 184.
- Hawaiki
- Hawaikinui, 107, 401.
- Headache, how cured, 373, 374.
- Heavenly bodies page 416
- Heavens
- Hell: its invention and the effects thereof, 29, 30.
- Hell, Maori erroneously credited with belief in, 42.
- High gods of low races, 155.
- Hika: double meaning of term, 319.
- Hina
- Hine-ahu-one, the Earth-formed Maid, 67, 122, 123, 403.
- Hine-a-tauira, a daughter of Tane, 125.
- Hine-i-tapeka personifies subterranean fire, 188.
- Hine-kapua, the Cloud Maid, 125, 198.
- Hine-makohu, the Mist Maid, 114 See also Mist Maid.
- Hine-maunga, the Mountain Maid, 166.
- Hine-moana
- Hine-nui-te-po of the underworld, 128, 129.
- Hine-puia personifies volcanoes, 188.
- Hine-raumati, the Summer Maid, 181.
- Hine-rau-angiangi, 125.
- Hine-rau-wharangi and vegetation, 125, 126, 403.
- Hine-takurua, the Winter Maid, 181.
- Hine-te-iwaiwa (Hina) and moon, 358, 360.
- Hine-te-uira, the Lightning Maid, 125, 198.
- Hine-tinaku, 358.
- Hine-titama
- Hine-tu-a-hoanga, the Sandstone Maid, 166, 168.
- Hine-uku, the Clay Maid, 188.
- Hinutohu, Te, a sister of Tangaroa, 79.
- Hinutohu, Te, and Ruaumoko, 392.
- Hirihiri rite, 375.
- Hirihiri taua rite, 353-354.
- Hoa rakau charm, 379.
- Hoa tapuwae charm, 385
- Hono-i-wairua: meeting-place of souls of dead, 107, 401.
- House, human sacrifice for new, 231.
- Huaki-pouri: abode of Tane, 86.
- Hui-te-ananui: abode of Tangaroa, 181.
- Human sacrifice, 222, 228.
- Hurihanga a Mataaho: overturning of Earth Mother, 87.
- Hurihanga takapau: tapu-removing rite, 384.
- Hurumanu: origin of sea-birds, 109, 169-170.
- Huru-mawake: the east wind, 368.
- Huru-nuku: the north wind, 368.
- Hypnotism, 268.
I
- Idolatory unknown, 247.
- Ihiihi: signification of term, 189.
- Iho o Kataka: a tree that caused conception, 351.
- Ihorangi, Te: personified form of rain, 77, 81, 108.
- Iho tamariki: umbilical cord, 336. Disposal of, 359, 370. See also Pito.
- Iho taua ritual, 381.
- Ihu-parapara and Uenuku: a myth, 196.
- Ikaroa, Te: the Milky Way, 91, 110.
- Images, 247, 249, 255.
- Images, Moriori, 254.
- Immersion in rites, 302, 344, 345, 361. See also Aspersion; Water; Baptism.
- Imu pararahi: a ceremonial oven, 328.
- Indra, 350.
- Infant dedicated to gods, 359.
- Infant dedicated to Supreme Being, 364.
- Insane person, rite performed over, 374.
- Insects, &c., origin of, 166, 398.
- Invocations, rare, 307, 308. See also Charms; Karakia.
- Io
- the Supreme Being, 25, 31, 70, 74, 114, 138, 142.
- an ancient concept, 157.
- and iho, 148.
- and Jehovah, 148, 150.
- and Tane, 394-400.
- and Tiki, 131.
- a remote deity, 159.
- as a demiurge, 63, 67.
- abode of, 74, 146.
- concept of, not degraded, 153.
- cult of, 38, 52.
- had no parents, no offspring, 145.
- infants dedicated to, 359.
- invocations to, 123, 302, 303, 304, 363, 391, 410.
- known at Tahiti and Rarotonga, 147.
