1 | Wellington Co-operative Book Society Ltd. 'A Readers* Bookshop', 1939. H. O. Roth. Private collection |
2 |
Tomorrow, 21 July 1937 (v.3, n.19), p.593 |
3 | J. F. Ewen, quoted in '25 Years Old. Progressive Book Society Ltd.', leaflet, [1961]. Author's collection. Several other members of the Progressive Book Society also recall the name 'Basham's Bomb Shop' having been coined by Robin Hyde. On the London 'Bomb Shop' see S. Hodges, Gollancz. The Story of a Publishing House 1928-1978. London: Victor Gollancz Ltd, 1978, p.134 |
4 | R. Hyde, 'Jack Basham's Bookshop. Land of the Free—Since When?', New Zealand Observer, 11 June 1936, p.11 |
5 | Letterhead on letter from D. Basham to D. Lyon, 27 July 1936. C1 36/959: box 152. National Archives |
6 | Hyde, 'Jack Basham's Bookshop' |
7 | Progressive Books Ltd. Prospectus, 1937. Robert Lowry Papers. Ms Papers A-194: box 1, folder 4. University of Auckland Library |
8 | Ibid. |
9 | Ibid. |
10 | 'BigNewsfor Progressive Books', InPrint, 10 Feb. 1943, p.2 |
11 | H. W. Rhodes. Interview with author, 4 June 1985 |
12 | Communist Party of New Zealand (Christchurch branch). LPC minutes, 24 Apr. 1937; ms notes on bookshop, [nd]; circular, [nd] .Jack Locke Deposit: item 7. University of Canterbury Library |
13 | CPNZ (Christchurch branch). Executive minutes, 16 Mar. 1937; ms notes on bookshop, [nd]. Locke Deposit: 12, 7 |
14 | 'Organisational proposals', [1938?]. Locke Deposit: 12 |
15 | N.M.Taylor, The New Zealand People at War: The Home Front. Wellington: Historical Publications Branch, Department of Internal Affairs/Government Printer, 1986, pp.218-19 |
16 | Christchurch Co-operative Book Society Ltd. Minutes of first general meeting, 31 Oct. 1938. Christchurch Co-operative Book Society. Minute books, 1938-1970. Ace 90-259. Alexander Turnbull Library; Workers' Weekly, 25 Nov. 1938, p.4 |
17 | Clarte Book Room. Booklists, [1920s-1930s]. Roth collection; correspondence. Mark Silverstone Papers. Ms Papers 1016:
page 256
box 1. Hocken Library; K. Sinclair, Walter Nash. Auckland: Auckland University Press/Oxford University Press, 1976, p.62 |
18 | B.A. Fortune. Interview with author, 7 Sept. 1985 |
19 | Fortune. Letter to author, 10 Oct. 1985 |
20 | Ibid. |
21 | Wellington Co-operative Book Society Ltd. Minutes of inaugural meeting, 28 Nov. 1938. Wellington Co-operative Book Society Ltd. Papers, 1938-1970. Ms Papers 1122: box 5/1. Alexander Turnbull Library |
22 |
Workers' Weekly, 16 Nov. 1935, p.4,7 May 1937, p.-4 |
23 |
Otago Daily Times, 13 Mar. 1940, p.6; P. and W. Powell. Interview with author, 22 Oct. 1989 |
24 |
Co-operative Book News, Nov.-Dec. 1942 (v.1, n.11), p.1 |
25 | Revising Barrister to Registrar of Industrial and Provident Societies, 26 Mar. 1945; W. L. Robertson to Mrs Harris, 27 Feb. 1945. Modern Books, Dunedin. Papers, 1944-55. Ms Papers 711. Hocken Library; Co-op Books (Dunedin ed.), Apr. 1945 (v.2, n.4), p.[1] |
26 | Dunedin Co-operative Book Society Ltd. Application for incorporation, 28 Aug. 1944. Dunedin Modern Books Papers |
