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Samoan Material Culture

Figure 234.—Lashing gunwale (oa) to side:

Figure 234.—Lashing gunwale (oa) to side:

Figure 234.—Lashing gunwale (oa) to side:

a, section of gunwale (1) which is formed from a piece of timber 3.5 inches wide and 2 inches thick. The upper surface maintains the width of 3.5 inches throughout. The outer surface is cut in from a line 0.6 inches below the upper edge at a slant for 0.3 inches, and the part below removed for that thickness, thus leaving a raised rim (2) at the upper edge. At either end the gunwale is solid as shown in the section for a few inches. The gunwale rests on the flanged uppers end (3) of the sections of the upper tier. b, Section of gunwale (1) a few inches in from the ends; the lower surface is cut upwards and slightly outwards, reducing its width to 1.3 inches so as to fit on the flange (3) below without overlap. The inner surface is cut in horizontally from a line about an inch below the upper edge and the outward cut continued until it meets the upward cut from the lower surface at the angle (4). Lashing holes (5) are formed through the lower flange (3) in the orthodox way from the wider upper surface to the angle of the flange with the inner surface. The under surface of the gunwale is marked through the hole (5) and a hole (6) bored from the mark to the angle (4). Lashings by the continuous loop method are made through these holes and they show on the inner side only. c, Upper surface showing junction of gunwale (1) with bow or stern cover (7) where straight line is interrupted by a right angled cut. d, Side view of junction of gunwale (1) with cover (7) by oblique cut, with gunwale below cover. The ridge (2) on the outer edge of the gunwale is not continued to the end. Some of the gunwale lashings are external (8). e, Section through external lashing. External lashings are in spaces between two inner lashings (b). The hole (5) is bored through the upper surface of the side section (3) downwards and outwards to come out on the outer surface. The gunwale is marked and the hole (6) bored upwards and outwards to emerge on the outer surface. The lashing (9) will thus show on the outer surface as in (d, 8).