- Io-mataaho, 153.page 417
- Io
- Io-wahine, 130.
- Ira, Eel God, 349.
- Ira atua and ira tangata, 61, 122, 124.
- Irihia, land of, 111, 224.
- Irirangi, land of, 224.
- Island names, 57, 320.
- Isolation causes variation, 56.
J
K
- Kahukura: personified form of rainbow, 193, 252.
- Kahukura guides mariners, 194.
- Kahu-parauri: a forbear of certain birds, 169.
- Kahurangi and ariki, 74.
- Kainga huna a Tane, or underworld, 171.
- Kai popoa: tapu food for ceremonial purposes, 226, 377.
- Kai ure rite, 353.
- Karakia (charms, incantations, invocations, spells), 370 on.
- Karakia atahu, or love charms, 367, 368.
- Karakia
- Karakia kai ure, 353.
- Karakia maioha recited over infant, 127, 403.
- Karakia
- Karakia ngau paepae, 355.
- Karakia oho rangi, to cause thunder, 361.
- Karakia
- Karakia tohi tamariki: baptismal formulae, 363.
- Karakia toko: divorce ritual, 86, 369.
- Karakia to render trees fertile, 169.
- Karakia tuaumu: a spell, 380.
- Karakia tuku, 358.
- Karakia whakapiri, a marriage rite, 366.
- Karakia whakato, to cause conception, 124, 126.
- Karakia whakau, 379. See also Charms; Invocations; Kawa.
- Karamu branch used in rites, 318.
- Kaupeka slain, 84.
- Kawa charms, 365.
- Kawa ora. 336, 365.
- Kehua. See Ghosts.
- Kete aronui: the Basket of Good, 103, 397.
- Kete o te wananga: Baskets of Knowledge, 397.
- Kete pure: receptacle pertaining to a priest, 383.
- Kete tuatea: the Basket of Evil, 103.
- Kete tuauri: the Basket of Ritual, 103.
- Kirimate: relatives of dead during period of mourning, 376.
- Kite-flying as a divinatory act, 298.
- Kiwa as guardian of the ocean, 108, 167.
- Kiwa, Great Ocean of: a name for the wide seas, 77.
- Knowledge and mana, how transmitted, 357.
- Koangaumu rite, 379.
- Kore, Te: chaos primeval, 60, 66.
- Koromatua: ancestral spirits, 212.
- Kouka of latrine represents death, 356.
- Kumara: crop-lifting, 323.
- Kumara "gods" (so called), 179, 257.
- Kumara, mauri of, 243. See also Pani.
- Kura hau awatea, or solar halo, 269.
- Kurawaka: the mons veneris of the Earth Mother, 121.
- Kuwatawata: janitor of entrance to underworld, 75, 77, 78, 107, 109, 128.
L
- Land contracted, &c., by magic, 385.
- Latrines, rites performed at, 276, 356
- Left thigh in ritual performances, 326, 367, 372.
- Light
- Lightning gods, 198.
- Lightning personified, 198.
- Linga gods, 165.
- Lizards, 184.
- as guardians, 210.
- and kotipu, 323.
- and Rakaiora, 253.
- as representing spirit-gods, 207, 219.
- origin of, 166.
- represent Whiro, 185.
- to be viviparous, 119.
- Love charms, 345.
- Luck stone or talisman of pa, 197.
- Lustral rites, 318. See also Rites; Aspersion; Immersion; Water.
M
- Magic, 187, 245, 268, 326, 337, 338, 352, 372.
- Magic and religion, 15.
- Mahora-nui-atea: the great ocean, 101, 395.
- Mahora-nui-atea as a personification, 66.
- Mahutonga of Kurahaupo, 218.
- Maiki-nui, Maiki-roa, &c., personify disease, 108, 110, 115.
- Maioha rite over infant, 127, 403.
- Makaka charm, 383.
- Male and female sexes, functions of, 124, 125.
- Man of divine origin, 213.