27 | New Zealand Co-operative Book Society, Ltd. 'Meeting Books on New Terms', 1938. Roth collection |
28 | 'Editorial Purposes', CB, Nov. 1943 (v.1, n.1), p.[1] |
29 | WA. Poole, Co-operative Retailing in New Zealand [Wellington]: NZ Institute of Economic Research, 1969; 'Consumer Cooperatives in Auckland', Borer, June 1937 (v.1, n.6), p.6; 'Like a Bush-fire', Union t Record, 1 Apr. 1947 (v.7, n.9), p.8,1 May 1947 (v.7, n.10), p.6 |
30 | Rhodes. Letter to author, Oct. 1985 |
31 | W. L. Robertson, Co-operative Onekaka. A Challenge to the Labour Movement. [1941]; Final Statement. Wellington: the author, 1950. See also C. Moore, 'Paradise Ignored', Evening Post, 9 Feb. 1991, pp.27-8 |
32 | 'Co-op Books and the Co-operative Movement', CB, Jan. 1944 (v.1, n.3), p.3 |
33 | W. J. Scott, 'Books and Readers', Tomorrow, 26 Apr. 1939 (v.5, n.13), pp.405-6 |
34 | A. Jackson-Thomas, quoted in F. Folster, 'Progressive Books', Craccum, 15 Mar. 1976, p.7 |
35 | O. N. Gillespie, 'NZ Authors', Tomorrow, 30 Oct. 1953 (v.2, n.1), p.20 |
36 | J. W. Winchester. Conversation with author, 12 Jan. 1987 |
37 | R.E. Reynolds. Interview with author, 20 Jan. 1987 |
38 | 'Meeting Books on New Terms' |
39 | Jackson-Thomas, 'The Wellington Cooperative Book Society', Tomorrow, 19 July 1939 (v.5, n.19), p.588 |
40 | 'A Readers' Bookshop' |
41 | Rules of the Progressive Book Society Ltd, [1937]. Roth collection |
42 | Jackson-Thomas. Interview with author, 8 Sept. 1985; E. Coyne. Interview with author, 10 Sept. 1985 |
43 |
CBN, June 1942 (v.1, n.6), p.1 |
44 | Scott, 'Books and Readers'; Robertson, 'Co-operation and the Labour Movement', CBN, Feb. 1942 (v.1, n.3), p.8 |
45 | Chairman's report, Oct. 1941. CCBS minutes |
46 | Rhodes interview |
47 | 'An Objection to the Bookshop', CBN, Feb. 1942 (v.1, n.3), p.3 |
48 | Chairman's report, Oct. 1941-Oct. 1942. CCBS minutes |
49 | Minutes of first general meeting, 31 Oct. 1938 |
50 | Rhodes correspondence |
51 | H. E. Fenton, 'Why Not Now?', CBN, Oct. 1942 (v.1, n.10o), p.1 |
52 | Fenton, 'Co-operation—for what?', CBN, June 1942 (v.1, n.6), p.2 |
53 | Robertson, 'What is the Purpose of a Cooperative Book Society?', CBN, Apr. 1942 (v.1, n.4), p.4; S. Devereux, 'The Work of Our Society', ibid., p.6 |
54 | Rhodes interview |
55 |
CBN, Jan. 1943 (v.1, n.2), p.1 |
56 | In the absence of complete membership records, this occupational analysis is based on lists of new members printed in the society's minutes, 1938-49. Of the 240
page 257
names listed, the occupations of 116 have been determined. The categories used in this analysis are derived from the Elley and Irving socio-economic index (New Zealand Journal of Educational Studies, 7, Nov. 1972, pp.153-67), as used by D. Pearson in Johnsonville. Continuity and Change in a New Zealand Township. Sydney: Allen and Unwin, 1980. The comparative figure of 46%, being the percentage of the total male working population in manual occupations at 1936, is taken from D. Pearson and D. Thorns, Eclipse of Equality. Social Stratification in New Zealand Sydney: Allen and Unwin, 1983, p.46 |
