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Ethnology of Manihiki and Rakahanga

Figure 64. Double canoe, gunwale and hull lashing: a, sections of gunwale and hull ready to be fitted together; b, sections fitted and lashed; c, outside view; d, inside view. 1, gunwale; 2, inner flange; 3, hull; 4, upper edge of hull; 5, spaced flange hole; 6, spaced hull hole; 7, inside batten over seam, width slightly less than distance from upper edge of flange and hull hole; 8, lashing braid, passes inward down through flange hole and through hull hole from without, after two or more turn…

Figure 64. Double canoe, gunwale and hull lashing: a, sections of gunwale and hull ready to be fitted together; b, sections fitted and lashed; c, outside view; d, inside view. 1, gunwale; 2, inner flange; 3, hull; 4, upper edge of hull; 5, spaced flange hole; 6, spaced hull hole; 7, inside batten over seam, width slightly less than distance from upper edge of flange and hull hole; 8, lashing braid, passes inward down through flange hole and through hull hole from without, after two or more turns are made, goes diagonally upward on inside to next flange hole, when lashing turns made with that pair of holes— though lashing turns through gunwale flange hole confined to inner side, turns appear on outer side of hull, but, owing to downward projection of lower edge of gunwale, are concealed from outside; 9, lower edge of gunwale, overlaps and conceals lashings from outside; 10, braid ascending to flange hole to make two lashing turns (d, 8); 11, braid passing on to flange hole of next pair.

Figure 64. Double canoe, gunwale and hull lashing: a, sections of gunwale and hull ready to be fitted together; b, sections fitted and lashed; c, outside view; d, inside view. 1, gunwale; 2, inner flange; 3, hull; 4, upper edge of hull; 5, spaced flange hole; 6, spaced hull hole; 7, inside batten over seam, width slightly less than distance from upper edge of flange and hull hole; 8, lashing braid, passes inward down through flange hole and through hull hole from without, after two or more turns are made, goes diagonally upward on inside to next flange hole, when lashing turns made with that pair of holes— though lashing turns through gunwale flange hole confined to inner side, turns appear on outer side of hull, but, owing to downward projection of lower edge of gunwale, are concealed from outside; 9, lower edge of gunwale, overlaps and conceals lashings from outside; 10, braid ascending to flange hole to make two lashing turns (d, 8); 11, braid passing on to flange hole of next pair.