- Mana
- Manea: an aura-like quality of man, 220.
- Manu-hauturuki: daughter of Rau-te-pupuke, 393.
- Many gods in one, 25.
- Maori
- Marae of Polynesia, 277.
- Marae-nui: a term for the ocean, 101, 395.
- Marama i whanake: the waxing moon, 91.
- Mareikura and Whatukura: celestial beings, 74, 146.
- Marquesan voyagers, 171.
- Marriage customs, 366.
- Maru, an atua: personified form of celestial phenomenon, 198.
- Mataaho and Io-mataaho, 87.
- Matakite, or divination, 278, 409 See also Divination; Seers; Karakia.
- Matangireia: the abode of Io, 146.
- Mataora and Niwareka, 392.
- Matapou charm: a magic spell, 386.
- Matini: offerings to aitu, 322. See also Ahi matini.
- Matini: a term applied to summer, 94.
- Maui termed Supreme Being by early writers, 42, 45.
- Maungaharo: a mountain of old homeland, 107,401.
- Maunga hirthiri: sacred mountains, 371.
- Maunga-nui, Tane ascends, 87.
- Maunga-nui in Polynesia, 320.
- Mauri
- Mawe: the semblance of an object, place, or quality, 220, 333.
- Media of gods, 218, 266.
- Functions of, 207.
- Medical research unknown, 185.
- Memoirs of Polynesian Society, 10.
- Memorizing-powers of Maori, 48.
- Mentality of Maori, 34, 35, 36, 37, 71, 153.
- Miri aroha, or love effacing rite, 369.
- Missionary condemnation of Maori, 35.
- Mist Maid and Uenuku (the rainbow), 195.
- Mist Maid, abode of, 100.
- Moana a kura, 393.
- Moana i Orongo: sacred waters of uppermost heaven, 102, 396.
- Moe-ahuru, the Star Mother, 89, 91.
- Mohaka's raid on Ruatahuna, 282.
- Moko: lizard and crocodile, 188.
- Moko-huruhuru: a phosphorescent creature, 80.
- Monotheism, 158.
- Moon and Water of Life, 96.
- Moon cult obscured, 171.
- Moon-goddess connected with women, birth, and art of weaving, 358.
- Moon-gods, 149.
- Moon-lore, 181.
- Moon myths. See Hina; Rona; Rongo.
- Moon, names of, 91.
- Moon-worship, 341.
- Moral characteristics of Maori, 36.
- Moral "debasement" of Maori, 36.
- Morality and religion, 21, 22, 26, 161.
- Mortuary memorials, offerings to, 227.
- Mortuary sacrifice, 237, 244.
- Mounds formed in ritual performances, 120, 366.
- Mua: a sacred place, &c., 252, 272.
- Muriwai hou ki Rarohenga: descent to underworld, 78.
- Myth and religion inseparable, 10, 16, 33, 54.
- Myths in the making, 113.
- Myths origin of, 207.
N
- Nature-gods, 137, 140, 171, 192, 193 on, 215.
- Nelson's sun-feast data, 342.
- Nepia Pohuhu, the tohunga, 67.
- Nervousness, how cured, 353.
- Nest-house of newly born infant, 358.
- Ngana and Ngangana, 188, 189.
- Ngatoro-i-rangi of Te Arawa, 170, 171.
- Ngau paepae rite, 101, 355.
- Ngau taringa, a singular usage, 357.
- Niu method of divination, 285 on.
- Niwareka, genealogy of, 392.
- Nuke-te-aio: a being connected with Whare-kura, 98.
O
- Ocean
- Ochre, 167, 168.
- Origin of, 85.
- Offerings
- Ohaoha ritual of marriage, 366.
- Ohomairangi: a celestial being, 102.
- Ohonga: medium in sympathetic magic, 220.
- Ohorangi rite to cause thunder, 361.
- Omens, 210.
- One god with many names, 149.