57 | Rhodes correspondence |
58 | International Bookshop. Booklist, 18 Jan. 1937. Roth collection |
59 | 'Shop Notes', CBN, Apr. 1942 (v.1, n.4), p.5 |
60 | CCBS minutes, 24 Feb. 1949 |
61 | Fenton had resigned from the management of the Co-op Bookshop at the end of 1942 to become manager of the Progressive Publishing Society in Wellington. Co-op Books was run by A.S. (Nan) Dann (formerly shop assistant), with Eva Munz as assistant, until Walter's appointment in 1944. |
62 | C. V. Walter. Interview with author, 1 Feb. 1987 |
63 | Rhodes correspondence |
64 |
CBN Apr. 1942 (v.1, n.4), p.5, Oct. 1942 (v.1, n.10), p.1 |
65 | Ibid, May 1942 (v.1, n.5), pp.5, 8 |
66 | Ibid. |
67 | Associated Booksellers of New Zealand. Minutes of annual conference, 27 Jan. 1943. Associated Booksellers of New Zealand. Minute book, 1939-59. Ms y 1076. Alexander Turnbull Library |
68 |
CBN, May 1942 (v.1, n.5), p.1; chairman's report, Oct. 1941 |
69 | 'Big News for Progressive Books' |
70 | Walter interview |
71 | Walter interview; CCBS minutes, 11 Dec. 1944 |
72 | CCBS minutes, 21 May 1946 |
73 | Letterhead on letter from D. Basham to J. Ferguson, 21 Aug. 1941. WCBS Papers: 3; CBN Jan. 1942 (v.1, n.2), p.3 |
74 | Progressive Books Ltd. Prospectus, 1937 |
75 | Progressive Book Society Ltd. Open letter, 30 Sept. 1939. Roth collection |
76 |
Union Record 15 Apr. 1940 (v.1, n.10), p.7, 20 Dec. 1944 (v.5, n.6), p.3 |
77 | Share register, 1937-1980. Progressive Book Society Ltd. Records. L. Parker. Private collection. The share register records the names of 875 shareholders; of these, the occupations of 517 are known. See above, note 56, for details of the method of analysis used. |
78 | E. Coyne, interviewed for 'And Baby Makes Three'. New Zealand Family Planning Association for Radio New Zealand. E. Coyne. Private collection |
79 | G. Jackson. Interview with author, 25 Nov. 1986 |
80 | S. Barton, 'Auckland Progressive Bookshop. Seven Progressive Years', CB, Feb. 1944 (v.1, n.4), p.[6] |
81 | Ewen. Letter to author, 12 Dec. 1986 |
82 | Cashbook, 1942-9. PBS Records |
83 | Ewen correspondence |
84 | Ibid. |
85 | Bi-annual report and financial statement for the half-year ended Sept. 30th, 1946. Johnny Mitchell Papers |
86 | Ewen correspondence |
87 |
Appendices to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1939, E7, p.2, 1946, E7, p.1 |
88 | Ewen correspondence |
89 | B. Read. Conversation with author, 1 Dec. 1986 |
90 | Ewen. Interview with author, 26 Nov. 1986 |
91 | 'Meeting Books on New Terms' |
92 | New Zealand Co-operative Book Society Ltd. Prospectus, [1938]. Roth collection; 'A Readers' Bookshop' |
93 | E. J. Dyer, obituary, quoted in Rhodes, New Zealand and the Soviet Union. An Historical Account of the NZ-USSR Society. Auckland: New Zealand-USSR Society, 1979, p.70 |
94 | R. Parsons to R. F. Griffin, 8 June 1942. WCBS Papers: 4page 258 |
95 | 'Meeting Books on New Terms' |
96 | WCBSmanagementcommitteeminutes, 12, 18 July 1939. WCBS Papers: 5/1 |
97 | Fortune correspondence; interview |
98 | Parsons. Interview with J. Colosimo, 1980 |
99 | Selection committee report. WCBS Papers: 5; library committee report. WCBS minutes, 20 Jan. 1941 |
100 | WCBS Papers: 21 |
101 | WCBS minutesof first AGM, 31 Oct. 1939 |
102 | W. P. McAra to secretary, WCBS, 13 Dec. 1943. WCBS Papers: 5 |
103 | WCBS annual report, 1945. WCBS Papers: 13 |
104 | As with the CCBS, the membership records of the WCBS are incomplete. A membership list from the early 1940s, and some lists of new members from the late 1940s, were used for this analysis. Of the 369 shareholders in the sample, the occupations of 205 were identified. |
105 | L. Plumridge, The Necessary but not Sufficient Condition: Christchurch Labour and Working-Class Culture', New Zealand]ournal of History, Oct. 1985 (v.19, n.2), pp.130-50 |
106 | R. Shuker, Educating the Workers? A History of the Workers'Education Association in New Zealand. Palmerston North: Dunmore Press, 1984, pp.104-5, 133 |
107 | See J.C. Beaglehole, Victoria University College. An Essay Towards a History. Wellington: New Zealand University Press, 1949, pp.207-30; K. Sinclair, A History of the University of Auckland, 1883-1983. Auckland: Auckland University Press/Oxford University Press, 1983, p.150 |
108 | Beaglehole, 'From Bookshop Assistant to O. M. Eminent ex-Bookseller talks to N.Z. Jubilee Conference', Bookseller, 3418, 26 June 1971, pp.2594-7; Sinclair, A History of the University of Auckland, pp.153-7; J. Milton, Areopagitica. Christchurch: Caxton Press, 1941 |
109 | P. Macaskill (ed.), Ako Pai. A Special Issue to Celebrate the Centenary of Wellington Teachers College 1880-1980. Wellington: Price Milburn for the Centennial Committee, Wellington Teachers College, 1980, p.58 |
110 | Scott, 'Books and Readers', pp.405-6; 'A Readers' Bookshop' |
111 | Ibid. |
112 | WCBS annual report, 1945 |
113 | WCBS annual report, 1947. WCBS Papers: 21 |
114 | The Leaning Tower of Babel', [C1947], Roth collection |
115 | New Zealand Co-operative BookSociety Ltd. Prospectus, [1938] |
116 | WCBS minutes of AGM, 5 Dec. 1950; annual report, 1948-9. WCBS Papers: 25 |
117 | P. Macaskill, chairman, WCBS to secretary, Modern Books, Dunedin, June 1946. WCBS Papers: 17 |
118 | W. A. Cowell and A. H. Young to secretary, WCBS, 4 Mar. 1946. WCBS Papers: 17 |
119 | WCBS minutes, 6 Aug. 1952 |
120 | Rules of the Dunedin Co-operative Book Society Ltd (draft). Dunedin Modern Books Papers |
121 | H. O. Roth, 'John Harris: Biography and Bibliography', 1970. Misc. ms 1970. Hocken Library. On Harris see also C. W. Collins, 'John Harris—Valedictory', New Zealand Libraries, Dec. 1948 (v.11, n.11), pp.269-72 |
122 | DCBS annual report, 1949. Dunedin Modern Books Papers |
123 | DCBS annual report, 1948. Dunedin Modern Books Papers |
124 | Reynolds interview |
125 | C. V. Walter to J. W. Winchester, 5 Mar. 1954. WCBS Papers: 29 |
126 | WCBS annual report, 1948. WCBS Papers: 24 |
127 | 'Meeting Books on New Terms' |
128 | Quoted in'25 Years Old. Progressive Book Society Ltd/ |