- Oracles, 252, 278. See also Divination; Matakite.
- Origin of Maori, 224.
- Orongonui: night of moon, 178.
- Orongonui as a season-name, 100, 110.
- Ovens, ceremonial, 327-328. See also Imu; Umu.
P
- Pa, human sacrifice for new, 236.
- Paerangi, Te: the Tane v. Whiro contest, 116.
- Paia and Tane, 81, 83.
- Pani and the kumara, 120.
- Pani appealed to in karakia, 374. See also Hine-tinaku.
- Paoa, 100.
- Papa of matakite, or prophecy, 281.
- Papa the Parentless: the Earth Mother, 87.
- Papa-tiraharaha: the Earth Mother, 88.
- Papa-tuanuku: the Earth Mother, 88.
- Parangeki: spirits of the dead, 79.
- Parauri: a "parent" of birds, 77, 169.
- Paraweranui: the south, a honorific term, 101.
- Para-whenuamea: personified form of water, 166, 167.
- Parturition, 359, 360.
- Patu tawaka: an old time weapon, 106, 400.
- Pele-honuamea: personified form of volcanic fire, 188.
- Personifications, 65, 109, 115, 118, 125, 126, 128, 162, 166 on, 340, 394.
- Personifications of volcanic phenomena, 78, 88.
- Personification, Maori genius for, 34, 35, 40.
- Personified forms of mental conditions, &c., 57.
- Phallic
- Phallus, powers of, in Maori belief, 353.
- Phallus, protective powers of, 338.
- Pia, or scholars of School of Learning, 266.
- Pipipi o te rangi: a celestial phenomenon, 105.
- Pito, or umbilical cord, of child placed in stone, 370, 371. See also Iho.
- Plants, sentient spirits of, 242, 243.
- Po, Te: primal chaos and darkness, &c., 69, 70, 80.
- Po, Te: use and meaning of term, 58, 59, 66.
- Popoa, or sacred food, 226, 377.
- Pou-te-aniwaniwa: a being connected with rainbows, 193.
- Poutere-rangi: the meeting-place of souls of dead, 107.
- Poutiriao, or guardians of universe, 106, 400, 401.
- Poutiriao as a place-name, 400.
- Pou uekaha: primitive form of birth-registration, 362.
- Pouwaka: a small elevated hut, 202.
- Powers, singular statements anent the Maori, 49.
- Prayer practically unknown, 308.
- Priests and their duties, 53. See also Tohunga; Seers.
- Primal offspring
- Prophecies of coming of Europeans, 300, 301.
- Proverbs, &c., 123, 129, 180, 203, 393.
- Puhaorangi: a celestial being, 102, 114, 189.
- Pukenui a Papa: a ceremonial mound, 366.
- Puna a Tinirau: mythical origin of fish, 180.
- Punaweko personifies land-birds, 77, 121, 166, 169.
- Punishment of wrong-doing comes in this world, 38.
- Pupil slays teacher by magic arts, 245.
- Pure rite, 84, 102, 104, 107.
- Puri: a grade of priest, 266.
- Pu-whakahara: a forbear of trees, 77.
- Puwhenua, or subterranean dwelling, 86.
Q
- Qualities personified, 69.
R
- Ra (sun), wives of, 181.
- Ra and Ra-tum of Egypt, 96.
- Races with no religion, 20
- Rain charms, 389.
- Rainbow personified, 193.
- Rakahore personifies rock, 167
- Rakahore and fire, 115.
- Rakaiora represents lizards, 200.
- Raka-maomao represents the south, 77.
- Ra-kura: the red sun, 76, 91.
- Ranga: a tuahu, or sacred place, 330.
- Rangahua, 77.
- Rangahua and stones, 166, 167.
- Rangi and Papa
- Rangiatea in uppermost heaven, 103.
- Rara-taunga-rere personifies fruitfulness, 166, 169.
- Rarohenga: the underworld of spirits, 75, 78, 109.
- Ra tum and ra tumu, 175.
- Raukakai, or sacrifice, 232.
- Raurau, divinatory rite, 297.
- Rauroha, Te: abode of denizens of uppermost heaven, 146, 153.
- Ra-wheoro, Te: a School of Learning, 111.
- Rehu-o-Tainui: a cacodemon, 206.
- Rehua
- Religion
- and morality, 21, 22, 26.
- characteristics of, 29.
- concerned with Maori industrial activities, 11.
- definition of, 12.
- feelings that produce, 31.
- impinged upon social life, 11.
- inner beliefs not readily divulged, 41.
- in the making, 113, 154.
- intolerance in, 30.
- its effects, 29.
- no national system in Maoriland, 141.
- of Maori according to early writers, 9, 42.
- of Maori, different phases of, 11.
- of Maori, survey of, 33.
- origin of, 16, 22.
- personal, 52.
- stages of development, 29.
- three phases of, 30.
- two phases of, 53.
- Religions
- Religious
- Riaki, Te: a graduate of the School of Learning, 147.
- Right and left sides, 372. See also Left.
- Rites
- Ritual formulae, 305 on. See also Karakia.
- Ritual performances, 305, &c.
- Rock, origin of, 166.
- Rohe of the underworld, 129.
- Roiho and Roake, 182.
- Rona and the moon, 96, 97, 178.
- Rongo, 210.
- Rongomai: the parent of Kahukura, 193, 201.
- Rongomai-tahanui: a guardian of heavenly bodies, 94.
- Rongomai-tu-waho: a guardian of the ocean, 108, 110.
- Rongo-maraeroa: Rongo as pertaining to ocean, 77, 176.
- Rongo-ma-Tane: a dual deity, 64, 177.
- Rongo-nui-a-tau, 179, 194, 252, 254.
- Rongo-patahi of Takitumu, 216.
- Rongo-takawhiu, 202.
- Rono of Accadia, 178.
- Rua and Tangaroa, 180.
- Rua of the many names personifies knowledge, 121.
- Ruahine, or priestess, 271.
- Rua-i-te-mahara personifies thought, &c., 393.
- Rua-i-te-pukenga, 98, 99.
- Ruamano: a sea denizen and taniwha, 181.
- Ruatau: celestial being, 189.
- Ruatua and Rehua, 81, 99, 146.
- Rua-te-hohonu: a personification of knowledge, 401.
- Rua-te-pupuke: a personification of knowledge, 393.
- Rua-tupua-nui: connected with Atea at Tahiti, 68.page 421
- Ruaumoko
- Ruawharo of Takitumu, 216.
S
- Sacred
- Sakti: destructive energy of female sex, 354.
- Saliva
- Sand Maid: a personification, 166, 167.
- Scapegoat performance, 318.
- Scholars of School of Learning, titles of, 266
- School of Learning, 266.
- Search for the female element, 119.
- Seers, 211, 271, 278 on, 409. See also Matakite; Spirit-gods and their manifestations.
- Seers, initiatory rite over, 301.
- Sexes. See Female; Male; Woman.
- Sexual warfare, 123.
- Shamanism, 207, 208.
- Sharks, 401.
- Sharks, origin of, 108.
- Shell-fish as a love messenger, 368.
- Sickness: diagnostic rite, 371.
- Sickness, treatment of, 204, 293, 370.
- Siva of India and crescent moon, 350, 354, 355.
- Sky and Earth (see also Earth Mother; Papa; Rangi)—
- Sneezing, 121, 123.
- Solar halo produced by magic, 268.
- Songs: a native recites 406 songs, 48.
- Sooterkins, 255.
- Soul despatched to spirit-world, 375.
- Soul, origin of, 121. See also Wairua; Spirit.
- Spirit survives death of body, 214.
- Spiritual guardians of man, 210.
- Star experts carried on deep-sea voyages, 217, 408.