129 | G. H. Brown, Colin McCahon: Artist. Wellington: A.H. and A. W. Reed, 1984, pp.12-13 |
130 | R. Haese, Rebels and Precursors. The Revolutionary Years of Australian Art. Ringwood, Victoria: Allen Lane, 1985, pp.16, 25; J. Sendy, Melbourne's Radical
page 259
Bookshops. History, People, Appreciation. Melbourne: International Bookshop Pty Ltd, 1983, ch.8 |
131 | 'Report on Library and Second Hand Departments (Feb-April)', [1941]. WCBS Papers: 3 |
132 | Coyne interview |
133 | Hyde, 'Jack Basham's Bookshop' |
134 | P. Christoffel, Censored. A Short History of Censorship in New Zealand. Monograph Series, 12. Research Unit, Department of Internal Affairs. Wellington: Department of Internal Affairs, 1989, pp.20-1; R. Openshaw and R. Shuker, 'Silent Movies and Comics', in M. McKinnon (ed.), The American Connection. Wellington: Allen and Unwin/Port Nicholson Press, 1988, pp.58-60; A. C. Burns, 'Some Aspects of Censorship: a survey of censorship law and practice in New Zealand from 1841-1963, mainly concerning the control of indecent publications'. MA thesis, Victoria University of Wellington, 1968 |
135 | Hyde, 'Jack Basham's Bookshop' |
136 | List of prohibited literature, appended to 'Question of the prohibition of the importation of certain literature into NZ\ Memorandum from Comptroller of Customs to Minister of Customs, 27 Jan. 1936. C1 36/959: box 152. NA |
137 | W. Nash, Minister of Customs to Minister in charge of Police Department, 25 May 1936. Ibid. |
138 | Coyne, 'And Baby Makes Three' |
139 | Ewen correspondence |
140 | CCBS chairman's report, Oct. 1941; CB, Feb. 1944 (v.1, n.4), p.[5] |
141 | Comptroller of Customs to Prime Minister, 8 May 1940, quoted in Taylor, The Home Front, p.997 |
142 | D. Basham to J. Ferguson, 21 Aug. 1941. WCBS Papers: 3 |
143 | Taylor, The Home Front, p.1001 |
144 | Quoted in Union Record, 15 Jan. 1941 (v.1, n.19), p.3 |
145 | Secretary, WCBS to Minister of Customs, 18 Feb. 1941. WCBS Papers: 3 |
146 | ABNZ minutes, 25 Jan. 1939 |
147 | Ibid., 30 Oct. 1939, 6 Mar. 1940, 27 Jan. 1943 |
148 | 'Aspects of Censorship', Tomorrow, 1 Feb. 1939 (v.5, n.7), p.213 |
149 | D. B. Paul, The Book-Buying Public', CB, July 1944 (v.1, n.9), p.1 |
150 | 'The Importation of Books', New Zealand Listener, 1 July 1949 (v.21, n.523), p.7 |
151 | Ibid. |
152 | Paul, 'The Book-Buying Public' |
153 | Rhodes interview |
154 | R.M. Burdon, The New Dominion. A Socialand Political History ofNew Zealand, 1918-39. Wellington: A.H. and A. W. Reed, 1965, pp.304-5; Shuker, Educating the Workers?
|
155 |
AJHR, 1940, E7, p.2, 1950, E7, p.3 |
156 | Parsons interview |
157 | CCBS chairman's report, Oct. 1942 |
158 |
Co-op Books, Nov. 1943 (v.1, n.1), p.1 |
159 | WCBS. Draft letter to major creditors, [nd]. WCBS Papers: 34 |
160 | Manager's report to board, 1 June 1966; notice of AGM, 1980. PBS Records |
161 | Progressive Book Society Ltd. Leaflet, 195?. PBS Records |
162 | Annual report, 1968. PBS Records |
163 | 'The Right to Dissent', New Zealand Herald, 8 July 1980, p.6 |
164 | Appeal to members, [1968?]. WCBS Papers: 34 |
165 | Ibid. |