- Star-lore, 91, 92, 93, 94.
- Stars, origin of, 125-126.
- Still-born child: spirit of becomes an atua, 205. See also Cacodemons.
- Stone images, 255.
- Stone talisman protects crops, 179.
- Stones
- Suicide, 239.
- Summer Maid, the: a personification, 181.
- Sun
- Sun-worship, 339.
- Sun-worship a natural sequence, 172.
- Supernormal forbears of man mentioned in ritual formulae, 64.
- Superstition
- Supreme Being liable to be neglected, 155, 156.
- Supreme Being, Maori concept of, 142. See also Io.
T
- Taha atua: vessels to contain gods, 216.
- Taha rakau: wooden vessels, 408.
- Taheke-roa: the path of death, descent to underworld, 112.
- Tahora-atea; Tahora-nui-atea: expressions denoting the vast expanse of ocean, 93, 128, 188.
- Tahu personifies food, 202.
- Tahuaroa: a term applied to the ocean, 101.
- Tahu-makaka-nui: honorific name for west wind, 101.
- Tahu-mawake-nui: honorific name for east wind, 101.
- Taiwhetuki, the House of Death, 116.
- "Takitumu" canoe, coming of, 216.
- Takutaku rite, 372.
- Tama-i-waho: a celestial being, 189.
- Tamarau recited his genealogy in three days, 48.
- Tamatea-ariki-nui, 407.
- Tama-te-uira personifies lightning, 77, 108, 198.
- Tamoe rite, 383.
- Tane, 64, 70, 137.
- and Hine-ahu-one, 171.
- and Io meet, 396.
- and male principle, 132.
- and Paia receive new names, 87.
- and trees, 120.page 422
- as a demiurge, 123, 128.
- as a guardian, 109.
- as a forbear of inanimate matter, 166.
- as origin of birds, 169.
- as the sun, 95.
- ascends to uppermost heaven, 99, 394.
- attacked by Whiro, 101.
- functions of, 165.
- genealogical line of descent from, 170.
- in Polynesia, 165, 173.
- Tane-i-te-hiringa, 174.
- Tane
- Tane-rore, 118.
- Tane-te-hokahoka, 77, 109, 110, 118, 170.
- Tane-te-po-tiwha, 96, 171.
- Tane-te-waiora represents sunlight, 96.
- Tane
- Tangaroa, 77
- Tangaroa-a-roto, 181.
- Tangaroa
- Tangaroa-whakamau-tai, 180.
- Tangotango, alias Tongatonga, 90.
- Taniwha
- Tapu, 42, 209, 263, 270, 280, 317.
- Tapuwae charm, 386. See also Hoa.
- Tatai arorangi: astronomical lore, 91.
- Tattooing, 323.
- Taumaha rite, 387.
- Taumata atua: shrines of spirit-gods, 179, 257.
- Taumata: a magic rite, 382.
- Taura: scholars of School of Learning, 266.
- Tawhaki: a being connected with lightning, 198.
- Tawhiri-matea: personified form of winds, 77, 183.
- Tawhiri-rangi personifies wind, 77.
- Tawhito (generative organs), remarkable powers of, 353, 354, 357.
- Taylor's just remarks on Maori religion, 49.
- Temples unknown, 39, 143.
- Theogony, Maori, 135 on. Thunder personified, 198.
- Tihi o Manono: a mountain of homeland, 101, 107, 401.
- Tiki, 120, 175.
- Tiki-tohua, Tiki-kapakapa, 127.
- Tiki-tol (Tiki-toro) is Tiki the Generator, 350.
- Tiki
- Tini o Pepetua: insects, &c., 396.
- Tinirau of the ocean, 180.
- Tira ora rite, 120, 366.
- Tiri, or ara atua: an exorcistic rite, 336.
- Titau makes good his prophecy, 283.
- Tohi a Tu: a baptismal rite, 381. See also Tohi taua.
- Tohi: a baptismal rite, 124, 127, 344, 347.
- Tohi tamariki: a baptismal rite, 359, 360.
- Tohi taua: a lustral rite, 381.
- Tohinga River of homeland, 128.
- Tohunga
- Tohunga tarahau, 360.
- Tohunga waitohi, 361.
- Toi huarewa: the whirlwind path to heaven, 100.
- Toi-o-nga-rangi: uppermost of twelve heavens, 146.
- Tonga-apai: an isle of the Pacific, 320.
- Tonga-ruru: possibly one of the isles of Polynesia, 320.
- Tongatonga, or Tangotango, 90.page 423
- Travellers, 325.
- Travellers and voyagers, rites performed by, 385.
- Tree causes conception, 351.
- Tree, cosmogonal, 62, 63.
- Tree planted at birth of child, 364, 365.
- Trees, origin of, 118. See also Vegetation.
- Tu
- Tua o Rongo: ceremonial performance, 359.
- Tua o Tu: ceremonial performance, 359.
- Tua rite: baptismal function, 319.
- Tuahu, or sacred places, 272.
- Tuamatua represents rocks and stones, 77, 167.
- Tuanuku: a name for the Earth Mother, 81.
- Tuapa of death, 376.
- Tuapa rite to lay ghost, 326.
- Tuapa tamariki: a protective talisman, 365.
- Tuapana charm, 389.
- Tuatara (Sphenodon punctatum), 184.
- Tuatara allied to birds, 119.
- Tu-korako: a personification, 195, 201.
- Tuku wairua, or soul-despatching rite, 375.
- Tuna and Hina: phallic eel and moon-goddess, 349, 350.
- Tunui-a-te-ika: a third-class deity, 197.
- Tuora and waiora: their signification, 365, 366.
- Turakanga rite, 365.
- Turanga a tohu: a divinatory dance, 299.
- Turuma, or latrine, 356. See also Latrines; Ngau paepae.
- Tutara-kauika: a name for the right whale, 181.
- Tu-te-aniwaniwa: the abode of Whiro, 86.
- Tutelary beings, 137, 162, 174.
- Tu-te-wehiwehi represents reptiles, 183.
- Twelve
U
- Uenuku: a personified form of rainbow, 194.
- Uenuku and the Mist Maid: a nature myth, 195.
- Uenuku-rangi and Ihu-parapara: a myth, 406.
- Uenuku-tuwhatu: a stone that caused conception, 350.
- Uepoto, first member of primal offspring, enters the world, 80.
- Uetonga of the underworld, 392.
- Uha, or female element, 121, 122.
- Umbilical cord. See Iho; Pito.
- Umu, or steam-ovens, ceremonial, 328, &c.
- Umu hiki rite, 328, 356.
- Umu kotore, or marriage feast, 366.
- Umu parapara, 323.
- Umu pera, 328.
- Umu pongipongi: a. magic rite, 329.
- Umu potaka, 228.
- Umu pururangi rite, 328.
- Umu ruahine, 328.
- Umu ti, 327.
- Umu tuakaha, 328.
- Umu tukupara, 328.
- Umu whangai rite, 329, 359.
- Unbiased judgement often difficult, 33, 34.
- Ure, or male organ, protective powers of, 338.
- Urinal, rites performed at, 326. See also Latrines; Ngau paepae; Turuma.
- Uru, Land of, 224.
- Uruahu: a sacred place, 277.
- Uru and Ngana in native myth, 188, 189.
- Uru-te-ngangana of the primal offspring, 75, 76, 82, 114, 125, 188, 189.
- Uruuru whenua ceremony, 227.
V
- Vatea, Watea, Atea: a personification, 183.
- Vegetation, growth of, personified, 126, 127.
- Vegetation, guardians of, 109.
- Volcano names of Pacific isles, 320.
- Volcanic phenomena, origin of, 88, 188. See also Ruaumoko.
W
- Wahieroa: personified form of comets, 198.
- Wahine kaihau, or priestesses, 328.
- Wai kotikoti: tapu waters at which ceremonial acts were performed, 329.
- Wai matua: unpolluted waters of the earth, 363.
- Wai matua o Tuapapa: unpolluted waters of the Earth Mother, 270, 343.
- Wainui-atea: personified form of the ocean, 68.
- Waiora a Tane: waters of life, sunlight, 96.
- Waiora, tuora, hauora, signification of, 365, 366.
- Wai-o-Rongomai: sacred waters in eleventh heaven, 153.
- Wairua: souls, spirits, 220. See also Soul.page 424
- Wai tapu: tapu waters where rites were performed, 336, 343.
- Wai taua: a war rite, 380.
- Wai whakaiho: a place for ceremonial performances, 343.
- Wai whakaika: tapu waters where ceremonial acts were performed, 329.
- Waka atua: medium of an atua, 266.
- Wananga: esoteric knowledge, 103, 105, 398.
- Wananga, three "baskets" of, 397.
- War ceremonies, 379, 380.
- War-god, origin and development of a, 206.
- War-gods, 139, 140.
- War-party, ceremonial return of, 384.
- Watch viewed as an atua, 37, 136.
- Watea, Vatea, Atea: personifies space, 183.
- Watea separated Sky and Earth, 69.
- Water
- Waters of Life, 96.
- Waters, sacred, 330, 343. See also Wai tapu; Wai kotikoti; Wai whakaika, &c.
- "W.B." on Maori religion, 51.
- Weapons, charms repeated over, 379.
- Weather charms, 389.
- Wehenga kauki: monsters of the ocean, 181.
- Wehi-nui-o-mamao: a celestial being connected with stars, 93, 94.
- Wero-i-te-ninihi: a star name, 94
- Whakaepa: a. conciliatory rite, 280.
- Whakaha ceremony, 303, 357.
- Whakanoho manawa rite to restore life, 296.
- Whakaruaumoko. See Ruaumoko.
- Whakatauki, 393. See also Proverbs.
- Whakau rite, 377.
- Whanau akaaka: the repulsive hordes of Whiro, 396.
- Whanau a Rangi: the primal offspring, 190.
- Whanau marama: the Children of Light, 90.
- Whangai hau rite, 382.
- Wharau-rangi: the abode of Rongo, 87.
- Whare kahu, or foetus hut, 358.
- Whare kohanga, or birth hut, 358.
- Whare-kura: first house of learning on earth, 98, 399.
- Whare-kura: abode of Tangaroa in ninth heaven (Samoa), 182.
- Whare o aitua: origin of misfortune, 121, 354.
- Whare o te ora: origin of welfare, 354.
- Whata puaroa: a tapu place, 273.
- Whatukura and Mareikura: denizens of uppermost heaven, 74, 104, 146.
- Whatu kura: tapu stones, 105, 111.
- Whatu kura a Tane, 111.
- Whatu kura a Tangaroa, 111.
- Whatu of a house: a talismanic object, 232.
- Whatu of a whare wananga, or School of Learning, 147.
- Whiro-te-tipua: personifies form of darkness and evil, 76, 114, 164, 185.
- Whiro-te-tipua as origin of disease and sickness, 185.
- Whiro-te-tipua attacks Tane: Darkness versus Light contest, 114, 396.
- Whiro-te-tipua, offerings to, 186.
- Whiro-te-tipua quarrels with his brethren, 82, 83.
- Whiro-te-tipua retires to underworld, 115.
- Whiro the Polynesian voyager confused with above Whiro, 186.
- Whiro-nui an immigrant by "Nukutere" canoe, 186.
- Wind
- Winds, honorific names of, 84. See also Huru-mawake; Huru-nuku.
- Winds. See Tawhiri-matea.
- Winter Maid, the: a personification, 181.
- Woman
- Worship: no true worship known, 39, 40.